Breynia suborbicularis Esser & Stuppy, 2022

Esser, H. - J., Stuppy, W. H. & Welzen, P. C. van, 2022, Three new species and several typifications of Breynia (Phyllanthaceae) from Malesia, Blumea 67 (2), pp. 132-138 : 135-137

3. Breynia suborbicularis Esser & Stuppy , sp. nov. — Fig. 3

Breynia mollis auct. non J.J.Sm.: Airy Shaw (1982) 9, pro parte quoad Celebes specimens.

Breynia vestita auct. non Warb.: Airy Shaw (1982) 10, pro parte quoad Celebes specimens.

Breynia vitis-idaea auct. non (Burm.f.) C.E.C.Fisch.: Airy Shaw (1982) 10, pro parte quoad Celebes specimens.

This new species agrees with B. cernua (Poir.) Müll.Arg. by the large, accrescent fruiting calyx,but differs,among others, by the distinct indumentum (instead of being glabrous) and leaves with fewer veins (c. 5 pairs instead of 7 or more) and a mostly rounded (instead of acute) apex.A similar indumentum is shared with B. vestita Warb. from New Guinea, but the latter differs in elliptic (vs elliptic-suborbicular to more ovate) leaves c. 1.7–2 (instead of 0.9–1.6) times longer than wide, more distinctly glaucous below, and fruits without an apical ring and a smaller fruiting calyx (diameter smaller than fruit diameter, instead of larger). — Type: M.J.E. Coode 5797 (holotype L [L 0066241]; probable iso BO not seen, K not seen), Indonesia, Celebes, Sulawesi Tengah, Luwuk, slopes above town, S0°56' E122°47', 200 m, 04 Oct. 1989.

Shrub or treelet, to 3 m tall. Indumentum: pubescent, with simple hairs 0.15–0.3(–0.5) mm long. Stipules 1–1.5 by c. 0.5 mm, pubescent at base. Leaves: petiole 2–2.5 mm long, pubescent; blade symmetric, thinly chartaceous, broadly (ovate-)elliptic to orbiculate, 1.3–2.5 by (1–) 1.5–2 cm, 0.9–1.6 times longer than wide, base obtuse, margin entire, apex rounded to subacute to slightly retuse, upper surface slightly pubescent, in particular on midvein, lower surface slightly brighter but not glaucous when dried, pubescent all over and slightly more distinct on midvein and side veins; venation pinnate, side veins in c. 5 pairs, distinct and prominent when dry, smaller veinlets visible to indistinct above and below. Flowers pale green, actinomorphic, pedicellate, erect; calyx 6-lobed, pitcher-shaped; petals, discs and pistillode absent. Staminate flowers 1(–2) per axil, pubescent to subglabrous; pedicel 1.5–4 mm long, slightly pubescent to subglabrous; calyx subglabrous; stamens 3, united into a central vertical androphore. Pistillate flowers solitary, pubescent; pedicel 1–2.5 mm long, pubescent; calyx 1.5–2 mm long, pubescent outside, with short free lobes c. 0.25 mm long; young ovary papillate all over; stigmas 3, free, simple. Fruits solitary, becoming fleshy red; pedicel 2– 3 mm long, pubescent; calyx distinctly accrescent, 4–6 mm diam, with free lobes 0.5–1 mm long, flat, diameter equal or larger than the fruit itself, without visible venation except for the midvein, pubescent outside and sometimes also inside; 3–4 by 4–4.5 mm, glabrous but apically often papillate, with or without an apical ring 0.25–0.9 mm high, somewhat fleshy outside; stigmas 0.2–0.3 mm long, free, undivided. Seeds c. 3.5 by 2.5 mm, trigonous, smooth.

136 Blumea – Volume 67 / 2, 2022

c 1 mm h 0.5 mm 1 mm f d g e 1 mm 1 mm i 1 cm 1 mm a k 1 mm 1 mm m 1 mm l b j

Distribution — Endemic to Indonesia: Borneo, Celebes.

Habitat & Ecology — Growing in secondary scrubs and dis- turbed lowland forest, often on steep slopes; soil clay or coral limestone, alt. 0– 600 m. Flowers and fruits collected in April, May, July to November.

Additional collections studied (paratypes). Indonesia,Borneo, Kalimantan, Central-East Borneo, W Koetai, Long Poehoes, Villa Rust Roest, 10 Aug. 1925, F . H . Endert 2445 ( L) ; Indonesia, Celebes, Menado resid., Sibalaja , 20 m, Jan. 1929, Adj. veearts Donggala 42 ( BO); Celebes, Menado, Donggala, Paloe , c . 150 m, 21 Nov. 1928, Bosch [bouw]proefstation (Kajoelei) 5 ( B, L); Celebes, surroundings of Karumba, c. 8 km E of Tawaeli on road to Parigi , S0°43' E119°56' , 200 m, 24 Apr. 1979, E . F . de Vogel 5026 ( L); Celebes, Ost-Celebes , Loewoek, Burkmark, Aug. 1919, W . Kaudern 360 ( S); Celebes, Central part, area of Kulora, near Palu , S0°53' E119°53' , 500 m, 18 May 1975, W . Meijer (leg. Noerta) 10183 ( L); Celebes, Central part, area of Wayungan, near Palu , S0°53' E119°53' , 600 m, 19 May 1975, W . Meijer (leg. Noerta) 10228 ( L, MO); Celebes, W . Centr. Celebes, Madjene and vicinity, Kamp Pangale, 29 July 1912, Noerkas (exp. L. van Vuuren) 414 (BO-4 sheets, L); Celebes, Central Celebes, Madjene and vicinity, Kamp Papang, 27 July 1913, Rachmat (exp. L. van Vuuren) 249 ( BO, L); Celebes, C Sulawesi, Road Palu – Donggala, S0°30' –1°30' E119°30' –120°30', 10 m, 02 Apr. 1979, M . M .J. van Balgooy 2979 ( A, L) .

Notes — 1. The species is part of Breynia subg. Breynia sect. Breynia .

2. The combination of a distinct indumentum, mostly orbicular leaves with only few veins, and a large fruiting calyx is very characteristic.

Lectotypes