Trichoclinocera emotoi, Saigusa & Sinclair Introduction, 2021

Saigusa, Toyohei & Sinclair Introduction, Bradley J., 2021, Revision of the Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group from eastern Asia (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae), Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1), pp. 51-65 : 54-56

Trichoclinocera emotoi sp. nov.

( Figs 5–6 , 13 , 17–18 , 35 , 41 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C258A922-8A4E-458D-923E-096FB9E304FD

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, labelled: “(E. NEPAL)/ Thurukpa (2600m)/ 27°36′ N, 87°36′ E - - -/ (E. NEPAL)/ Topke Gola (3700m)/ 27°38′ N, 87°35′ E ”; “ June 12, 1972 / J. Emoto leg./ Kyushu Univ. Col.”; “[HOLOTYPE]/ Trichoclinocera / emotoi / Saigusa & Sinclair [red label]” ( KUMF) . PARATYPES: NEPAL: same data as holotype (2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, CNC; 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, KUMF) ; Penmaten , 2600 m, 27°36′ N, 87°36′ E / Topke Gola, 3700 m, 27°38′ N, 87°35′ E, 30.vi.1973 / H. Ma- kihara (1 ♂, KUMF) ; NE of Thudam , 4000 m, 27°47′ N 87°36′ E, 25.vi.1972, H. Shima (1 ♂, CNC) .

Recognition. This species is distinguished by the pair of long spur-like setae mounted on a short tubercle at the base of the fore femur, greyish legs, clear wings and clasping cercus with broad U-shaped notch near base.

Description. Wing length 3.6–4.0 mm. Male. Grey-blue pruinescence and dark legs ( Fig. 5 ). Head narrowed ventrally, compound eyes oval; facets enlarged anteroventrally. Face greatly narrowed medially, ca. width of antennal socket, with bright whitish pruinescence; low- er margin of face straight, lacking cleft and carina; gena one-seventh as wide as eye height. Frons slightly darker than face in dorsal view; vertex and ocellar triangle dark brown, lower postocciput brown, gena lightly pruinescent. Ocellar seta longest among cranial setae; occiput with 3–4 pairs of long setae posterior to ocellar triangle; postocular with row of short setae along eye margin, upper 5–6 setae dark, stouter than lower setae; postgena with numerous long, white silky setae. Arista-like stylus long and slender, not tapered apically. Palpus short, pointed apically, ca. one-fourth eye height.

Pleura grey with pale blue pruinescence; scutum greyish brown with somewhat bluish lateral margins, medially paler brown in posterior view; posterolateral margin of postpronotal lobe shiny brown; faint black vitta along inner edge of dc; prescutellar depression somewhat bluish posteromedially in posterior view. Thoracic setae long, ca. subequal to width of eye; acrostichal setulae lacking; 5–6 dc; 0–1 very short, pale pprn, at most one-fourth length of dc, with 0–2 pale setulae; 1 presut spal; 2 npl; 2 psut spal; 1 pal; 2 pairs sctl and several pale marginal setulae; several pale setulae on notopleural depression. Laterotergite with patch of pale setae; prothoracic episternum with several setulae and 2 long, spine-like setae, longer than width of fore coxa, shorter seta often pale; anepisternum with a few pale setulae along posterior margin; katepisternum with a few minute pale setulae; hind margin of metepisternum with white setulae.

Wing ( Fig. 35 ) narrow, lightly infuscate, without markings; pterostigma very narrow, faint, elliptical. One basal costal seta, two-thirds length of posterior dc. Sparse row of setulae from base of R to mid-length of R 1; auxiliary crossvein lacking; cell dm produced apically; R 4 and R 5 divergent apically; base of R 4 often with short spur vein. Halter dark.

Legs dark, coxae with blue pruinescence, concolourous with pleura. Coxae with long, pale marginal setae; fore coxa with long pale anterolateral setae. Fore femur ( Fig. 6 ) distinctly swollen on basal half, with pair of setae mounted on short single tubercle: anterior seta spur-like, ca. one-half length of femur, posterior seta pale, thinner and one-half length of anterior seta; anteroventral row of ca. 20 spine-like setae extending length of femur, length ca. one-fourth width of femur, decreasing in length apically; 3–4 preapical anterior setae, longer than anteroventral setae; row of slender, pale posteroventral setae extending length of femur, some subequal in length to width of femur; 2–3 posteroventral, spine-like setae near mid-length of femur, ca. subequal in length to width of femur; dense, very short, white pile beneath. Fore tibia slightly sinuous to arched in shape with row of stout setae beneath, biserial apically; setae increasing in length apically to width of tibia; row of posterodorsal setae prominent on apical half. Mid femur with slender anteroventral and posteroventral preapical setae; without anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae. Hind femur with anteroventral setae; without anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae. Hind tibia without posterodorsal spur-like seta near base; 1 erect, spine-like posterodorsal preapical seta. Tarsi long- er than corresponding tibiae. Empodium pulvilliform, subequal in length to claw, less than half length of tarsomere.

Abdomen concolourous with thoracic pleura in lateral view, with mostly pale setae, darker along posterior margin. Terminalia ( Figs 13, 15–16 ): hypandrium narrow, cylindrical, tapered apically, 1.5x length of epandrium; anterior margin pointed. Phallus extending beyond clasping cercus; strongly bent sub-basally; shaft narrow with broad, expanded base; apex with cup-like opening, with small, round, bulbous membranous swelling, slightly wider than diameter of apex of phallus; membrane lacking microtrichia; ejaculatory apodeme arched strongly within base of phallus. Epandrium subtriangular, with large membranous area at basal margin with hypandrium. Surstylus slender, two-thirds length of clasping cercus, lacking apical setae and microtrichia. Clasping cercus finger-like, tapered on apical half; basal half with broad U-shaped notch on dorsal margin; long, fine setae on ventral margin; inner dorsal margin with peg-like setae along entire length, except in notch.

Female. Similar to male including chaetotaxy of legs. Terminalia (undissected): Tergite 9+10 with 4 straight spine-like setae on apical margin.

Distribution. This species is confined to eastern Nepal known from 2600–4000 m ( Fig. 41 ), often collected together with T. maculata sp. nov.

Etymology. The specific epithet is named after Jun Emoto, the collector of the holotype of this species and many other valuable specimens.

Figures

Figs 5–8. Habitus and forelegs of Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group. 5. T. emotoi sp. nov., male habitus. 6. T. emotoi sp. nov., female forelegs.7. T.maculata sp. nov., male habitus.8. T. maculata sp. nov., male forelegs.Scale bars: Figs 6, 8 = 0.5 mm; Figs 5, 7 = 1.0 mm.

Figs 13–16. Male terminalia of Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group, lateral view. 13. T. emotoi sp. nov. 14. T. maculata sp. nov. 15. T. nakanishii sp. nov. 16. T. pakistanensis sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.Abbreviations: cl cerc = clasping cercus; epand = epandrium; hypd = hypandrium; ph = phallus; sur = surstylus.

Figs 17–22. Male terminalia of Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group, lateral view. 17–18. T. emotoi sp. nov. 17. Terminalia. 18. Clasping cercus. 19–20. T. maculata sp. nov. 19. Terminalia. 20. Clasping cercus. 21–22. T. nakanishii sp. nov. 21. Terminalia. 22. Clasping cercus. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Figs 35–40. Wings of Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group. 35. T. emotoi sp. nov. 36. T. maculata sp. nov. 37. T. nakanishii sp. nov., holotype.38. T. pakistanensis sp. nov.39. T.yixianensis Li & Yang (Bhutan). 40. T. yixianensisLi & Yang (Shaanxi). Scale bars = 1.0 mm. Abbreviations: R 2+3 = second branch of radius; R 4 = upper branch of third branch of radius.

Fig. 41. Known distribution of the Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group.