Pieris spinifera, Franco

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 316

5. P. spinifera Franco , loc. cit. (1976).

( Helmintia spinosa auct., non DC., Pieris spinosa auct. lusit., non (DC.) Poiret). Biennial. Stems 20-75 cm, with few to numerous spines and rigid hairs usually confined to the upper part. Leaves with numerous bulbous-based spines and rigid hairs; basal (45-)90-180x(18-)20-60mm, oblanceolate, subobtuse, entire, with a short petiole; lower cauline similar to basal but subsessile, the upper gradually becoming smaller, sessile and semiamplexicaul. Capitula numerous; peduncles with numerous spines, long rigid hairs and shorter, softer hairs. Involucre 10-12x 10-12 mm; outer bracts oblong-elliptical, subobtuse, narrower than inner, with spiny-pectinate margins and a few strong spines along the median line, without rigid hairs; inner bracts twice as long as outer, oblong-lanceolate, acute, with rigid hairs along the median line and a short tomentum near the apex. Achenes with a short beak. Dry, waste places. 9 C. & E.C. Portugal. Lu. Sect, picris . Outer involucral bracts linear-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, similar to inner.