Curvie chiapensis, Zhang & Cong & Shen & Song & Grishin, 2025

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui, Song, Leina & Grishin, Nick V., 2025, Advancing butterfly systematics through genomic analysis, The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 12 (5), pp. 1-201 : 19-20

Curvie chiapensis Grishin, new species

http://zoobank.org/ 99F3F7E6-AB3D-4C04-AD4E-A44E87FCA079

( Figs. 11 part, 15)

Definition and diagnosis. This new species from Chiapas, Mexico, is sister to all other species of Curvie Grishin, 2019 (type species Symmachia emesia Hewitson, 1867 ) and is more strongly differentiated genetically from them ( Fig. 11 magenta vs. others), e.g., COI barcodes differ between the new species and a specimen of Curvie yucatanensis (Godman & Salvin, 1886) , stat. rest. (type locality in Mexico, Yucatán) from Chiapas by 6.4% (42 bp). The new species differs from its relatives by more angular wings with a more strongly hooked forewing apex; only two, not three, pale spots by the forewing costa in males, which also have a rustier, redder, and darker ventral side of the wings with a less defined dark pattern; a darker, grayer, less saturated color of the dorsal side of the wings in females, which in addition have a wider pale patch by the forewing costa, more weakly separated into three spots; and a more contrasting paler (rusty) apical spot on the forewing. Due to unexplored individual variation, most reliable identification is achieved by DNA, and a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: cne10339.2.10:A99T, cne10339.2.10:A114C, cne3135.7.1:T1353C, cne3135.7.1:G1362A, cne 2156.9.4:A84T; and COI barcode: T103C, A202G, T238C, T487C, T574A.

Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-23116C07, GenBank PV549982, 658 base pairs: AACATTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACATCTTTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAATAGAATTAGGAACTTCAGGTTCTTTAATTGGAGACGATCAAATTTATAATACT ATTGTAACAGCCCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGATTAGTGCCATTAATATTAGGGGCCCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCCCGAA TAAATAACATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCTCCTTCTTTATTTTTATTAATTTCAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTGTACCCCCCACTTTCTTCTAATATCGC TCATGGAGGATCATCAGTTGATTTAGCTATTTTTTCCTTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACCACTATTATTAATATACGTATTAATAATTTATCT TTCGATCAAATACCTTTATTTATTTGATCAGTAGGTATTACCGCTCTTTTACTTTTATTATCTTTACCTGTTTTAGCGGGTGCTATTACAATATTATTAACTGATCGTAATCTTAATACAT CATTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT

Type material. Holotype: ♂ currently deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA ( USNM), illustrated in Fig. 15a, bears the following four printed (text in italics handwritten) rectangular labels, three white: [ T. Escalante | Las Delicias | Chis-VII- 69], [A. C. Allyn | Acc. 1973–48], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-23116C07 | c/o Nick V. Grishin ], and one red [HOLOTYPE ♂ | Curvie chiapensis | Grishin ]. Paratype: 1♀ NVG-23116C08 Mexico, Chiapas, Santa Rosa Comitán , Apr-1959, T. Escalante leg. [ USNM] ( Fig. 15b).

Type locality. Mexico: Chiapas, Las Delicias .

Etymology. The name is given for the type locality and is an adjective.

Distribution. Currently known only from Chiapas in Mexico.