Campanula dersimensis Fırat & Yıldırım, 2022

Fırat, Mehmet, Özüdoğru, Barış & Yıldırım, Hasan, 2022, A new bellflower, Campanula dersimensis (Campanulaceae), from E Anatolia, Turkey, Willdenowia 52 (2), pp. 167-177 : 170-174

Campanula dersimensis Fırat & Yıldırım , sp. nov. – Fig. 1–3.

Holotype: Turkey, B7, Tunceli, on way from Tunceli to Nazimiye, Kutu Deresi, around Zülfikar fountain, 39°11'N, 39°42'E, 1040 m, limestone rock crevices, 1 Aug 2012, M. Fırat 28888 (EGE 43200!; isotypes: HUB!, VANF!, herb. M. Fırat!).

Diagnosis — Campanula dersimensis is similar to C. quercetorum and C. yildirimlii . It is easily distinguished from them mainly by having stems erect, dark green, unbranched or shortly branched in upper half, retrorsely hirtulous to pubescent-puberulent, rarely subglabrous above; bracts 4–20 mm long, distinctly hairy; calyx lobes

0.005

region element. This area has a continental, semiarid climate with hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. The species grows in rock crevices in calcareous rocky areas at altitudes of 1040–1130 m. Common species growing in the near vicinity include Asplenium haussknechtii Godet & Reut. , Cerasus mahaleb (L.) Mill. var. mahaleb , Dianthus orientalis Adams , Ficus carica L. subsp. carica , Micromeria cremnophila subsp. anatolica P. H. Davis , Origanum munzurense Kit Tan & Sorger , Parietaria judaica L. and Teucrium polium L.

Phylogenetic placement — The aligned ITS dataset included 23 sequences belonging to 20 species and was 720 bp long, of which 50 were potentially parsimony informative and 83 were variable but not informative.

Campanula dersimensis and its morphologically close relatives, C. quercetorum and C. yildirimlii , were grouped together with moderate posterior probability (0.85) and bootstrap support (69) in the phylogenetic analyses ( Fig. 5), whereas the monophyly and sister relationship of C. dersimensis and C. quercetorum were strongly supported (PP = 1 and BS = 97, respectively).

Additional specimens examined — Campanula dersimensis (paratypes) — TURKEY: TUNCELI: on way from Tunceli to Nazimiye, Kutu Deresi , 39°12'N, 39°39'E, 1104 m, rocky areas, 5 Aug 2014, M. Fırat 31538 (herb. M. Fırat!); same locality, 28 Jul 2012, M. Fırat 28876 (herb. M. Fırat!); on way from Tunceli to Ovacık, Munzur valley , 39°15'N, 39°28'E, 1087 m, rocky areas, 27 Jul 2012, M. Fırat 28868 (herb. M. Fırat!); Tunceli-Ovacik road, Ovacık canyon, approximately 20 km from Ovacik district , 39°17'N, 39°23'E, 1127 m, 21 Jul 2015, H. Yıldırım 3464a (EGE!) .

Campanula quercetorum — TURKEY: TUNCELI: on way from Tunceli to Nazimiye, Kutu Deresi , 39°14'N, 39°44'E, 1272 m, rocky areas, 28 Jul 2012, M. Fırat 28892 (herb. M. Fırat); Kutu Deresi, Pülümür road, on rocks, 21 Jul 2014, H. Yıldırım 3103 (EGE!); Pülümür-Tunceli road in front of tunnel 8, 39°20'N, 39°47'E, 1200 m, on rock, 20 Jul 2015, H. Yıldırım 3461 (EGE!); Pülümür, Tunceli to Pülümür NE of Tunceli, 1500 m, on steep, open slopes, 26 Aug 1986, Archibald 8139 (E 148/88-48!); Tunceli-Pülümür, Quercetum beim Karakol am Harçik suyu, 1100 m, 28 Jun 1951, Huber-Morath 11072 (G!); Pülümür, Kalkschlucht [limestone gorge] Tunceli-Pülümür, 46 km nördlich Tunceli , 1100 m, 7 Jun 1959, Huber-Morath 15705 (G!) .

Campanula yildirimlii — TURKEY: ERZINCAN: Kemaliye, Sandıkbağı surroundings, 900 m, rocky places, 17 Nov 1980, Ş. Yıldırımlı 4174 (paratypes: ANK!, B!); Kemaliye , Salihli village , 39°20'N, 38°30'E, 1484 m, serpentine area, 15 Jul 2014, H. Yıldırım 3060 (EGE!) . — MALATYA: Arguvan, Göldağı slopes, Yukarı Soğuksu , Perideresi valley , 39°02'N, 38°25'E, 1484 m, 15 Jun 2014 (sterile), H. Yıldırım 2887 (EGE!); Arguvan, Divriği road 3 km, 39°01'N, 38°23'E, 1609 m, limestone cliffs, 21 Jul 2015, H. Yıldırım 3469 (EGE!); Arapgir, Kayaarası Kanyonu, fish farm, 39°02'50''N, 38°26'31''E, 1195 m, cliff, 8 Sep 2015, H. Yıldırım 3690 (EGE!) . — MALATYA / SIVAS: Arapgir, 2–3 km after Divriği road junction, near fountain, 39°10'N, 38°17'E, 1451 m, 8 Sep 2015, H. Yıldırım 3691 (EGE!) .