Talaromyces adpressus A. J. Chen, J. C. Frisvad & R. A. Samson (2016)

Cheng, Kai-Wen, Yang, Jiue-in, Srimongkol, Piroonporn, Stadler, Marc, Karnchanatat, Aphichart & Ariyawansa, Hiran A., 2025, Fungal frontiers in toxic terrain: Revealing culturable fungal communities in Serpentine paddy fields of Taiwan, IMA Fungus 16, pp. e 155308-e 155308 : e155308-

Talaromyces adpressus A. J. Chen, J. C. Frisvad & R. A. Samson (2016)

Fig. 18

Description.

Sexual morph undetermined. Asexual morph Conidiophores arose from aerial hyphae, or roping hyphal aggregations, hyaline, straight, bi-verticillate. Metulae 9.6–15.5 µm × 2.4–3.0 µm. Phialides 3–5, flask-shaped, 8.5–10.8 µm × 2.1–2.6 µm. Conidia globose to subglobose, hyaline, few pale green, 2.2–2.5 µm × 1.6–2.1 µm (x ̄ = 2.3 × 1.9 µm, L / W ratio = 1.20, n = 25).

Medium dependent growth in 7 / 14 days at 25 ° C (mm).

• CYA 23–25 / 33 – 38; CYAS No growth; MEA 55–58 / 80 – 85; OA 43–46 / 85 – 90; PDA 38–42 / 60 – 65; YESA 43–45 / 62 – 65.

Temperature dependent growth in 7 days (mm).

• CYA / MEA 20 ° C 28–30 / 30 – 33; 30 ° C 30–33 / 51 – 56; 37 ° C 16–18 / 16 – 19.

Culture characteristics.

CYA, 25 ° C, 14 days, sulcate, margin entire and white to buff, floccose, sporulation sparse, pale gray to grayish-green, soluble pigments absent, exudates clear droplets; reverse in coffee brown to caramel. MEA, 25 ° C, 14 days, margin slightly irregular and beige, floccose to funiculose, sporulation dense, grayish-green, soluble pigments absent, exudates clear droplets; reverse in light yellowish brown. OA, 25 ° C, 14 days, margin entire and pale gray, floccose to funiculose, sporulation dense, dark green, soluble pigments absent, exudates clear droplets; reverse in buff. PDA, 25 ° C, 14 days, margin irregular and whitish, floccose to funiculose, sporulation dense, olive green, soluble pigments absent, exudates clear droplets; reverse in cream-buff. YESA, 25 ° C, 14 days, margin slightly irregular, floccose, sporulation moderately dense, warm beige, soluble pigments and exudates absent; reverse in light gold to metallic gold.

Material examined.

TAIWAN • Guanshan Township , Taitung County, 23°02'12.8"N, 121°11'22.0"E, serpentine soil in rice field, 2 nd November 2022, K. W Cheng, living culture NTUPPMCC 22-271 .

Notes.

In the present study, our strain ( NTUPPMCC 22-271 ) clustered within the clade containing ex-type strain, along with other representative strains of T. adpressus with strong statistical support (100 % / 1.00) (Fig. 19 ). T. adpressus NTUPPMCC 22-271 exhibited similar asexual morph to the ex-type strain of T. adpressus ( CBS 140620 ), with bi-verticillate conidiophores, phialides 3–5, and subglobose conidia (Fig. 18 ); however, our strain ( NTUPPMCC 22-271 ) did not grow on CYAS ( Chen et al. 2016). T. adpressus has been reported from a wide range of substrates including sea sand, indoor air, peanut, Heterodera zeae cysts, Oryza coarctata as endophytic fungi ( Chen et al. 2016; Peterson and Jurjevic 2019; Airin et al. 2023; Lee et al. 2023; Mo et al. 2024). However, this study represents the first discovery of T. adpressus in Taiwan.

Figures

Figure 18. Morphology of Talaromyces adpressus NTUPPMCC 22-271. A, D 14 - days-old colony on PDA; B, E 14 - days-old colony on MEA; C, F 14 - days-old colony on CYA; G, H 14 - days-old colony on YESA; I 14 - days-old colony on OA; J, K Conidiophores, phialides, and conidiogenous cells; L Conidia. Scale bars: 20 µm (J, K); 10 µm (L).

Figure 19. Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree based on a concatenated dataset of ITS, cmd A, rpb 2, and tub 2. Species representing section Talaromyces including 113 strains representing 98 taxa were included in the concatenated dataset, with 2127 characters (ITS 536 bp, cmd A 336 bp, rpb 2 843 bp, and tub 2 412 bp) including alignment gaps. The tree was rooted with Talaromyces helicus CBS 335.48 (Section Helici). MLB ≥ 70 % and BPPs ≥ 0.95 were shown at each node; values lower than these thresholds are indicated by a hyphen (–). The scale bar indicates the number of estimated substitutions per site. The strains introduced in this study are in red and novel species are in bold. The ex-type strains are marked with T.