Parapterogramma matau, Kuwahara & Marshall & Luk, 2025

Kuwahara, Gregory K., Marshall, Stephen A. & Luk, Stephen P. L., 2025, A revision of Parapterogramma Papp and Pseudopterogramma Papp, with a review of the Parapterogramma genus group of the Pacific and Indomalayan regions (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae, Limosininae), European Journal of Taxonomy 998, pp. 1-124 : 40-44

Parapterogramma matau sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:16D0A4FA-BD8D-4B35-8A43-E967248275D5

Figs 20–22 , 40H , 42

Etymology

This species name (from the Fijian ‘ matau ’, ‘axe’) refers to the axe-shaped posterior lobe of the male surstylus.

Material examined

Holotype

FIJI – Taveuni • ♂; Cakaudrove, Mount Devo, 5.3 km SE of Tavuki Village; 16°50′28″ S, 179°58′05″ W; 1064 m a.s.l.; 31 Jul.–14 Aug. 2004; Schlinger and Tokota’a leg.; Malaise; BPBM.

Paratypes

FIJI – Taveuni • 1 ♀; Cakaudrove, Devo Forest Reserve ; 16°50′ S, 179°59′ E; 800 m a.s.l.; 10–16 Jan. 2003; Irwin, Schlinger, and Tokota’ a leg.; Malaise; BPBM • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Devo Peak; BPBM • 1 ♀; Cakaudrove, Devo Peak Radio Tower ; 16°51′ S, 179°58′ E; 1200 m a.s.l.; 10–17 Oct. 2002; Irwin, Schlinger, and Tokota’ a leg.; rainforest Malaise; BPBM • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 31 Oct.–21 Nov. 2002; BPBM • 1 ♀; Cakaudrove, Tavuki Village, Mount Devo ; 16°49′52″ S, 179°58′48″ W; 734 m a.s.l.; 30 Jun.–14 Aug. 2004; Schlinger and Tokota’a leg.; Malaise; DEBU • 1 ♀; Cakaudrove, Mount Devo, Tavuki Village ; 16°50′13″ S, 179°58′23″ W; 892 m a.s.l.; 14–31 Jul. 2004; Schlinger and Tokota’ a leg.; Malaise; BPBM • 1 ♂; Cakaudrove, Mount Devo , 5.3 km SE of Tavuki Village; 16°50′28″ S, 179°58′05″ W; 1064 m a.s.l.; 10–17 Oct. 2002; Schlinger and Tokota’a leg.; Malaise; DEBU • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 17–24 Oct. 2002; DEBU • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 31 Jul.–14 Aug. 2004; DEBU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 23 Oct.–15 Nov. 2004; P. Vodo leg.; BPBM • 1 ♂; Cakaudrove , 5.5 km SE of Tavuki Village; 16°50′35″ S, 179°57′58″ W; 1188 m a.s.l.; 30 Jun.–14 Aug. 2004; Schlinger and Tokota’a leg.; Malaise; BPBM • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Cakaudrove, 5.6 km SE of Tavuki Village, Mount Devo ; 16°50′35″ S, 179°57′36″ W; 1187 m a.s.l.; 31 Oct.–14 Nov. 2002; Schlinger and Tokota’a leg.; rainforest Malaise; BPBM • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 14– 21 Nov. 2002; BPBM • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 3–10 Jan. 2003; BPBM . – Vanua Levu • 1 ♂; Bua, Kilaka Village ; 16°48′03″ S, 178°59′11″ E; 3–10 Jun. 2004; 146 m a.s.l.; Irwin, Schlinger, and Tokota’ a leg.; Malaise; DEBU • 3 ♂♂; Bua, Kilaka Village ; 16°48′41″ S, 178°59′29″ E; 98 m a.s.l.; 3–10 Jun. 2004; Irwin, Schlinger, and Tokota’ a leg.; Malaise; BPBM • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 28 Jun.–21 Jul. 2004; BPBM • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 16°48′41″ S, 178°59′02″ E; 154 m a.s.l.; 28 Jun.–2 Jul. 2004; BPBM • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Bua, 6 km NW of Kilaka, Batiqere Range ; 16°48′24″ S, 178°59′29″ E; 98 m a.s.l.; 15–28 Jun. 2004; Schlinger and Tokota’a leg.; Malaise; DEBU • 5 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 15–24 Jun. 2004; DEBU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 16°48′55″ S, 178°59′11″ E; 146 m a.s.l.; 13–26 Apr. 2004; BPBM • 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 15–28 Jun. 2004; BPBM • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 28 Jun.–21 Jul. 2004; BPBM • 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 16°48′40″ S, 178°59′17″ E; 61 m a.s.l.; 3–10 Jun. 2004; BPBM • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 16°43′54″ S, 178°59′59″ E; 113 m a.s.l.; 3–15 Jun. 2004; DEBU • 1 ♂; Macuata , 0.4 km S of Rokosalase Village; 16°31′55″ S, 179°01′08″ E; 118 m a.s.l.; 23 Apr.–8 May 2004; Schlinger and Tokota’a leg.; Malaise; DEBU • 1 ♂; Macuata , 0.6 km S of Rokosalase Village; 16°32′00″ S, 179°01′05″ E; 180 m a.s.l.; 22 May–8 Jun. 2004; Schlinger and Tokota’ a leg.; Malaise in forest; BPBM . – Viti Levu • 1 ♀; Naitasiri, 4 km WSW of Colo-I-Suva Village, Mount Nakobalevu ; 18°03′18″ S, 178°25′26″ E; 372 m a.s.l.; 25 Feb.–17 Mar. 2003; Schlinger and Tokota’ a leg.; Malaise; DEBU • 1 ♀; Naitasiri, 3.8 km N of Veisari Settlement, logging road to Waivudawa ; 18°04′44″ S, 178°21′47″ E; 300 m a.s.l.; 25 Apr.–25 May 2003; 300 m a.s.l.; Schlinger and Tokota’ a leg.; Malaise; BPBM .

Description

BODY ( Fig. 20 ). Length 1.2–1.5 mm. Head dark brown with silvery microtomentum limited to bases of interfrontal and orbital bristles, ocellar triangle, lunule, and around inner vertical bristle; gena yellow; antenna yellow-brown. Frontal width 1.5× interfrontal height. Eye height 2.5× genal height. Thorax brown. Scutum with grey and brown microtomentum in presutural half forming two dark longitudinal stripes, lateral margins broadly dark brown, posterior margin with a pair of dark brown microtomentose marks; scutellum brown with median, dark brown microtomentose triangle. Anterior dorsocentral bristles separated by 9–10 rows of acrostichal setulae. Legs brown, mid and hind femora apically pale, tarsi and fore tibia paler. Male mid tibia with long apicoventral bristle and a row of ventral setae along apical two-thirds. Wing ( Fig. 40H ) pattern weak. CS2 0.5× CS3. R 2+3 broadly curved in apical half, angled at ~60° to costa; costa extending well beyond apex of R 4+5 (6–7× costal width). M 1 and M 4 both lacking (thus cell dm with rounded corners); CuA+CuP long. Halter whitish.

MALE ABDOMEN ( Fig. 21 ). S5 broad with a very large, posteromedial emargination, and long, dense posterolateral setae. S6 with an elongate, strongly sinuate ventrolateral apodeme extending underneath the medial part of S5, apex with a dark dorsal knob; S7 broad. Epandrium small, wedge-shaped and sparsely long-setose laterally; cercus flat, rectangular, ventrally projecting as a small triangular lobe, with a medial patch of setulae surrounding a very large seta; subepandrial sclerite rectangular, indistinct but medially darkened. Surstylus long but low, bilobed: anterior lobe larger, subrectangular, with three long ventral setae and several setulae along posteroventral margin, posterior lobe subrectangular with preapical constriction, resembling an axe head, apex with an anterior seta and several setulae. Postgonite elongate, sinuate and strongly bent about midlength, apex bifurcate with a flattened, truncate outer lobe and a tapered inner lobe. Phallapodeme elongate, slightly sinuate with distinctly bent apex; basiphallus wedge-shaped with a slender, sinuate, tapered epiphallus. Distiphallus stout, largely membranous, basal half with a broad, Y-shaped upper sclerite, apex with large lateral flaps supported by lateral extensions of the basal sclerite, lower surface almost entirely papillate.

FEMALE ABDOMEN ( Fig. 22 ). T6 and T7 rectangular, slightly desclerotized anteromedially and long-setose along posterior margin; T8 desclerotized medially and split into two large lateral plates with long lateral setae. Epiproct membranous, indistinct. S6 rectangular, desclerotized posteromedially; S7 broadly emarginate anteriorly and posteriorly and long-setose along posterior margin; S8 subtriangular, anteriorly projecting slightly into emargination of S7, with a V-shaped row of longer setae and a transverse row of small setae. Hypoproct reduced, rectangular, largely membranous with four small setae. Spermathecae stout, subcylindrical, slightly wider at base, lightly grooved with deep invaginations on both ends, stem very short and membranous.

Remarks

Parapterogramma matau sp. nov. differs from the externally similar Pa. peckorum sp. nov. and Pa. tokotaai sp. nov. in lacking a distinct M 4 beyond dm-m. It is generally larger and darker than the latter species and further differs by genitalic characters including the axe-shaped posterior surstylar lobe and truncate postgonite.

Figures

Fig. 20. Parapterogramma matau sp. nov., holotype (debu00107949, BPBM). A. Male habitus, lateral view. B. Male head, anterodorsal view. Scale bars: A = 0.50 mm; B = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 21. Parapterogramma matau sp. nov., paratype (DEBU). A. Male terminalia, posterior view. B. Male terminalia, lateral view. C. Aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view. D. Male S5–8, ventral view. Scale bars: A–D = 0.10 mm.

Fig. 22. Parapterogramma matau sp. nov., paratype (BPBM). A. Female terminalia, dorsal view. B. Female terminalia, ventral view. C. Female terminalia, lateral view. D. Single spermatheca. E. Paired spermathecae. Scale bars: A–C = 0.30 mm; D–E = 0.01 mm.

Fig. 40. Parapterogramma Papp, 2008, left wings, ventral views. A. Parapterogramma asiaticum Papp, 2008 (LKCNHM). B. Parapterogramma bicolor sp. nov., paratype (BPBM). C. Parapterogramma dentatum sp. nov., holotype (DEBU). D. Parapterogramma digitisternum sp. nov., paratype (DEBU). E. Parapterogramma gonitellum sp. nov., paratype (DEBU). F. Parapterogramma hieroglyphicum sp. nov., paratype (BPBM). G. Parapterogramma magnum sp. nov., paratype (QMBA). H. Parapterogramma matau sp. nov., paratype (DEBU). Scale bars: A–H = 0.50 mm.

Fig. 42. Distribution map of Parapterogramma Papp, 2008.