Chamaecrista tomentella Afr. Fern. ex Carv.-Bastos & Rando, 2025
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.702.2.6 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4743AC69-1006-FF97-FF01-FC441F3D9F10 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Chamaecrista tomentella Afr. Fern. ex Carv.-Bastos & Rando |
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1. Chamaecrista tomentella Afr. Fern. ex Carv.-Bastos & Rando , sp. nov.
Type:— BRAZIL. Goiás: Posse, 30 January 1978, A. Fernandes & F. Matos s/n (holotype: EAC n° 3638 image!). Figs 1F–K View FIGURE 1 , 2A–D View FIGURE 2 .
Remakes: —The material used for the description of Chamaecrista tomentella mentions the type locality as “Goiânia, Posse”, both municipalities belonging to the state of Goiás (Fernandes & Matos, 2005), approximately 420 km apart in a straight line. Additionally, the two specimens ( EAC n° 3636 and EAC n° 3638) lack assigned collector numbers, making it impossible to determine whether they are duplicates. However, they were collected on the same day by the same collectors. Therefore, we designate the municipality of Posse as the type locality of the species, considering that, out of the six available records ( EAC n° 3636, EAC n° 3638, HUEFS n°133, CEN n°1327), four explicitly refer to the municipality of Posse.
Description:— Erect subshrub, ca. 60 cm tall, branches tomentose. Stipules 9–10 × 4–6 mm, oval, acuminate apex, rounded base, margin entire, ciliolate. Leaves with petiole 4–12 mm long, densely tomentose; 2-pairs of leaflets, proximal pair relatively smaller than the distal one, 2.3–3.2 × 3.2–3.4 cm, obovate to oblong-obovate, rounded apex, base oblique, margin entire, ciliolate, chartaceous, abaxial surface tomentose and adaxial pubescent; extrafloral nectaries 1 or 2, sessile, on the base of petiole and between of the proximal pairs of leaflets. Inflorescence axillary raceme, reduced to a single flower; pedicel 5–12 mm long; bracts 2, persistent, 2–3 × 1.2–2 mm oval-elliptical, membranaceous; bracteoles 2, persistent, 5–6 × 2–3 mm, lanceolate to oval, inserted below the calyx; sepals 5, unequal, 2 external 2–4 mm long, ovate, 3 internal, 11–12 × 4–6 mm, lanceolate, abaxial surface tomentose, multistriated with parallel veins; petals 5, 4 external, 20–25 × 5–8 mm, ovate, 1 innermost petal cucullate 14–23 × 4–10 mm, obovate; stamens 10, anthers 6–8 mm long; ovary 8–9 mm long, tomentose, style, 7–8 mm long, glabrous Fruits 4 × 8 cm, oblong, tomentose.
Additional specimens examined (Paratypes):— BRAZIL. Goiás: Goiânia, Posse, 30 January 1978, A. Fernandes & F. Matos s/n (EAC n° 3636 image!). Goiás: Posse, 30 January 1978, Fernandes & F. Matos 5759 (UFRN Image!). Goiás: Posse, arredores da cidade, 15 January 2004, Machado, M & M. V. M Oliveira, 133 (HUEFS Image!). Piauí: Barreiras do Piauí: Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba, Serra Vermelha, 9°54’16”S, 45°49’42”W, 18 March 2023, M.C.C. Bastos et al. 116 (CCAA!, UB!). Tocantins: São Félix do Tocantins, Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba, PNNRP, Cachoeira do Prata, 10°12’22”S, 46°28’35”W, 16 March 2023, M.C.C. Bastos et al. 88 (CCAA!, UB!).
Nomenclatural notes:— Fernandes & Nunes (2005) proposed Chamaecrista tomentella based on two specimens from Goiás state, EAC n° 3636 and EAC n° 3638, in disagreement with Article 40.2 of the INC ( Turland et al. 2018) making this name invalid. Here we chose to maintain the same name and attribute the species authorship to the original authors to promote nomenclatural stability. We designate specimen EAC n° 3638 as holotype as it has both flowers and fruits.
Distribution, habitat and phenology:— Chamaecrista tomentella was originally described as endemic to the state of Goiás, Central-West region of Brazil. The species was recently collected in the states of Tocantins and Piauí during a floristic survey at Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba National Park. Flowers and fruit were seen between January and March.
Taxonomy notes:— Chamaecrista tomentella can be recognized by the tomentose indument on the branches, leaves, calyx and fruits, alongside the two pairs of f leaflets ( Fig. 1D View FIGURE 1 ) measuring 2.3–3.2 × 3.2–3.4 cm, and two extrafloral nectaries on the petiole ( Fig. 1I View FIGURE 1 ). Chamaecrista tomentella belongs to C. sect. Xerocalyx (Bentham 1982: 862) Irwin & Barneby (1964: 44) and resembles C. transversa , described below. These can be distinguished by the larger tomentose leaflets, ciliated leaf margin and the sepal with tomentose indumentum abaxially in C. tomentella , while C. tranversa has glabrous or pubescent leaflets, and glabrous leaf margin and abaxial surface of the sepals.
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