Guatteria ramiflora (D.R.Simpson) Erkens & Maas — Plate, 2008

Maas, P. J. M., Westra, L. Y. T., Guerrero, S. Arias, Lobão, A. Q., Scharf, U., Zamora, N. A. & Erkens, R. H. J., 2015, Confronting a morphological nightmare: revision of the Neotropical genus Guatteria (Annonaceae), Blumea 60 (1), pp. 1-219 : 142

131. Guatteria ramiflora (D.R.Simpson) Erkens & Maas — Plate 6g, h; Map 27

Guatteria ramiflora (D.R.Simpson) Erkens & Maas (2008) 404. — Guatteriopsis ramiflora D.R. Simpson (1982) 305. — Type: Schunke V. 3924 (holo F; iso COL, F, G 2 sheets, K, MO, P, S, U, US), Peru, San Martín , Prov. Mariscal Caceres, Tocache Nuevo, Quebrada de Ishichimi (Fundo Retiro), 15 Apr. 1970.

Tree 8–45 m tall, 10–40 cm diam; young twigs rather densely covered with appressed hairs, very soon glabrous. Leaves: petiole 10–35 mm long, 3–6 mm diam; lamina elliptic to obovate or narrowly so, 15–35 by 6–15 cm (leaf index 1.6–2.6), coria- ceous, not verruculose, shiny, greyish to blackish brown above, brown below, sparsely covered with appressed to erect hairs mainly along veins to soon glabrous above, rather densely to sparsely covered with appressed hairs below, base acute to obtuse, strongly attenuate into a winged petiole, apex acuminate (acumen 10–15 mm long), primary vein impressed above, often keeled below, secondary veins distinct, 20–30 on either side of primary vein, impressed above, smallest distance between loops and margin 2–3 mm, tertiary veins slightly raised above, more or less percurrent. Flowers in 1–5-flowered inflorescences, in axils of leaves or on leafless branchlets; pedicels 20–30 mm long, 1–2 mm diam, fruiting pedicels 2–4 mm diam, rather densely to finally sparsely covered with appressed hairs, articulated at 0.2–0.6 from the base, bracts 5–7, soon falling, the basal ones broadly elliptic to broadly ovate, c. 2 mm long, the upper ones ellliptic, c. 7 mm long, occasionally foliaceous bracts present, elliptic, c. 25 mm long; flower buds broadly ovoid, slightly pointed or not; sepals free, broadly elliptic-ovate, 7–9 by 5–7 mm, eventually reflexed, outer side densely covered with appressed hairs; petals green, maturing yellowish green to orange-green to brown in vivo, elliptic to broadly elliptic, 15– 25 by 9–17 mm, outer side densely covered with appressed, curly hairs; stamens 1.5–2 mm long, connective shield papillate, umbonate to flat. Monocarps 50–75, green, maturing black in vivo, black in sicco, ellipsoid, 11–13 by 5–6 mm, glabrous, apex apiculate (apiculum <0.5 mm long), wall 0.2–0.4 mm thick, stipes 20–35 by 0.5–1 mm. Seed ellipsoid, 9–12 by 5– 6 mm, pale brown, pitted, raphe raised.

Distribution — Amazonian Colombia (Amazonas), Ecuador (Morona-Santiago, Napo, Pastaza), Peru (Cusco, Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín , Ucayali), Brazil (Acre).

Habitat & Ecology — In non-inundated, primary forest, rarely in várzea forest ( Brazil) or once in campinarana vegetation ( Brazil), on white sands, rarely on clayey soil. At elevations of 0–1100 m. Flowering: mainly from September to March; fruiting: throughout the year.

Vernacular names — Brazil: Envira-cajú (Figueiredo 803), Envira-da-folha-grande ( Silveira et al. 852). Ecuador: Chiwiach- im (Shuar name) (M. Aulestia & Gonti 1915), Oñitahua (Huaorani name) (M. Aulestia & Bainca 3088), Oñitahue (Huaorani name) (M. Aulestia & Gonti 1965, M. Aulestia & Quihuinamo 3206), Oñitahuemo (Huaorani name) (M. Aulestia & Gonti 3173). Peru: Auca hicoja (Schunke V. 14100), Carahuasca (Reynel R. 3).

Note — Guatteria ramiflora is well marked by a very long, winged petiole, combined with leaves with a large number of secondary veins, and often percurrent tertiary veins.

Figures

Plate 6 a. Guatteria oblongifolia Rusby. Fruit. – b, c. Guatteria oliviformis Donn. Sm. b. Flowering branch; c. fruit. – d, e. Guatteria ouregou (Aubl.) Dunal. d. Part of flowering branch;e.fruit.– f. Guatteria pichinchae Maas & Westra.Flowering branch,fruit,two monocarps in ls.– g, h. Guatteria ramiflora (D.R.Simpson) Erkens & Maas. g. Flowering branch; h. flowers, detail of g (a: Neill et al. 15848; b: Maas et al. 8001; c: Maas et al. 9510; d, e: Maas & Maas-van de Kamer 9304; f: Cornejo & Montenegro 8355, type coll.; g, h: Maas et al. 8270). — Photos: a: D. Neill; b, c–e, g, h: P.J.M. Maas; f: X. Cornejo.