Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2025

Zhao, Jiaqi, Guo, Xiangbo, Gao, Zhizhong & Zhang, Feng, 2025, Review of the pseudoscorpion genus Stenohya Beier, 1967 from China (Pseudoscorpiones, Neobisiidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 993, pp. 1-104 : 58-66

Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. (珍珠狭伪$)

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D872F411-EC13-4626-82A1-E02EDC2D21A1

Figs 1.8 , 42–47 , 69F , 70Q

Diagnosis

Male pedipalpal femur with a curved protuberance in median prolateral position, as well as a projection on the subdistal prolateral surface, two intumescences in median and subdistal position on the dorsal side ( Figs 44I , 45D–E ); chelal hand with 16–20 triangular-shaped, spinous apophyses on the dorsal side; chelal hand with many small granular processes mainly surrounding the basal to median area on prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal sides ( Figs 44G–H , 45C–D ). Female apex of pedipalpal coxa with six long setae; pedipalpal movable chelal finger with 92–97 teeth; and pedipalpal movable chelal finger with 46–49 rounded teeth at base, and 33–34 pointed in distal position.

Etymology

The specific epithet is derived from the Greek word ‘ margarita ’, meaning ‘pearl’, which refers to the presence of many small granular processes on the prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal sides of the pedipalpal chelal hand in the male; noun in apposition.

Type material

Holotype CHINA • ♂; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Quanzhou County, Xinhaocaoping Village; 25°52′39″ N, 111°26′16″ E; 769 m a.s.l.; 23 Nov. 2023; in leaf litter ( Fig. 2B ); Jiaqi Zhao, Jianzhou Sun, Tao Zheng and Songtao Shi leg.; Ps.- MHBU-GX2023112301 .

Paratypes CHINA • 3 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; Ps.- MHBU-GX2023112302–12 .

Description

Adult males (holotype and male paratypes) ( Figs 42A , 43A )

CARAPACE ( Figs 44A , 45A , 69F ). Carapace 1.23–1.25 times as long as broad, with a total of 30–31 setae, including 5–6 near anterior margin and 5–6 near posterior margin; six lyrifissures near the eyes, five lyrifissures near posterior margin; epistome small, triangular, with rounded top; four corneate eyes. Carapace nearly smooth.

CHELICERA ( Figs 44B , 45B ). Hand with seven setae and two lyrifissures, movable finger with one seta; fixed finger with 12–15 teeth; movable finger with 5–7 teeth; serrula exterior with 43–45 lamellae; serrula interior with 33–40 lamellae; galea developed, divided into two main branches, one branch secondarily divided into four terminal rami, the other branch secondarily divided into three terminal rami ( Fig. 44E ); rallum consisting of seven blades, all with anteriorly directed spinules, the basalmost blade shortest ( Fig. 44C ).

PEDIPALPS ( Figs 44G–I , 45C–E ). Apex of pedipalpal coxa rounded, with 6–7 long setae. Femur with some small tubercles in the prolateral position, and a curved protuberance adjacent in the median prolateral position, as well as a projection on the subdistal prolateral surface, two intumescences in the median and subdistal position on the dorsal side ( Fig. 45D–E ); patella smooth; chelal hand concave on the dorsal side of distal half, and with 16–20 triangular-shaped, spinous apophyses on the dorsal side, each apophysis with a seta at the base, a few spinous apophyses extended onto the dorsal face of fixed finger; chelal hand with many small granular protuberances mainly surrounding the basal to median area on prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal sides ( Figs 44G–H , 45C–D ). Trochanter 1.56–2.02, femur 3.68–4.05, patella 4.05–4.22, chela (with pedicel) 4.90–5.15, chela (without pedicel) 4.61–4.92 times as long as broad, movable finger 1.88–1.93 times as long as hand (without pedicel). Fixed chelal finger with eight, movable chelal finger with four trichobothria: eb and esb situated basally, grouped very closely with ib and isb; est, et and it grouped distally; ist closer to et -est -it than to eb -esb -isb -ib in fixed chelal finger; b and sb situated closer to each other in basal half, st and t close to each other in distal half of movable finger. Venom apparatus present only in fixed chelal finger, venom duct short. Fixed chelal finger with 106–107 pointed teeth, movable finger with 92–94 teeth: 42–46 rounded teeth at base and 48–50 pointed teeth in distal position.

ABDOMEN. Pleural membrane granulated. Tergites and sternites undivided, tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 5–6:7–8: 9–10: 10: 10: 10–12: 11: 12: 11–12: 10–11: 9–13, sternal chaetotaxy (IV–XI): 19–24:18– 22: 16–22: 18–19:15–18: 13–16: 11–13: 5, sternites VI–VIII with 6–12 medial scattered glandular setae, anal cone with two dorsal and two ventral setae. Genital area ( Figs 44F , 45F ): anterior genital sternite with 35–41 setae and two lyrifissures; posterior genital sternite with 35–40 setae and two lyrifissures.

LEGS ( Figs 44J–K , 45G–H ). In leg I, femur with marked enlargement distally, patella enlarged, tibia bent, basitarsus and telotarsus semi-fused, the dividing line between the two segments visible ( Figs 44J , 45G ). Leg I: trochanter 1.23–1.43, femur 2.76–3.15, patella 3.07–3.54, tibia 4.33–4.53, basitarsus 3.20–3.40, telotarsus 4.42–4.58 times as long as deep. Leg IV: trochanter 2.18–2.45, femur +patella 3.95–4.61, tibia 6.76–8.35, basitarsus 3.69–4.50, telotarsus 6.00–7.42 times as long as deep; tibia with two submedial tactile setae (TS=0.22, 0.61–0.63), basitarsus with two tactile setae (TS =0.15–0.17, 0.84–0.86), telotarsus with three tactile setae (TS=0.22–0.27, 0.57–0.58, 0.76–0.77); subterminal tarsal seta distally branched ( Fig. 44D ). Arolium not divided, shorter than the slender and simple claws.

Adult female (paratype females) ( Figs 42B , 43B )

Mostly same as in males, except where noted.

CARAPACE ( Figs 46A , 47A , 70Q ). Carapace 1.05–1.12 times as long as broad, with a total of 31–37 setae, including six near anterior margin and 6–7 near posterior margin; six lyrifissures near the eyes, two lyrifissures near posterior margin. Carapace with a slight elevation in the middle of the eye area in lateral view.

CHELICERA ( Figs 46B , 47B ). Fixed finger with 13–14 teeth; movable finger with 7–8 teeth; serrula exterior with 46–50 lamellae; serrula interior with 30–42 lamellae; galea divided into two main branches, one branch secondarily divided into four terminal rami, the other branch secondarily divided into three terminal rami ( Fig. 46E ); rallum consisting of 8–9 blades, all with anteriorly directed spinules, the basalmost blade shortest ( Fig. 46C ).

PEDIPALPS ( Figs 46G–I , 47D–E ). Apex of pedipalpal coxa with six long setae. Femur with a few tubercles prolaterally ( Figs 46I , 47D ); patella smooth ( Figs 46I , 47D ); chelal hand with several small granular processes located distally on the hand and near the base of fingers ( Figs 46G–H , 47D–E ). Trochanter 1.58–2.00, femur 4.60–4.80, patella 3.32–3.70, chela (with pedicel) 4.21–4.72, chela (without pedicel) 3.96–4.51 times as long as broad, movable finger 1.69–1.82 times as long as hand (without pedicel). Fixed chelal finger with 92–97 pointed teeth, movable finger with 80–82 teeth: 46–49 rounded teeth at base and 33–34 pointed in distal position.

ABDOMEN. Tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 6–7: 8–9: 9–11: 9–10: 10–11: 11–12: 10–13: 11–12: 11–12: 11– 12: 10–12, sternal chaetotaxy (IV–XI):18–24: 20–23: 17–19: 16–18: 16–18:14–18: 12–15: 5–6, sternites VI–VIII with 2–3 medial glandular setae; genital area ( Figs 46F , 47C ): sternite II with a total of 17–18 setae and 1–2 lyrifissures; sternite III with a row of 29–32 setae and 1–2 lyrifissures.

LEGS ( Figs 46J–K , 47F–G ). Leg I: trochanter 1.05–1.45, femur 4.13–4.28, patella 3.17–3.43, tibia 4.47– 5.43, basitarsus 3.21–3.50, telotarsus 4.15–4.92 times as long as deep. Leg IV: trochanter 2.38–2.90, femur +patella 4.16–4.40, tibia 6.30–7.14, basitarsus 3.42–3.71, telotarsus 5.88–6.64 times as long as deep; tibia with two submedial tactile setae (TS=0.23–0.25, 0.59–0.64), basitarsus with two tactile setae (TS =0.16–0.18, 0.84–0.86), telotarsus with three tactile setae (TS =0.21–0.26, 0.55, 0.73–0.77).

Measurements (in mm; length/breadth or, for legs, length/depth)

Males (holotype and paratypes)

Body length 4.01–4.49. Carapace 1.54–1.56/1.24–1.26. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.78–0.97/0.46–0.50, femur 1.78–1.87/0.44–0.50, patella 1.56–1.63/0.37–0.39, chela (with pedicel) 3.38–3.50/0.69–0.71, chela (without pedicel) 3.21–3.27/0.69–0.71, hand (without pedicel) length 1.16–1.18, movable finger length 2.21–2.26. Leg I: trochanter 0.45–0.50/0.35–0.40, femur 1.02–1.13/0.34–0.37, patella 0.83– 0.85/0.24–0.27, tibia 0.77–0.83/0.17–0.19, basitarsus 0.48–0.51/0.15, telotarsus 0.50–0.55/0.11–0.12. Leg IV: trochanter 0.61–0.71/0.28–0.30, femur +patella 1.62–1.75/0.37–0.41, tibia 1.42–1.53/0.17– 0.21, basitarsus 0.59–0.65/0.14–0.16, telotarsus 0.89–0.91/0.12–0.15.

Females (paratypes)

Body length 4.43–5.17. Carapace 1.47–1.53/1.37–1.40. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.76–0.86/0.43–0.48, femur 1.95–2.07/0.41–0.45, patella 1.53–1.70/0.44–0.47, chela (with pedicel) 3.59–3.79/0.76–0.90, chela (without pedicel) 3.43–3.56/0.76–0.90, hand (without pedicel) length 1.22–1.37, movable finger length 2.22–2.32. Leg I: trochanter 0.39–0.45/0.31–0.37, femur 0.95–1.08/0.23–0.26, patella 0.72– 0.79/0.21–0.23, tibia 0.76–0.78/0.14–0.17, basitarsus 0.43–0.49/0.13–0.14, telotarsus 0.54–0.64/0.13. Leg IV: trochanter 0.69–0.84/0.29–0.32, femur +patella 1.76–1.87/0.40–0.45, tibia 1.45–1.57/0.22– 0.23, basitarsus 0.62–0.65/0.17–0.19, telotarsus 0.93–1.00/0.14–0.17.

Distribution

China: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

Remarks

This new species is similar to S. biverticis by the presence of two intumescences on the dorsal side of the pedipalp, but can be easily separated by the presence of many small granular protuberances on the pedipalpal chelal hand, mainly surrounding the basal to median area of the prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal sides (in S. biverticis , there are several small granular protuberances located at the distal retrolateral part of the pedipalpal chelal hand). Females of this new species are similar to those of S. bicornuta , S. biverticis , S. cordata , S. dongtianensis , S. gibba and S. papillata , but can be distinguished as follows: the pedipalpal chelal hand has several small granular processes on the protrolateral side ( S. bicornuta , S. biverticis , S. cordata , S. dongtianensis , S. gibba and S. papillata all have a smooth pedipalpal chelal hand); the presence of six long setae on the apex of the pedipalpal coxa (eight in S. bicornuta and S. papillata ); the presence of 92–97 teeth on the pedipalpal movable chelal finger (90–94 in S. papillata ), the presence of 46–49 rounded at the base and 33–34 pointed teeth in the distal position of the pedipalpal movable chelal finger ( S. biverticis with 40–45 rounded at the base and 43–48 pointed teeth in distal position; S. cordata with 37–38 rounded teeth at the base and 42–44 pointed teeth in distal position; S. dongtianensis with 43 rounded teeth at the base and 44–48 pointed teeth in distal position; S. gibba with 39–44 rounded teeth at the base and 40–43 pointed teeth in distal position) ( Guo et al. 2019; Zhao et al. 2024).

Figures

Fig. 1. Distribution map of species of Stenohya Beier, 1967 from China. 1. Stenohya xiningensis Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. 2. Stenohya setulosa Guo & Zhang, 2016. 3. Stenohya bomica Zhao & Zhang, 2011. 4. Stenohya spinata Zhan, Feng & Zhang, 2023. 5. Stenohya qianlei Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 6. Stenohya gibba Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. 7. Stenohya papillata Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. 8. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 9. Stenohya guangmingensis Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. 10. Stenohya jiaxiani Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 11. Stenohya huangi Hu & Zhang, 2012. 12. Stenohya biverticis Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 13. Stenohya pengae Hu & Zhang, 2012. 14. Stenohya hainanensis Guo & Zhang, 2016. 15. Stenohya curvata Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. 16. Stenohya bicornuta Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. 17. Stenohya harveyi Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 18. Stenohya arcuata Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. 19. Stenohya tengchongensis Yang & Zhang, 2013. 20. Stenohya meiacantha Yang & Zhang, 2013. 21. Stenohya jiahensis Li & Shi, 2023. 22. Stenohya cordata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 23. Stenohya ungulata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 24. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. 25. Stenohya dongtianensis Li & Shi, 2023.

Fig. 42. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. A. Holotype, male (dorsal view) (Ps.-MHBU- GX2023112301). B. Paratype, female (dorsal view) (Ps.-MHBU-GX2023112302). Scale bars: 2 mm.

Fig. 43. Live specimens of Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. A. Male. B. Female.

Fig. 44. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov., holotype, male (Ps.-MHBU-GX2023112301). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Right chelicera, dorsal view. C. Rallum D. Subterminal tarsal seta. E. Galea. F. Chaetotaxy of genital area, ventral view. G. Right pedipalpal chela, lateral view, showing trichobothriotaxy and teeth. H. Right pedipalpal chela, dorsal view. I. Right pedipalp (trochanter, femur and patella), dorsal view. J. Right leg I, lateral view. K. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: A, F =0.5 mm; B =0.2 mm; C–E =0.1 mm; G–K =1 mm.

Fig. 45. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov., holotype, male (Ps.-MHBU-GX2023112301). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Right chelicera, dorsal view. C. Right pedipalpal chela, lateral view. D. Right pedipalp, dorsal view (two intumescences on femur in red box). E. Right pedipalpal femur, retrolateral view (two intumescences on femur in red box). F. Genital area, ventral view. G. Right leg I, lateral view. H. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: A, F =0.5 mm; B=0.2 mm; C–E, G–H =1 mm.

Fig. 46. StenohyamargaritaZhao, Guo & Zhangsp. nov., paratype, female (Ps.-MHBU-GX2023112302). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Right chelicera, dorsal view. C. Rallum. D. Subterminal tarsal seta. E. Galea. F. Chaetotaxy of genital area, ventral view. G. Right pedipalpal chela, lateral view, showing trichobothriotaxy and teeth. H. Right pedipalpal chela, dorsal view. I. Right pedipalp (trochanter, femur and patella), dorsal view. J. Right leg I, lateral view. K. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: A, F =0.5 mm; B =0.2 mm; C–E =0.1 mm; G–K =1 mm.

Fig. 47. Stenohyamargarita Zhao, Guo& Zhang sp. nov., paratype, female (Ps.-MHBU-GX2023112302). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Right chelicera, dorsal view. C. Genital area, ventral view. D. Right pedipalp, dorsal view. E. Right pedipalpal chela, lateral view. F. Right leg I, lateral view. G. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: A, C=0.5 mm; B =0.2 mm; D–G =1 mm.

Fig. 69. Male carapaces, lateral views (the red arrows indicate the elevation on the carapace). A. Stenohya curvata Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. B. Stenohya huangi Hu & Zhang, 2012. C. Stenohya bicornuta Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. D. Stenohya meiacantha Yang & Zhang, 2013. E. Stenohya harveyi Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. F. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. G. Stenohya xiningensis Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. H. Stenohya pengae Hu & Zhang, 2012. I. Stenohya setulosa Guo & Zhang, 2016. J. Stenohya tengchongensis Yang & Zhang, 2013. K. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. L. Stenohya jiahensis Li & Shi, 2023. M. Stenohya jiaxiani Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. N. Stenohya spinata Zhan, Feng & Zhang, 2023. O. Stenohya dongtianensis Li & Shi, 2023.P. Stenohya qianleiZhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. Q. Stenohya papillata Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. R. Stenohya ungulata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. S. Stenohya cordata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. T. Stenohya guangmingensis Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. U. Stenohya biverticis Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. V. Stenohya gibba Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. W. Stenohya hainanensis Guo & Zhang, 2016. X. Stenohya arcuata Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 70. Female carapaces, lateral views (the red arrows indicate the elevation on the carapace). A. Stenohya hainanensis Guo & Zhang, 2016. B. Stenohya harveyi Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. C. Stenohya huangi Hu & Zhang, 2012. D. Stenohya jiahensis Li & Shi, 2023. E. Stenohya pengae Hu & Zhang, 2012. F. Stenohya biverticis Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. G. Stenohya ungulata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. H. Stenohya curvata Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011. I. Stenohya meiacantha Yang & Zhang, 2013. J. Stenohya qianlei Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. K. Stenohya tengchongensis Yang & Zhang, 2013. L. Stenohya bicornuta Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. M. Stenohya jiaxiani Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. N. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. O. Stenohya dongtianensis Li & Shi, 2023.P. Stenohya cordata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. Q. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. R. Stenohya guangmingensis Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. S. Stenohya spinata Zhan, Feng & Zhang, 2023. T. Stenohya gibba Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. U. Stenohya arcuata Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019. V. Stenohya papillata Zhao, Guo & Zhang, 2024. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 2. Habitats of some species of Stenohya Beier, 1967. A. Stenohya polygonia Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. B. Stenohya margarita Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. C. Stenohya biverticis Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. D. Stenohya cordata Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. E. Stenohya harveyi Zhao, Guo & Zhang sp. nov. F. Stenohya jiahensis Li & Shi, 2023. G. Stenohya dongtianensis Li & Shi, 2023.