Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2025

Zhao, Jiaqi, Guo, Xiangbo, Gao, Zhizhong & Zhang, Feng, 2025, Review of the pseudoscorpion genus Stenohya Beier, 1967 from China (Pseudoscorpiones, Neobisiidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 993, pp. 1-104 : 69-78

Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. (Øĸ狭伪$)

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:817F4ABD-3AD1-4CA1-B5FC-6DF9FCF429DD

Figs 1.24 , 52–57 , 69K , 70N

Diagnosis

Male femur with a projection on the subdistal prolateral surface, with a polygonal protuberance in the median prolateral position, and with some big tubercles mainly surrounding the basal to median area in the prolateral position ( Figs 54I , 55E ); femur and patella of leg I enlarged ( Figs 54J , 55F ). Female pedipalpal femur 4.57–4.63 times as long as broad, pedipalpal patella 3.48–3.57 times as long as broad, pedipalpal chela (with pedicel) 3.89–4.27 times as long as broad, movable finger 1.49–1.59 times as long as hand (without pedicel), and pedipalpal movable chelal finger with 47–54 rounded teeth at base and 42–48 pointed in distal position.

Etymology

The specific epithet is derived from the Greek word ‘ polygonius ’, meaning ‘polygonal’, which refers to the shape of the protuberance on the pedipalpal femur in male.

Type material

Holotype CHINA • ♂; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Lingchuan County, Sanjie Town; 25°27′46″ N, 110°20′43″ E; 184 m a.s.l.; 20 Jan. 2024; in leaf litter and under rocks ( Fig. 2A ); Jiaqi Zhao, Jianzhou Sun and Yiting Xu leg.; Ps.- MHBU-GX2024012001 .

Paratypes CHINA • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; Ps.- MHBU-GX2024012002–06 • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Lingchuan County, Sanjie Town; 25°20′19″ N, 110°20′45″ E; 182 m a.s.l.; 14 Jan. 2024; Haofei Fan leg.; Ps.- MHBU-GX2024011401–03 .

Description

Adult males (holotype and male paratypes) ( Figs 52A , 53A )

CARAPACE ( Figs 54A , 55A , 69K ). Carapace 1.21–1.24 times as long as broad, with a total of 31–32 setae, including six near anterior margin and seven near posterior margin; seven lyrifissures near the eyes, six lyrifissures near posterior margin; epistome small, triangular, with heavily rounded top; with four corneate eyes. Carapace with elevations in the middle of the eye area and near middle of carapace in lateral view.

CHELICERA ( Figs 54B , 55B ). Hand with seven setae and two lyrifissures, movable finger with one seta; fixed finger with 15–16 teeth; movable finger with 6–8 teeth; serrula exterior with 43–48 lamellae; serrula interior with 39–41 lamellae; galea developed, divided into two main branches, each branch secondarily divided into three terminal rami ( Fig. 54E ); rallum consisting of 8–9 blades, all with anteriorly directed spinules, the basalmost blade shortest ( Fig. 54C ).

PEDIPALPS ( Figs 54G–I , 55D–E ). Apex of pedipalpal coxa rounded, with 6–7 long setae. Femur with a projection on the subdistal prolateral surface, and with a polygonal protuberance in the median prolateral position, femur with some big tubercles mainly surrounding the basal to median area in the prolateral position, as well as few small tubercles placed at the retrolateral surface ( Figs 54I , 55E ); patella smooth ( Figs 54I , 55E ); chelal hand with 45–50 triangular-shaped, spinous apophyses on the dorsal side, each apophysis with a seta at the base. A few spinous apophyses extended to the subbase of fixed finger, and a few small granular protuberances dispersedly located distally on the hand ( Figs 54G–H , 55D– E ). Trochanter 1.91–1.94, femur 3.96–3.98, patella 4.13–4.36, chela (with pedicel) 4.84–5.06, chela (without pedicel) 4.66–4.82 times as long as broad, movable finger 1.41–1.52 times as long as hand (without pedicel). Fixed chelal finger with eight, movable chelal finger with four trichobothria: eb and esb situated basally, grouped very closely with ib and isb; est, et and it grouped distally; ist closer to et - est -it than to eb -esb -isb -ib in fixed chelal finger; b and sb situated closer to each other in basal half, st and t close to each other in distal half of movable finger. Venom apparatus present only in fixed chelal finger, venom duct short. Fixed chelal finger with 106–107 pointed teeth, movable finger with 100–106 teeth: 55–58 rounded teeth at base and 45–48 pointed teeth in distal position.

ABDOMEN. Pleural membrane granulated. Tergites and sternites undivided, tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 6–7:8–10: 10–11:10: 10–11: 12–13: 12: 10–12:12–13: 12: 12, sternal chaetotaxy (IV–XI): 26–32:24– 25: 20: 20–22:19–20: 15–19: 11–16: 5, sternites VI–VIII with 8–11 medial scattered glandular setae, anal cone with two dorsal and two ventral setae. Genital area ( Figs 54F , 55C ): anterior genital sternite with 33–34 setae and two lyrifissures; posterior genital sternite with 42–46 setae and two lyrifissures.

LEGS ( Figs 54J–K , 55F–G ). In leg I, femur and patella enlarged, basitarsus and telotarsus semi-fused, the dividing line between the two segments visible ( Figs 54J , 55F ). Leg I: trochanter 1.24–1.41, femur 3.24–3.26, patella 2.90–3.38, tibia 3.38–4.84, basitarsus 3.36–3.50, telotarsus 3.63–3.75 times as long as deep. Leg IV: trochanter 2.28–2.63, femur+patella 4.41–4.52, tibia 7.85–7.86, basitarsus 4.18–4.50, telotarsus 7.62–8.82 times as long as deep; tibia with two submedial tactile setae (TS=0.24, 0.66– 0.74), basitarsus with two tactile setae (TS=0.11–0.17, 0.85–0.87), telotarsus with two tactile setae (TS =0.26–0.29, 0.60–0.63); subterminal tarsal seta distally branched ( Fig. 54D ). Arolium not divided, shorter than the slender and simple claws.

Adult females (paratypes) ( Figs 52B , 53B )

Mostly same as in males, except where noted.

CARAPACE ( Figs 56A , 57A , 70N ). Carapace 1.00–1.15 times as long as broad, with a total of 25–31 setae, including 4–6 near anterior margin and 7–8 near posterior margin; five lyrifissures near the eyes, five lyrifissures near posterior margin. Carapace with a slight elevation in the middle of the eye area in lateral view.

CHELICERA ( Figs 56B , 57B ). Fixed finger with 12–16 teeth; movable finger with 6–7 teeth; serrula exterior with 41–45 lamellae; serrula interior with 39–43 lamellae; galea divided into two main branches, one branch secondarily divided into five terminal rami, the other branch secondarily divided into three terminal rami ( Fig. 56E ); rallum consisting of eight blades, all with anteriorly directed spinules, the basalmost blade shortest ( Fig. 56C ).

PEDIPALPS ( Figs 56G–I , 57D–E ). Apex of pedipalpal coxa with seven long setae. Femur with a few tubercles prolaterally ( Figs 56I , 57E ). Trochanter 1.85–2.17, femur 4.57–4.63, patella 3.48–3.57, chela (with pedicel) 4.19–4.27, chela (without pedicel) 3.89–4.00 times as long as broad, movable finger 1.49– 1.59 times as long as hand (without pedicel). Fixed chelal finger with 99–103 pointed teeth, movable finger with 95–96 teeth: 47–54 rounded teeth at base and 42–48 pointed in distal position.

ABDOMEN. Tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 4–5: 7–8:8–10: 10–11: 9–10:10–11: 11–12: 11–12: 10:10– 12: 9–10, sternal chaetotaxy (IV–XI): 26: 18–20:19: 16–20: 18–19: 15–18: 12–14: 5, sternites VI–VIII with two medial glandular setae; genital area ( Figs 56F , 57C ): sternite II with a total of 15–18 setae and two lyrifissures; sternite III with a row of 34–36 setae and two lyrifissures.

LEGS ( Figs 56J–K , 57F–G ). Leg I: trochanter 1.21–1.23, femur 3.75–4.31, patella 3.23–3.32, tibia 5.29– 5.35, basitarsus 3.77–3.92, telotarsus 5.50–5.82 times as long as deep. Leg IV: trochanter 2.38–2.60, femur +patella 4.42–4.62, tibia 6.92–8.30, basitarsus 4.31–4.43, telotarsus 6.07–7.50 times as long as deep; tibia with one submedial tactile seta (TS= 0.62–0.65), basitarsus with two tactile setae (TS=0.13– 0.18, 0.88–0.89), telotarsus with two tactile setae (TS=0.28–0.32, 0.61–0.63).

Measurements (in mm; length/breadth or, for legs, length/depth)

Males (holotype and paratypes)

Body length 4.74–4.84. Carapace 1.54–1.67/1.27–1.35. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.88–0.93/0.46–0.48, femur 2.03–2.06/0.51–0.52, patella 1.83–1.90/0.42–0.46, chela (with pedicel) 3.44–3.73/0.68–0.77, chela (without pedicel) 3.28–3.59/0.68–0.77, hand (without pedicel) length 1.34–1.52, movable finger length 2.04–2.15. Leg I: trochanter 0.47–0.48/0.34–0.38, femur 1.10–1.11/0.34, patella 0.87–0.98/0.29– 0.30, tibia 0.92–0.98/0.19–0.20, basitarsus 0.49–0.50/0.14–0.16, telotarsus 0.57–0.58/0.14–0.16. Leg IV: trochanter 0.66–0.79/0.29–0.30, femur +patella 1.72–1.90/0.39–0.42, tibia 1.57–0.65/0.20– 0.21, basitarsus 0.63–0.71/0.14–0.17, telotarsus 0.97–0.99/0.11–0.13.

Females (paratypes)

Body length 5.65–6.48. Carapace 1.35–1.56/1.35–1.36. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.89–1.00/0.46–0.48, femur 1.99–2.01/0.43–0.44, patella 1.67–1.68/0.47–0.48, chela (with pedicel) 3.54–3.73/0.83–0.89, chela (without pedicel) 3.32–3.46/0.83–0.89, hand (without pedicel) length 1.42–1.45, movable finger length 2.11–2.31. Leg I: trochanter 0.41–0.43/0.34–0.35, femur 1.05–1.12/0.26–0.28, patella 0.71– 0.73/0.22, tibia 0.90–0.91/0.17, basitarsus 0.49–0.51/0.13, telotarsus 0.64–0.66/0.11–0.12. Leg IV: trochanter 0.76–0.78/0.30–0.32, femur +patella 1.80–1.90/0.39–0.43, tibia 1.66–1.73/0.20–0.25, basitarsus 0.62–0.69/0.14–0.16, telotarsus 0.91–1.05/0.14–0.15.

Distribution

China: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

Remarks

This new species is similar to S. biverticis , S. cordata , S. dongtianensis , S. guangmingensis , S. gibba , S. jiahensis , S. jiaxiani , S. margarita , S. papillata and S. spinata in the presence of triangular-shaped spinous apophyses on the dorsal face of the male pedipalpal chela hand, but can be distinguished by the presence of 45–50 triangular-shaped spinous apophyses on the dorsal face of the pedipalpal chela hand (31–34 in S. cordata ; 9–14 in S. dongtianensis ; 17–19 in S. guangmingensis ; 15–18 in S. gibba ; 22–26 in S. jiaxiani , 16–20 in S. margarita ; 30–33 in S. papillata and 16–17 in S. spinata ); the presence of a polygonal protuberance in the median prolateral position in the pedipalpal femur (in S. biverticis , the femur has a unimodal protuberance in the median prolateral position; in S. jiahensis , the femur has a small intumescence and a columniform intumescence in the near median prolateral surface) ( Li & Shi 2023; Zhan et al. 2023; Zhao et al. 2024). Females of this new species are similar to those of S. biverticis , S. guangmingensis , S. jiaxiani , S. margarita and S. papillata , but can be distinguished by the pedipalpal femur 4.57–4.63 times as long as broad (4.76–4.98 in S. papillata ; 4.90–5.39 in S. guangmingensis ); the pedipalpal patella 3.48–3.57 times as long as broad (3.15–3.16 in S. jiaxiani ); pedipalpal chelal movable finger 1.49–1.59 times as long as hand (without pedicel) (1.66–1.77 in S. biverticis ; 1.69–1.82 in S. margarita ); and the presence of 47–54 rounded teeth at base and 42–48 pointed teeth in distal position of pedipalpal movable chelal finger ( S. jiaxiani with 55–58 rounded teeth at base and 41–44 pointed teeth in distal position, S. margarita with 46–49 rounded teeth at base and 33–34 pointed teeth in distal position) ( Zhao et al. 2024).

Figures

Fig. 1. Distribution map of species of Stenohya Beier, 1967 from China. 1. Stenohya xiningensis Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. 2. Stenohya setulosa Guo & Zhang, 2016. 3. Stenohya bomica Zhao & Zhang, 2011. 4. Stenohya spinata Zhan, Feng & Zhang, 2023. 5. Stenohya qianlei Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 6. Stenohya gibba Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. 7. Stenohya papillata Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. 8. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 9. Stenohya guangmingensis Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. 10. Stenohya jiaxiani Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 11. Stenohya huangi Hu & Zhang, 2012. 12. Stenohya biverticis Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 13. Stenohya pengae Hu & Zhang, 2012. 14. Stenohya hainanensis Guo & Zhang, 2016. 15. Stenohya curvata Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. 16. Stenohya bicornuta Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. 17. Stenohya harveyi Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 18. Stenohya arcuata Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. 19. Stenohya tengchongensis Yang & Zhang, 2013. 20. Stenohya meiacantha Yang & Zhang, 2013. 21. Stenohya jiahensis Li & Shi, 2023. 22. Stenohya cordata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 23. Stenohya ungulata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 24. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 25. Stenohya dongtianensis Li & Shi, 2023.

Fig. 52. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. A. Holotype, male (dorsal view) (Ps.-MHBU- GX2024012001). B. Paratype, female (dorsal view) (Ps.-MHBU-GX2024012002). Scale bars: 2 mm.

Fig. 53. Living specimens of Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. A. Male. B. Female.

Fig. 54. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov., holotype, male (Ps.-MHBU-GX2024012001). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Right chelicera, dorsal view. C. Rallum. D. Subterminal tarsal seta. E. Galea. F. Chaetotaxy of genital area, ventral view. G. Right pedipalpal chela, lateral view, showing trichobothriotaxy and teeth. H. Right pedipalpal chela, dorsal view. I. Right pedipalp (trochanter, femur and patella), dorsal view. J. Right leg I, lateral view. K. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: A, F =0.5 mm; B =0.2 mm; C–E =0.1 mm; G–K =1 mm.

Fig. 55. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov., holotype, male (Ps.-MHBU-GX2024012001). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Right chelicera, dorsal view. C. Genital area, ventral view. D. Right pedipalpal chela, lateral view. E. Right pedipalp, dorsal view. F. Right leg I, lateral view. G. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: A, C=0.5 mm; B =0.2 mm; D–G =1 mm.

Fig. 56. StenohyapolygoniaZhao, Guo & Zhangsp. nov., paratype, female (Ps.-MHBU-GX2024012002). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Right chelicera, dorsal view. C. Rallum. D. Subterminal tarsal seta. E. Galea. F. Chaetotaxy of genital area, ventral view. G. Right pedipalpal chela, lateral view, showing trichobothriotaxy and teeth. H. Right pedipalpal chela, dorsal view. I. Right pedipalp (trochanter, femur and patella), dorsal view. J. Right leg I, lateral view. K. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: A, F =0.5 mm; B =0.2 mm; C–E =0.1 mm; G–K =1 mm.

Fig. 57. Stenohyapolygonia Zhao, Guo& Zhang sp. nov., paratype, female (Ps.-MHBU-GX2024012002). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Right chelicera, dorsal view. C. Genital area, ventral view. D. Right chela, lateral view. E. Right pedipalp, dorsal view. F. Right leg I, lateral view. G. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: A, C =0.5 mm; B= 0.2 mm; D–G= 1 mm.

Fig. 69. Male carapaces, lateral views (the red arrows indicate the elevation on the carapace). A. Stenohya curvata Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. B. Stenohya huangi Hu & Zhang, 2012. C. Stenohya bicornuta Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. D. Stenohya meiacantha Yang & Zhang, 2013. E. Stenohya harveyi Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. F. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. G. Stenohya xiningensis Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. H. Stenohya pengae Hu & Zhang, 2012. I. Stenohya setulosa Guo & Zhang, 2016. J. Stenohya tengchongensis Yang & Zhang, 2013. K. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. L. Stenohya jiahensis Li & Shi, 2023. M. Stenohya jiaxiani Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. N. Stenohya spinata Zhan, Feng & Zhang, 2023. O. Stenohya dongtianensis Li & Shi, 2023.P. Stenohya qianleiZhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. Q. Stenohya papillata Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. R. Stenohya ungulata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. S. Stenohya cordata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. T. Stenohya guangmingensis Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. U. Stenohya biverticis Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. V. Stenohya gibba Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. W. Stenohya hainanensis Guo & Zhang, 2016. X. Stenohya arcuata Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 70. Female carapaces, lateral views (the red arrows indicate the elevation on the carapace). A. Stenohya hainanensis Guo & Zhang, 2016. B. Stenohya harveyi Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. C. Stenohya huangi Hu & Zhang, 2012. D. Stenohya jiahensis Li & Shi, 2023. E. Stenohya pengae Hu & Zhang, 2012. F. Stenohya biverticis Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. G. Stenohya ungulata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. H. Stenohya curvata Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. I. Stenohya meiacantha Yang & Zhang, 2013. J. Stenohya qianlei Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. K. Stenohya tengchongensis Yang & Zhang, 2013. L. Stenohya bicornuta Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. M. Stenohya jiaxiani Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. N. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. O. Stenohya dongtianensis Li & Shi, 2023.P. Stenohya cordata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. Q. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. R. Stenohya guangmingensis Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. S. Stenohya spinata Zhan, Feng & Zhang, 2023. T. Stenohya gibba Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. U. Stenohya arcuata Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. V. Stenohya papillata Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 2. Habitats of some species of Stenohya Beier, 1967. A. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. B. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. C. Stenohya biverticis Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. D. Stenohya cordata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. E. Stenohya harveyi Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. F. Stenohya jiahensis Li & Shi, 2023. G. Stenohya dongtianensis Li & Shi, 2023.