CYCLAMMINIDAE, Marie, 1941
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.35463/j.apr.2025.01.07 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B87F9-5A68-FF9E-1D0C-FEC2FEBCF9F8 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
CYCLAMMINIDAE |
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BUCCICRENATINAE …………. Buccicrenata – planispiral, compressed, involute in early stage, later tending to uncoil (rectilinear/uniserial), wall and septa alveolar. Aperture terminal, an elongated or zig-zag slit.
HEMICYCLAMMININAE ……. Hemicyclammina – broadly lenticular, planispiral, wall alveolar but with solid, pointed septa which do not reach the outer wall of the previous whorl, does not uncoil and the aperture is slit-like.
Pseudocyclammina – planispiral (rarely streptospiral in early stage), subspherical to flattened, later uncoiling, wall coarsely agglutinated with coarse subepidermal network continuing onto the septa, possibly with a few irregular pillars in median plane of test. Thick and massive septa perforated by large openings, aperture areal and cribrate.
PSEUDOCHOFFATELLINAE … Pseudochoffatella – large, discoidal with nearly parallel sides, microspheric form an early planispiral stage of about two whorls followed by peneropliform stage of about seven chambers, and then by up to eighteen or more cyclic or annular chambers, megalospheric test with large subspherical initial chamber constricted in two unequal parts, followed by a peneropliform stage, adult flabelliform but not attaining either a reniform or cyclic stage; wall agglutinated, thin imperforate epidermal layer of microgranular calcite with included quartz grains, and subepidermal polygonal meshwork of beams, rafters and joists or intercalary order beams; aperture multiple, a series of irregularly
LOFTUSOIDEA arranged openings on the apertural face.
SPIROCYCLINIDAE ………………… Reissella – involute planispiral in early stage, later tending to uncoil and flare, a subepidermal mesh formed by long primary and short secondary exoskeletal beams connected by rafters that do not extend completely into the chamber lumen. Aperture areal, elliptical on a short neck, surrounded by numerous secondary pores over most of the apertural face.
Spirocyclina – large, flattened, planispiral but slightly asymmetrical, increasing rapidly to peneropliform and (rarely) uncoiled and rectilinear. Chambers low and broad, strongly arcuate with a coarse subepidermal network. Endoskeletal septulae or beams and rafters subdividing chambers into rectangular secondary chamberlets, reduced to pillars or protuberances in the central parts. Aperture multiple, two rows of pores parallel to coiling plane.
LOFTUSIIDAE ……………………….. Reticulinella – spherical to ovoid, planispiral involute, wall microgranular calcareous, reticulate subepidermal network with a series of radial and transverse partitions that do not extend to the previous septum leaving a narrow preseptal canal at the base of the septum. Apertures multiple, a row of small round openings near the septum base.
CHARENTIIDAE …………………….. Charentia – relatively thick-walled but thin septa, planispiral, lenticular to subglobular with a tendency to uncoil (compressed rectilinear) in the last 1 or 2 chambers (rarely 4). Chambers slightly longer than high in equatorial sections. Aperture areal, arch near base of face, later triangular, later extending as a slit up the apertural face, terminal in uncoiled chambers.
Moncharmontia – relatively thick-walled (with a canaliculate inner layer) with thick septa, planispiral, involute,
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broadly rounded, chambers relatively equidimensional in equatorial sections. Aperture areal and multiple, a single arched row of openings, later more numerous and irregularly distributed.
BIOKOVINIDAE ……………………... Neodubrovnikella – subspherical proloculus followed by slightly compressed lenticular planispiral (slightly asymmetrical in early stage) to peneropliform internally undivided chambers with a subacute periphery. Aperture terminal, composed of a single row of openings. An agglutinated isomorph of the well-known porcellaneous genus Peneroplis except Neodubrovnikella may not be perfectly planispiral.
CYCLOLININAE ………………….. Cyclolina – large (up to 6mm diameter), increasing thickness towards periphery, wall calcareous microgranular. Chambers open, no interior subdivisions. Aperture multiple, scattered in many rows on the apertural face.
CYCLOPSINELLINAE ……............ Cyclopsinella – large (up to 10mm), early planispiral in microspheric form, rapidly peneropliform, reniform, then cyclic, wall calcareous, microgranular. Chambers open, unsubdivided except in late growth stage, with one or more endoskeletal pillars which may bifurcate and re-fuse which can (apparently) appear as two chamber layers in thin sections.
Mangashtia – numerous cyclic or annular chambers. Numerous subcylindrical or beam-shaped pillars in the central part of the chamber which are aligned between chambers. Aperture multiple openings in a row in the middle of the apertural face.
CUNEOLININAE ………………….. Cuneolina – compressed, conical to flabelliform, early stage planispiral, followed by broad, low, biserial chambers, interiors subdivided into nearly rectangular chamberlets by radial and horizontal partitions. Aperture a row of pores at the base of the septal face.
Pseudotextulariella – conical, initially trochospiral/triserial, becoming biserial, broad, low chambers subdivided by beams and rafters of one to several orders, up to six tiers of chamberlets per chamber. Wall finely agglutinated, aperture interiomarginal, a low opening at the base of the flattened apertural face.
DICYCLINIDAE …………………… Dicyclina – wall pseudokeriothecal-like, flattened to slightly undulating, initial stage inflated, later chambers annular, alternately added on two sides of the test, interior subdivided by numerous thin radial partitions and aligned from chamber to chamber. Apertures round pores at the periphery.
DICTYOPSELLIDAE ……………… Dictyopsella – low trochospiral, plano- or concavo-convex or patelliform with an evolute spiral side and involute umbilical side. Crescentic chambers on spiral side, subtriangular on umbilical side. Interior of chambers subdivided by numerous radial and intercalary beams of varied length, the longest extending nearly to the umbilical region and which are interconnected by (transverse) rafters which produce a characteristic “mesh- like” subepidermal network.
Conorbinella – low trochospiral, plano- or concavo-convex or patelliform with an evolute spiral side and involute umbilical side. Crescentic chambers on spiral side, subtriangular on umbilical side. Interior of chambers subdivided by numerous radial beams of varied length, the longest extending nearly to the umbilical region.
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two suitable source references for good images are also provided.
The vast majority of these representative images are adapted from published sources and are often of type material. The sources are detailed in each caption. Characteristic and/or discriminatory taxonomic features are indicated by arrows and annotations. Frequently the images are resized to better fit the figure frame. The scale bars in each figure are approximate and for guidance only to show an approximate, relative size and should not be used for calculating measured dimensions (please refer to the original source material to do this).
The ages attributed in the synonymy lists (strictly speaking these are chresonymy lists as in a list of usage sensu Smith & Smith, 1972) are the ages as documented in each reference, otherwise it is the age of the sampled section (as stated) or the age assigned to the specific, illustrated specimen. Age attribution is mostly taken on trust, unless there is evidence to the contrary (either within the publication or published elsewhere). Ages stated imply an undifferentiated age unless stated otherwise. Thus a “Cenomanian” age attribution implies the age of a particular occurrence can be determined no better than to a generalised stage level. It does not imply, unless otherwise stated, that the taxon ranges throughout the stage. The location given is reported as the applicable country stated in the publication at the time of publication, except when more specific regional locations can be determined (e.g., Iran or Iranian Zagros; Türkiye or western Taurides, Türkiye etc.).
Identifications are considered plausible, unless indicated otherwise. A “?” indicates a doubtful identification (e.g. some features key to identification are not visible). “ Non ” indicates a clear misidentification with an alternative identification expressed if possible.
Comments in square brackets are our assessment of the most likely identity or otherwise of specimen(s) assigned a “ non ” status in the listings, or cases where we emend (for example) an age assignment.
The subsequent systematic section is followed by a discussion of the findings of our critical review of the 25 taxa involved, with a focus on stratigraphic ranges, bioevents, and the potential for biozonation and correlation.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.