Guatteria procera R.E.Fr.

Maas, P. J. M., Westra, L. Y. T., Guerrero, S. Arias, Lobão, A. Q., Scharf, U., Zamora, N. A. & Erkens, R. H. J., 2015, Confronting a morphological nightmare: revision of the Neotropical genus Guatteria (Annonaceae), Blumea 60 (1), pp. 1-219 : 138

128. Guatteria procera R.E.Fr. — Fig. 54e , 62 ; Map 27

Guatteria procera R.E.Fr. (1948a) 230. — Type: Forest Department British Guiana 3676 = Fanshawe 940 (holo K 2 sheets; iso FDG, K 2 sheets, NY, P, S, U), Guyana, Lower Essequibo River , Barbara Creek, 26 Nov. 1942.

Guatteria brachypoda R.E.Fr. (1948a) 231. — Type: Forest Department British Guiana 3474 = Fanshawe 738 (holo K 3 sheets; iso FDG, NY, S, U), Guyana, Mazaruni Station , 23 June 1942.

Guatteria williamsii R.E.Fr. (1950a) 332. — Type: Ll. Williams 15559 (holo S; iso F, G, NY, RB, US 2 sheets, VEN), Venezuela, Amazonas, Upper Río Casiquiare, Capibara (‘Capihuara’), 120 m, 26 May 1942.

Tree 3–27 m tall, 4–90 cm diam; young twigs densely covered with erect, brown hairs, eventually glabrous. Leaves: petiole 4–11 mm long, 1–2 mm diam; lamina narrowly elliptic to nar- rowly ovate, 8–17 by 3–6 cm (leaf index 2.3–3.9), chartaceous, not verruculose, shiny and dark brown above, paler brown below, sparsely covered with erect hairs above, but primary vein mostly densely covered with erect hairs, densely to sparsely covered with erect (rarely appressed in part) hairs below, base attenuate to obtuse, apex acute to acuminate (acumen 5–25 mm long), primary vein slightly raised or flat above, secondary veins distinct, 10–15 on either side of primary vein, slightly raised to flat above, smallest distance between loops and margin 2–5 mm, tertiary veins slightly raised above, reticulate. Flowers in 1(–2)-flowered inflorescences in axils of leaves, rarely on leafless branchlets; pedicels 12–25 mm long, 1–1.5 mm diam, fruiting pedicels to c. 2 mm diam, densely covered with appressed to erect hairs, articulated at 0.2–0.5 from the base, bracts c. 5, soon falling, broadly ovate to broadly elliptic, basal bracts c. 1.5 mm long, uppermost bracts to c. 6 mm long; flower buds broadly ovoid to broadly ellipsoid; sepals free or basally connate, broadly ovate-triangular, 4–6 by 3–7 mm, re- flexed, outer side densely covered with appressed, pale brown hairs; petals green, yellow, or cream in vivo, narrowly obovate to obovate, 15–21 by 5 –10 mm, outer side densely to sparsely covered with appressed hairs; stamens 1–1.5 mm long, con- nective shield papillate, flat or slightly umbonate. Monocarps 20–50, maturing black in vivo, brown to black in sicco, ellipsoid, 8–12 by 4–6 mm, sparsely covered with appressed hairs, apex apiculate (apiculum 0.2–0.5 mm long), wall 0.1–0.2 mm thick, stipes (10–)15–25 by 0.5–1 mm. Seed narrowly ellipsoid to narrowly ovoid, 8–11 by 3–5 mm, pale to dark brown, pitted to transversely grooved, raphe impressed.

Distribution — Amazonian Venezuela (Amazonas), Guyana, Suriname, Amazonian Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia).

Habitat & Ecology — In non-inundated, primary or secondary forest, or savanna, ‘on peat and granite, or on granite boulders’. At elevations of 100–1100 m. Flowering: March, June, August, September, November; fruiting: June, August, September.

Vernacular names — Guyana: Smooth skin arara (Arawak name) (Forest Department British Guiana 3474 = Fanshawe 738, Forest Department British Guiana 3676 = Fanshawe 940). Suriname: Boszuurzak (Surinamese name). Venezuela: Majagua (Ll. Williams 15559).

Note — Guatteria procera and G. monticola , published a few years later by Fries (1952a), look very similar, but are distinct in a number of features. In G. procera , most notably, the primary vein is flat or even slightly raised above, while in G. monticola the primary vein is impressed. The hairs on the lower side of the leaves of G. procera are erect (or rarely appressed on part of the lower surface only), while these hairs are clearly appressed in G. monticola . Further differences, though less conspicuous, may be noted as well: G. procera – young twigs with erect hairs, leaf base varying from attenuate to obtuse, smallest distance between loops of secondary veins and leaf margin 2–5 mm; G. monticola – young twigs with appressed to erect hairs, leaf base acute, smallest distance between loops of secondary veins and margin 1–2 mm.

Figures

Fig. 54 a. Guatteria oriximinae Maas & Westra. Fruit. – b. Guatteria pachycarpa Erkens & N.Zamora. Monocarp in cross section. – c, d. Guatteria paludosa R.E.Fr. c. Flowers;d. flower buds and bracts. – e. Guatteria procera R.E.Fr. Fruit. – f. Guatteria revoluta Maas & Westra. Rvolute leaf base, fruit and incomplete flower. – g. Guatteria rigida R.E.Fr. Fruit. – h. Guatteria ruboides Maas & Westra. Fruit (a: Cid et al. 9654, U; b: G. Herrera C. 5227, U; c, d: McDowell et al. 4815, U; e: Sperling et al. 6227, U; f: Vásquez & Jaramillo 8024, isotype U [sheet 2]; g: Anderson et al. 106, U; h: Vásquez & Jaramillo 8025, isotype AAU).

Fig. 62 Guatteria procera R.E.Fr. Flowering branch (Teixeira et al. 906, U).