Celtis dichotoma (Ruiz ex Klotzsch) Miquel (1853: 182)

Zamengo, Henrique Borges, Chamorro, Débora C., Houtepen, Erika. T., Gaglioti, André Luiz, Pederneiras, Leandro Cardoso, Prado, Darién E. & Oakley, Luis J., 2025, Taxonomic revision of the Celtis iguanaea complex (Cannabaceae), Phytotaxa 689 (1), pp. 53-98 : 68

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.5
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0BD67-3120-9D6A-54D5-FF297F52A728
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Celtis dichotoma (Ruiz ex Klotzsch) Miquel (1853: 182)
status

Treatment

3. Celtis dichotoma (Ruiz ex Klotzsch) Miquel (1853: 182) View in CoL ( Figures 2C–C View FIGURE 2 3 View FIGURE 3 , 4C View FIGURE 4 , 5E–F View FIGURE 5 , 6E–F View FIGURE 6 , 7 View FIGURE 7 ).

≡ Momisia dichotoma Ruiz ex Klotzsch (1847: 539) View in CoL .

Lectotype (designated by Zamengo et al. 2024b):— PERU. Pasco: Chacahuassi, Pozuzo, 1787, fl. & fr., Ruiz & Pavón s.n. (lectotype: MA [811133] image!; isolectotypes: B [10 0247966, 10 0247967] images!, F [0074096F] image!,G [00354620, 00354621, 00354622, 00354629, 00354661] images!, HAL [0110265] image!, K [000964281] image!, MA [811134, 818102, 818103, 818104, 818736, 818766, 818767, 818768, 818769, 818770, 818771, 818772] images!, P [00089348] image!).

= Celtis pavonii Planchon (1848: 313) View in CoL .

Type (designated by Zamengo et al. 2024b):— PERU. Without a specific location: s.d., fl., H. Ruiz s.n. (lectotype: K [000575978] image!; isolectotypes: G [00354630, 00354632] images!, HAL [0110267] image!, P [00089349] image!) .

Scrambling shrubs, height unknown, secondary and tertiary branches buff-yellow, fawn-brown, stramineous-yellow or tawny-brown, straight or sinuous, terete, pubescent to velutinous, the trichomes lemon-yellow; thorns 3–9 mm long, solitary, curved, buff-yellow, pilose to pubescent throughout, the trichomes lemon-yellow, concentrated both at the base and on the surface of the thorns. Leaf: petiole 2–3 mm long, pubescent to velutinous, the trichomes lemon-yellow; leaf blades elliptic, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 3.9–9 × 1.6–3.7 cm, concolorous (emerald-green or olive-green), chartaceous, the apex acuminate, the base symmetrical, rounded, the margins entire or laxely serrate from the middle to distal third (mature leaves), adaxial surface scabrous, opaque, pubescent throughout, the trichomes ivory-white or lemon-yellow, abaxial surface velvety, pubescent to velutinous throughout, the trichomes lemon-yellow, veins protruding veins, buff-yellow or chestnut-brown, pocket domatia inconspicuous, pubescent to velutinous, the trichomes lemon-yellow dispersed over the entire surface. Cymes paniculiform, peduncles 20–25 mm long, pubescent to velutinous, the trichomes lemon-yellow, bracts absent. Staminate flowers: pedicels 2–4 mm long, pubescent to velutinous, the trichomes lemon-yellow, sepals abaxially pubescent to velutinous, the trichomes lemon-yellow, the margins ciliate. Pistillate flowers: pedicels 2–3 mm long, pubescent to velutinous, the trichomes lemon-yellow; ovary 4–6 × 3–4 mm, pubescent to velutinous throughout, the trichomes lemon-yellow, velvety, style conspicuous (0.6–1 mm long), inconspicuous (0.1–0.5 mm long) or null, the stigmatic branches 7–9 mm long, bifid, the lobes 4–5 mm long. Drupe: ovate, 10–12 × 8–9 mm, epicarp lemon-yellow or primrose-yellow (see Ruiz 1777 –1788: 178–179), scabrous, subglabrous or pilose, the trichomes lemon-yellow; mesocarp not viscous, membranous, not ornamented; pyrene ovate, 7.5 × 6.5 mm, ivory-white, surface alveolate-crateriform, monoapiculate, the apiculum truncate, 0.5 mm long, truncate apex apiculum, scar absent.

Etymology: —The epithet “ dichotoma ” refers to the apparently dichotomous cymes.

Vernacular names: —Unknown.

Distribution, habit and ecology: —Endemic to Peru ( Figure 7 View FIGURE 7 ), know from only two records in the Departamento of Pasco. In addition to the type, a new specimen was located, collected in secondary forests of Pozuzo, at about 1250 m.

Phenology: —Unknown.

Taxonomic notes: — Berg & Dahlberg (2001) synonymized C. dichotoma under C. iguanaea . These species must be considered distinct because C. dichotoma has adaxial leaf blade pubescent ( Figure 2C View FIGURE 2 1 View FIGURE 1 ), scabrous, abaxial leaf surface pubescent to velutinous on veins and blade surface, trichomes lemon-yellow ( Figure 2C2 View FIGURE 2 ); ovary pubescent to velutinous ( Figure 5F View FIGURE 5 ), stigmatic branches 7–9 mm long, stigmatic lobes 4–5 mm long ( Figure 5F View FIGURE 5 ); mature drupe lemon-yellow or primrose-yellow (see Ruiz 1777 -1788: 178–179), pyrene with alveolate-crateriform surface ( Figure 6F View FIGURE 6 ), whereas C. iguanaea has adaxial leaf surface glabrous to subglabrous ( Figure 3A View FIGURE 3 1 View FIGURE 1 ), smooth, leaf abaxially subglabrous mostly on the veins and scarcely on the blade surface, trichomes ivory-white, ( Figure 3A View FIGURE 3 2 View FIGURE 2 ); ovary subglabrous to pilose ( Figure 5N View FIGURE 5 ), stigmatic branches 1.5–2 mm long, stigmatic lobes 0.6–1 mm long ( Figure 5N View FIGURE 5 ), mature drupe fulvous-orange ( Figure 6M View FIGURE 6 ), pyrene with verrucose surface ( Figure 6N View FIGURE 6 ).

We located a new specimen of C. dichotoma , which is sterile, and thus lacking information on phenology. The label of this specimen indicates that it is a shrub without information on the height, which justifies the absence of this information in the description of the species.

Additional material examined: — PERU. Pasco: Oxapampa, Chacahuassi, Pozuzo, Puesto de vigilancia Huampal, bosque secundário, 10°11’ S, 75°34’ W, 1250 m alt., 23 September 2002, A. Monteagudo et al. 3977 ( HOXA).

HOXA	Estación biológica del Jardin Botanico de Missouri

Copyright notice

No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.

Taxonomy

Kingdom	Plantae
Phylum	Tracheophyta
Class	Magnoliopsida
Order	Rosales
Family	Cannabaceae
Genus	Celtis