Diglyphus albifemur Liu, Hansson & Guo, 2025

Wan, Wei-Jie, Hansson, Christer, Guo, Jian-Yang & Liu, Wan-Xue, 2025, A new species of Diglyphus Walker (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China, with notes on its biology and a key to the Chinese species, ZooKeys 1257, pp. 327-337 : 327-337

Diglyphus albifemur Liu, Hansson & Guo sp. nov.

Figs 1 , 2 , 3

Material.

Holotype: • ♀ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City; 40°10'34"N, 94°43'56"E; 4 June 2023; Bao-Wei Huo leg.; reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Clematis orientalis , deposited in CAS (accession number, IOZ (E) 224808 ) . Paratypes (deposited in IPP): • 3 ♀ 1 ♂ with same label data as holotype (accession numbers, IPP (Da) PL 1 – IPP (Da) PL 4 ) ; • 1 ♀ China, Shandong Province, Yantai City, 37°17'26"N, 121°33'46"E, 21 May 2017, Qin-Min Yang leg., reared from leaves of Sonchus oleraceus (accession numbers, IPP (Da) MP 1 ) ; • 5 ♀ China, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Kashi City , 39°19'25"N, 76°01'11"E, 25 July 2017, Jun Zhong leg., reared from leaves of Clematis orientalis (accession numbers, IPP (Da) SL 1 – IPP (Da) SL 5 ) ; • 1 ♀ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City, 40°07'04"N, 94°37'55"E, 18 June 2018, Su-Jie Du leg., reared from leaves of Pisum sativum (accession numbers, IPP (Da) QL 1 ) ; • 1 ♂ China, Heilongjiang Province, Jiagedaqi District, 50°25'09"N, 91°46'29"E, 6 July 2018, Xin-Fei Cheng leg., reared from Phytomyza horticola on leaves of Pisum sativum (accession numbers, IPP (Da) GG 1 ) ; • 3 ♀ 3 ♂ China, Xizang, Shannan City, 29°14'21"N, 91°46'28"E, 4 August 2018, Yu-Jun Zhong leg., reared from Phytomyza horticola and Liriomyza huidobrensis on leaves of Lepidium latifolium (accession numbers, IPP (Da) SN 1 – IPP (Da) SN 6 ) ; • 1 ♀ China, Neimenggu Autonomous Region, Bayannur , 40°45'55"N, 107°24'07"E, 7 September 2018, Su-Jie Du leg., reared from Phytomyza horticola on leaves of Solanum nigrum (accession numbers, IPP (Da) LH 1 ) .

Additional material (deposited in IPP).

26 ♀ 16 ♂ China, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture , 39°56'53"N, 75°33'28"E, 30 June 2018, Xiao-Qing Xian leg., reared from leaves of Raphanus sativus (accession numbers, IPP (Da) KZ 1 – IPP (Da) KZ 42 ) ; • 4 ♀ China, Neimenggu Autonomous Region, Alxa League , 41°56'32"N, 101°03'32"E, 8 September 2018, Su-Jie Du leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Vigna unguiculata (accession numbers, IPP (Da) EJ 1 – IPP (Da) EJ 4 ) ; • 10 ♀ 1 ♂ China, Neimenggu Autonomous Region, Alxa League, 41°56'32"N, 101°03'32"E, 8 September 2018, Su-Jie Du leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Raphanus sativus (accession numbers, IPP (Da) AL 1 – IPP (Da) AL 11 ) ; • 2 ♀ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City , 40°09'54"N, 94°41'14"E, 25 September 2022, Su-Jie Du leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Clematis orientalis (accession numbers, IPP (Da) ZH 1 – IPP (Da) ZH 2 ) ; • 15 ♀ 33 ♂ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City, 40°15'11"N, 94°45'22"E, 2 June 2023, Bao-Wei Huo leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Clematis orientalis (accession numbers, IPP (Da) DH 1 – IPP (Da) DH 48 ) ; • 10 ♀ 17 ♂ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City , 35°18'48"N, 107°02'35"E, 3 June 2023, Bao-Wei Huo leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Clematis orientalis (accession numbers, IPP (Da) CX 1 – IPP (Da) CX 17 ) ; • 16 ♀ 16 ♂ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City , 40°10'03"N, 94°42'52"E, 4 June 2023, Bao-Wei Huo leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Clematis orientalis (accession numbers, IPP (Da) JQ 1 – IPP (Da) JQ 32 ) ; • 2 ♀ 8 ♂ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City , 40°09'59"N, 94°42'31"E, 4 June 2023, Bao-Wei Huo leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Clematis orientalis (accession numbers, IPP (Da) HZ 1 – IPP (Da) HZ 10 ) ; • 121 ♀ 224 ♂ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City , 40°09'59"N, 94°43'17"E, 4 June 2023, Bao-Wei Huo leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Clematis orientalis (accession numbers, IPP (Da) QS 1 – IPP (Da) QS 345 ) ; • 24 ♀ 30 ♂ with same label data as holotype ; • 13 ♀ 25 ♂ China, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City , 40°09'46"N, 94°43'19"E, 4 June 2023, Bao-Wei Huo leg., reared from Phytomyza vitalbae on leaves of Clematis orientalis (accession numbers, IPP (Da) AD 1 – IPP (Da) AD 38 ) .

Diagnosis.

Scape entirely white, with only the apex slightly infuscate (Fig. 3 B ). With yellow marking on the ocellus (Fig. 3 A ). Mesosoma and metasoma metallic green with golden luster (Figs 1 , 3 A ). Fore wing speculum bare; postmarginal vein 1.55 × as long as stigmal vein in the female, and 1.50 × in the male. All femora white, except for the narrowly infuscate base of the hind femur in the female, occasionally dark brown in basal ½ in the male; all tibiae white.

Description.

Female (Fig. 1 ). Body length 1.54 mm. Fore wing length 1.07 mm. Scape white with apex infuscate. Pedicel dark brown. Flagellum brown, with antennal sensilla yellowish. Head dark brown with golden-green luster, and with yellow markings on the ocellus. Eyes red and ocelli brown. Mandibles pale brown. Pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum, dorsellum, and propodeum metallic green. Coxae dark brown with golden-green reflections; femora white, hind femora with base infuscate; tibiae white; fore tarsi dusky, mid and hind tarsi with tarsomeres 1–3 white, 4 dark brown. Wings hyaline, veins yellowish. Female gaster metallic green with golden or bronze luster, but male gaster dark brown with golden-green reflections.

Head (Fig. 3 A, C ). Head length 0.50 × width in dorsal view (Fig. 3 A ). Antennal flagellum with two funiculars and three clavomeres; scape 4.17 × as long as broad and 2.50 × as long as pedicel; pedicel 1.67 × as long as broad; F 1 1.18 × and F 2 1.10 × as long as broad, F 1 1.68 × as long as F 2; clava 2.83 × as long as broad, 1.09 × as long as scape (Fig. 3 B ). Antennal toruli situated above the level of lower margin of eyes. POL 1.86 × OOL. Malar sulcus present; malar space 0.47 × eye height (Fig. 3 C ). Frons and vertex with distinct reticulation. Eyes with sparse and short setae. Maxillary palpi with two segments.

Mesosoma (Fig. 3 A ). Pronotum 0.46 × as long as mesoscutum. Mesoscutum 1.14 × as long as scutellum; mid lobe with two pairs of long setae; notauli incomplete. Scutellum as long as broad, with straight sublateral grooves and two pairs of setae. Setae on mesoscutum and scutellum dark brown. Dorsellum with reticulation. Propodeum obviously shorter than scutellum and without median carina; propodeal callus with three setae.

Wings (Fig. 3 E ). Fore wing 1.76 × as long as wide; with seven setae on dorsal surface of submarginal vein. Speculum almost bare, with a few scattered setae. Costal cell with two rows of setae, including 16 setae at the base and an incomplete row with 14 setae in apical part. Postmarginal vein 1.55 × as long as stigmal vein. Cubital vein straight at base.

Metasoma (Fig. 3 D ). Petiole inconspicuous. Gaster short ovate, 1.57 × as long as wide in dorsal view; apex acute. Tip of ovipositor sheaths visible in dorsal view.

Male (Fig. 2 ). Similar to the female, but generally smaller. Body length 1.5 mm. Hind femora completely white to occasionally with basal ½ dark brown. Gastral tergites mainly black, tergites 1 and 7 with golden-green reflections. Head 0.56 × as long as wide in dorsal view. POL 2.40 × OOL. Scape 4.0 × as long as broad, 2.0 × as long as pedicel. Pedicel 2.50 × as long as broad. F 1 2.20 × and F 2 1.46 × as long as broad, F 1 1.38 × as long as F 2. Clava 3.0 × as long as broad, 2.05 × as long as scape and 2.81 × as long as F 2. Fore femora with basal ½ dark brown. Mesoscutum 1.67 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum as long as broad. Fore wing 1.80 × as long as wide. Postmarginal vein 1.50 × as long as stigmal vein. Gaster 2.03 × as long as wide in dorsal view.

Hosts and biology.

The new species was reared mainly from Phytomyza vitalbae Kaltenbach on leaves of Clematis orientalis L.; a few specimens were reared from Phytomyza horticola Goureau on leaves of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. and Raphanus sativus L. Other Eulophidae species that were reared from the above leaf-miners include: Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood) , Diglyphus isaea (Walker) , D. wani Liu, Zhu & Yefremova , D. pusztensis (Erdös & Novicky) , and Closterocerus lyonetiae (Ferrière) .

Distribution.

China ( Gansu, Heilongjiang, Neimenggu, Shandong, Xizang, and Xinjiang).

Etymology.

The species name is derived from a combination of the Latin albus (white) and femur, referring to the main colour of femora.

Comments.

Diglyphus albifemur is similar to D. clematidis Navone & Hansson , but D. albifemur differs from D. clematidis in having: (1) mesoscutum and scutellum golden-green (purple, or golden-green with purplish reflections in D. clematidis ); (2) postmarginal vein 1.50–1.55 × as long as stigmal vein (postmarginal vein 1.1 × as long as stigmal vein in D. clematidis ); (3) wing veins in male not enlarged (male marginal vein distinctly enlarged in D. clematidis ); (4) tergites of male gaster mainly black, tergites 1, 6, and 7 with golden-green reflections (male gaster with a large pale spot subbasally in D. clematidis ).

Molecular analysis.

Five haplotypes were detected from six specimen of Diglyphus albifemur sp. nov., based on COI. The COI sequence of D. albifemur sp. nov. was uploaded to GenBank (GenBank accession numbers PV 920650 – PV 920655 ).

Figures

Figure 1. Diglyphus albifemur sp. nov. female, holotype, habitus. A. Dorsal view; B. Dorsal view.

Figure 2. Diglyphus albifemur sp. nov. male, paratype, habitus. A. Dorsal view; B. Dorsal view.

Figure 3. Diglyphus albifemur sp. nov. A. Female paratype, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; B. Female paratype, antenna, lateral view; C. Female paratype, head, lateral view; D. Female paratype, metasoma, dorsal view; E. Female paratype, right fore and hind wings.