Peltogyne parvifolia Spruce ex Benth., C.F.P.von Martius

Kochanovski, Fabio J., Nogueira, Luan H. P., Rosa, Marcus P. G., Mansano, Vidal F. & Sartori, Ângela L. B., 2025, Taxonomic review of the genus Peltogyne Vogel (Leguminosae, Detarioideae), Phytotaxa 688 (1), pp. 1-68 : 54-56

20. Peltogyne parvifolia Spruce ex Benth., C.F.P.von Martius & auct. Suc. (eds), Fl. Bras. 15(2): 233. 1870.

Holotype:— VENEZUELA. Rio Casiquiare , Vasiva et Pacimoni, 1854, R. Spruce 3333 K000555180 (Holotype: K; Isotypes: BM, BR, NY, P). Fig 25 .

≡ Peltogyne parvifolia var. glabra M.F. Silva (1976:43)

Holotype:— BRAZIL. Amazonas : Rio Negro, 05 March 1944, J. T. Baldwin 3215 (Holotype: IAN!, Isotype: US). syn. nov.

≡ Peltogyne micrantha Ducke (1935:39)

Holotype:—s.l., 23 December 1931, A. Ducke 162 (Holotype: RB!; Isotypes: P, U, US).

Tree, 10–20 m tall, bark smooth, grayish, branches smooth, lenticellate, stipules early deciduous. Leaflets elliptic (obovate when young), not falcate, 6–7.5 × 2.5–5 cm, base rounded, apex acute, sometimes acuminate, glabrous, wax absent on both surfaces, concolorous, petiole 7–10 mm long, petiolule 5–7 mm long, blade not decurrent, pulvinus not dilated, primary vein inconspicuous adaxially and conspicuous abaxially, secondary veins conspicuous on both sides, glands absent. Inflorescence a panicle, terminal, densiflorous, rachis pubescent, 11–14 cm long, inserted in a non-aphyllous branch. Pedicel 3 (4) mm long, bracteoles persistent, tomentose, hypanthium present, 2–3 × 2 mm, obconic. Bud 5–6 × 7–10 mm, sepals deltoid, outer side pubescent, inner side pubescent, margin glabrous, glands absent, petals elliptic to oblong, unguiculate, glabrous, glands present. Stamens of different sizes, antesepalous filaments 4–10 mm long, antepetalous 2–8 mm long. Stipe pilose, 1–2 mm long. Ovary elliptic to orbicular, pubescent, 4–8 mm long, style with terminal insertion, 6–7 mm long. Fruit a legume, indehiscent, orbicular, without a protuberance, compressed, 2.5 × 1.8 cm, stipitate, nectary disc not persistent, glabrous, glands present, veins present, not winged.

Phenology —Collected in flower between November and January and in fruit between March and May.

Distribution and habitat— Peltogyne parvifolia occurs in the Amazon near the Uaupés and Negro rivers, as well as in the Guiana River in Colombia ( Fig 4 ). The species is restricted to the Amazon region.

Taxonomic comments— Peltogyne parvifolia has small leaflets, 6 to 7.5 cm long, and relatively lighter color than other species of the genus. These characteristics make P. parvifolia to be commonly confused with representatives of the genus Hymenaea ( Fernandes 1994) , which in this case can be immediately identified by the attenuated leaf base versus the oblique leaf base in Hymenaea . The color of the leaflets can make the species also be confused with P. floribunda . However, P. parvifolia has a non-decurrent blade, a non-dilated pulvinus and obconic hypanthium. In turn, P. floribunda has a decurrent blade, a dilated pulvinus, and no hypanthium. Ducke (1935) described the species P. micrantha , which Silva (1976) later synonymized as P. parvifolia . We agree with Silva (1976) because the characteristics are insufficient to distinguish the species. Silva (1976) established the variety P. parvifolia var. glabra based on the ovary that was totally glabrous in specimens from Venezuela. However, the analysis of other collections in the region and also digital images ( L. Williams 14406, F) showed that the ovary can be glabrous with very short trichomes or totally glabrous. Therefore, we do not consider varieties for the species.

Etymology—parvus, small; folia, leaf.

Specimens examined — BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Curicuriary, rio Negro , 02 November 1932, A . Ducke RB23849 ( RB!); 27 November 1929, A . Ducke RB23273 ( RB!); 23 December 1931, A . Ducke RB23850 ( RB!); 20 February 1936, A . Ducke RB35098 ( RB!); Rio Içana, Turuí , terra firme, às margens do rio, 29 March 1952, R. L . Fróes 28134 ( IAN!); Rio Xié , mata de igapó, margem do rio, 26 May 1975, N. T . Silva 3880 ( RB!); Presidente Figueiredo, Represa de Balbina on Rio Uatumã , 03 July 1986, W. W . Thomas 5312 ( INPA !); VENEZUELA. Rio Guainía , 17 February 1942, L. L . Williams 14406350 ( RB!) .

Digital images — BRAZIL. Amazonas : Rio Tauari (afluente do rio Negro), lago Uirauaçu, 13 November 1987, M. L . Kawasaki 125 ( K, NY); Balbina, Represa de Balbina on rio Uatumã: E of river, ca. 4 km NE of dam on S-4 road, 03 July 1986, W. W . Thomas 5312 ( NY); R. L . Fróes 28134 ( NY, P); Rio Curicuriary, 23 December 1931, A . Ducke 23850 ( P) .

Vernacular names — Vichada, Purple Heart.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Peltogyne species in floodplains, next to river courses or flooding areas in the Amazon.

FIGURE 25. Peltogyne parvifolia Spruce ex Benth. A, branch with leaflets, and inflorescence (scale: 5 cm). B, flower bud in longitudinal section (scale: 5 cm). C, sepal (scale: 5 mm). D, petal (scale: 5 mm). E, stamens (scale: 5 mm). F, carpel (scale: 5 mm). G, gruit (scale: 2 cm). Illustrated by Fábio Júnior Kochanovski.