Bazzania pearsonii Steph., Hedwigia

Bakalin, V. A. & Maltseva, Yu. D., 2023, Study on type specimens of Asian Bazzania (Marchantiophyta), Arctoa 32 (2), pp. 101-136 : 124-135

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.15298/arctoa.32.10
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038687D0-136E-FF94-D36D-FBF7FDB06DA5
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Bazzania pearsonii Steph., Hedwigia
status

Treatment

Bazzania pearsonii Steph., Hedwigia View in CoL 32 (4): 212, 1893 ( Stephani, 1893). Ireland. Killarney. Eagles Nest. Stewart et Holt. Lectotype (selected here): G00061249 / 13890! Fig. 10 View Fig : R–X, Fig. 18 View Fig .

Description. Plants brownish to yellowish brownish, merely soft, 0.8–1.2 mm wide and 2–6 cm long; rhizoids rare, in short erect spreading grayish to colorless fascicles; stem 160–250 µm wide (in well developed pants) sparsely dichotomously branched, ventral flagellae sparse, isophyllous (actually with not so dramatically reduced leaves as commonly in other taxa of Bazzania ). Leaves distant to contiguous, obliquely inserted and oriented, convex, strongly turned to ventral side (sometimes as to enroll the stem and touch and overlap the opposite leaf of the pair), with large auriculate appendage in dorsal base, ovate-triangular with very narrow, shortly (1–)2(– 3)-dentate apex 700–900×700–800 µm. Midleaf cells 15– 37×15–20 µm, thin-walled, trigones coarsely nodulose, very large, with visible median lamina, cells along margin 15–25 µm, external wall thickened, other walls thin, trigones coarsely nodulose, large, sometimes confluent, cuticle smooth throughout. Underleaves 1.0–1.8 as wide as stem, erect to obliquely spreading, sometimes with recurved apex, commonly adjacent to the leaf base in one side, lingulate to lingulate-ovate, shallowly crispate along margin, with commonly emarginate apex.

Comment. The present species, as it is written by Stephani in original description (1893), is similar to Bazzania deflexa (Mart.) Carruth. (that is now treated as the synonym of B. tricrenata (Wahlenb.) Lindb. ), indeed both taxa similar in general appearance (narrow triangular leaves, dorsal leaf base auriculate appendage, strongly turned to dorsal side leaves and even the coloration). Besides, the species is resembling in the similar ways poorly known Sino-Himalayan Bazzania imbricata (Mitt.) S. Hatt. However , the species is different from both in prominently large trigones. The identity of the plants coming from West Europe with the East Asian accessions should be questioned.

Bazzania manillana (Gottsche ex Steph.) S.Hatt., Bot. Mag. View in CoL (Tokyo) 64 (755/756): 113, 1951 ( Hattori, 1951). Bas.: Mastigobryum manillanum Gottsche ex Steph., Hedwigia 25 (5): 204, 1886 ( Stephani, 1886b). The study is based on Mastigobryum philippinense J.B. Jack ex Steph. Hedwigia 25(5): 206 1886, regarded as the synonymous with Bazzania manillana View in CoL in Söderström et al. (2016). Philippines. Luzon. G. Wallis 1870. Lectotype of Mastigobryum philippinense (selected here): G00067096/12907! Note: another specimen marked as Mastigobryum philippinense (G00282489!) does not contain Bazzania View in CoL (only some branches of Lejeunea Lib. View in CoL are present inside). Fig. 10 View Fig : Y–Ae, Fig. 19 View Fig , Fig. 20 View Fig .

Description. Plants greenish brownish, merely soft, dorsiventrally flattened, 3–4 mm wide, 3–5 cm long; rhizoids not seen; stem 320–430 µm wide, freely dichotomously branched, ventral flagellae common. Leaves contiguous to slightly overlapping, not turned to ventral side, sublinear, distinctly falcate, 1250–2000×620–730 µm, apex trilobate, divided by V-shaped sinus, lobes triangular, acute, sometimes (well developed as usual) shortly but sharply dentate to denticulate or crenulate, leaves sometimes slightly crispate in upper third. Midleaf cells 20–32×20–30 µm, thin-walled, with moderate in size, convex trigones, cuticle distinctly papillose, cells along leaf margin 10–18 µm, thick-walled, with small trigones, becoming inward more thin-walled and with larger trigones, cuticle finely papillose, in the leaf apex with distinct papillose-verrucose cuticle. Underleaves 1.2–1.4 times wider than stem (when on the stem, not in the slide), connate or (mostly) adjacent with leaf in one or both sides, narrowly obliquely spreading, chlorophyllose with the exception of marginal 1–4 rows of cells, where discolored, thin-walled and mostly with vestigial trigones, margin crispate, as wide as long or slightly wider than long.

Comment. The species is distinguishable due to papillose cuticle, somewhat dentate lobes, sublinear leaves and narrow band of discolored cells along underleaf margin.

Bazzania pompeana (Sande Lac.) Mitt., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. View in CoL 3 (3): 200, 1891 ( Mitten, 1891). Bas.: Mastigobryum pompeanum Sande Lac., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 304, 1864 ( Sande Lacoste, 1864). Japan. Siebold, Pompe van Meerdervoort. Syntype: Coll. Pompe van Meerdervoort. G00282483! Note: three specimens are present in G. Two other G00282484! and G00282485! are collected by Siebold. Plants in them are identical to G00282483!, but lesser in amount. Fig. 21 View Fig : A–F, Fig. 22 View Fig .

Description. Plants brownish to yellowish brownish, more or less rigid, 4–5 mm wide and 3–6 cm long; rhizoids not seen; stem freely dichotomously branched, ventral flagellae common, 450–575 µm wide. Leaves subimbricate, overlapping 1/3–2/3 of next leaf in the leaf base, obliquely inserted, ob-canaliculate-concave, not or very loosely turned to ventral side, obliquely narrowly lingulate-ovate, apex divided by V- to U-shaped sinuses into 3–4 triangular acute lobes. Midleaf cells 25–45×25– 37 µm, thin-walled, trigones moderate to large in size, slightly convex, cuticle smooth, cells along leaf margin 12.5–25.0 µm, outer wall thickened, tangential walls unequally thickened (due to trigones confluence) or thin, inner wall thin, trigones moderate in size to (adjacent to external wall) large, cuticle smooth throughout. Underleaves 1.6–2.2 as wide as stem (when attached to the stem), appressed to the stem, nearly plane or loosely undulate along margin or narrowly recurved along margin, commonly connate (or adjacent) in one side with leaf, transversely rectangular to transversely elliptic, roughly dentate along margin, lower 1/3–1/2 composed by chlorophyllose cells, above cells are ‘content-free’, thin-walled, with small to vestigial trigones.

Comment. The species is distinguishable due to large size, relatively wide apical part of leaves, hyaline and coarsely dentate underleaf margin.

Bazzania revoluta (Steph.) N.Kitag., J. Hattori Bot. Lab. View in CoL 36: 450, 1972 [1973] ( Kitagawa, 1972). Bas.: Mastigobryum revolutum Steph., Bull. Herb. Boissier (sér. 2) 8 (12): 961 (511), 1908 ( Stephani, 1908c). Myanmar [‘Upper Burma’]. Fraser. Lectotype (selected here): G00112684! Fig. 21 View Fig : G–L, Fig. 23 View Fig .

Description. Plant (only one plant is present in the specimen) greenish brownish, merely rigid, 2.5–3.5 mm wide, 6 cm long, lying on lateral side because leaves strongly turned to dorsal side; stem 425–450 µm wide, ventral flagellae numerous; rhizoids not seen. Leaves obliquely inserted, turned to dorsal side, convex-ob-canaliculate, when flattened obliquely triangular-ovate, ca. 2000 x1500 µm, apex trilobed, by the U-shaped to crescentic sinus, lobes not or loosely diverging. Midleaf cells thin-walled 15–37×12–25 µm, trigones moderate in size, convex, cells along margin 10–18 µm, trigones moderate (large when adjacent to external wall) in size, convex, cuticle smooth throughout. Underleaves adjacent to one of the leaf pair (never observed as truly connate), obliquely spreading, with narrowly recurved margin, 1.4– 1.9 as wide as stem (when on the stem, not in the slide), somewhat auriculate near base, chlorophyllose with the exception of underleaf margin (its revolute part), where cells are ‘content-free’, thin-walled, and virtually without trigones.

Comment. Noticeable in the species is narrowly revolute and discolored, composed by thin-walled cells without trigones underleaf margin, relatively small leaf cells and large leaves turned to ventral side of the shoot.

Bazzania sikkimensis (Steph.) Herzog, Ann. Bryol. View in CoL 12: 78, 1939 ( Herzog, 1939). Bas.: Mastigobryum sikkimense Steph., Hedwigia 44 (2): 73, 1905 ( Stephani, 1905). 114 India [West Bengal], Sikkim Himalaya, Kurseong, Alt. ca 1000 m, inter Leucobryum Hampe sp. , 1895, Rev. Bretandeau. Lectotype (selected by Mizutani, 1967): G00067029/12557! Note: originally described from “ Sikkim (Stevens)” ( Stephani, 1905). Later re-described (invalidly) by the same author in Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier, sér. 2, 8(10): 750. 1908 ( Stephani, 1908a) from “Himalaya (Bretandeau, Stevens, Hartless”). The specimen collected by Bretandeau was selected by Mizutani (1967) as the lectotype, while other available specimens were regarded as paratypes. The same specimen was incorrectly treated as holotype by Sharma & Srivastava (1993). Fig. 21 View Fig : M–Q, Fig. 24 View Fig .

Description. Plants greenish to yellowish greenish, relatively rigid. 1.8–2.5 mm wide 2–4 cm long; rhizoids not seen; stem 230–260 µm wide, freely dichotomously branched, ventral flagellae common. Leaves contiguous to slightly overlapping, obliquely inserted, slightly ob-canaliculate, slightly turned to ventral side (commonly very loosely so), 1000–1250×550–700 µm, obliquely and narrowly ovate-triangular, more or less deeply incised at apex by U-shaped sinus into two triangular and acute lobes without additional teeth, leaf margin entire. Midleaf cells 20.0–37.5×15.0–25.0 µm, thin-walled, trigones moderate in size, triangular to slightly convex, cuticle smooth, vitta absent, although in base cells become distinctly longer, cells along margin 12–15 µm, with unequally thickened walls, become thin-walled inward, with small and later moderate trigones. Underleaves obliquely to erect spreading with apex recurved, 1.2–1.6 as wide as stem (when attached to the stem, not in the slide), very narrowly connate (mostly adjacent, but not truly connate) with leaf in one side (never with two sides), as long as wide or slightly longer than wide, subquadrate to shortly rectangular, with 4–5 sharp, short (1–2 cells long) or more long teeth, lateral margins more or less entire to crispate, chlorophyllose throughout.

Comments. 1) Small admixture of Bazzania tridens (also mentioned by Mizutani, 1967) is observed.

2) The species is distinguishable by relatively deeply bilobed leaves, that slightly turned to ventral side, small trigones (moderate in the leaf midline only), subquadrate to shortly rectangular underleaves with sharp teeth.

Bazzania sumatrana (Sande Lac. ex Steph.) Steph., Hedwigia View in CoL 32 (4): 209, 1893 ( Stephani, 1893). Bas.: Mastigobryum sumatranum Sande Lac. ex Steph., Hedwigia 25 (6): 234, 1886 ( Stephani, 1886a). Indonesia. Sumatra, “De Vriese in espeditione sua anno 1878”. Lectotype (selected here): G00282523! Another available specimen (G00282524!) looks as lectotype duplicate (plants there are fully identical to lectotype), but more scarce. Fig. 21 View Fig : R–V, Fig. 25 View Fig .

Description. Plants greenish brownish, more or less rigid, 3–4 mm wide (if flattened, because commonly leaves turned to ventral side and plants lie on the lateral side), 5–10 cm long; rhizoids not seen; stem ca. 300 µm wide, sparsely dichotomously branched, ventral flagellae common. Leaves subimbricate, obliquely inserted, ob-canaliculate, turned to ventral side when wet and when dry, obliquely narrowly trapezoidal to loosely falcate, apex shallowly (2–)3-lobed, lobes divided by U-shaped to crescentic sinus, 2000–2300×1000–1250 µm, entire at margins, but in ventral side base sometimes with angulations. Midleaf cells 27.5–40.0×20.0–30.0 µm, thin-walled, with very large, coarsely bulging and sometimes confluent trigones with visible median lamina, cuticle smooth, cells along leaf margin 15.0–22.5 µm, thin-walled (although outer wall strongly thickened), trigones large, coarsely bulging, with visible median lamina. Underleaves appressed to the stem, but in upper half of underleaf recurved (commonly loosely or more distinctly recurved also along lateral margins), 1.2–1.5 as wide as stem (when attached to the stem, not in the slide), spatulate, distinctly longer than wide, variously toothed, with teeth longer in curve area from lateral to apical part and near base (where sometimes looks as dentate appendages), chlorophyllose throughout.

Comment. The distinction features include longer than wide variously toothed underleaves, with teeth larger in the area near base, coarsely bulging trigones in the leaf (also including leaf margin, where cell walls nevertheless are thin), angulations near leaf ventral base and turned to ventral side leaves (not their apices only, but leaves by itself).

Bazzania tridens (Reinw., Blume et Nees) Trevis., Mem. Reale Ist. Lombardo Sci. View in CoL (Ser. 3), C. Sci. Mat. 4 (13): 415, 1877 ( Trevisan, 1877). Bas.: Jungermannia tridens Reinw., Blume et Nees , Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 12 (1): 228, 1824 [1825] ( Reinwardt et al., 1824). Indonesia. Java Island. “Habitat in terra nuda et inter muscos”. Lectotype (selected here): “á foliis latioribus” [Nees handwriting]. There are a lot of material of this species in STR, with one specimen only signed as Jungermannia tridens (not Mastigobryum (Nees) Nees View in CoL or Herpetium Nees ), it fit well with the common well developed modifications of the species in East Asia. It is selected as lectotype here. Fig. 26 View Fig : A, Fig. 27 View Fig : A, B.

Comment. The morphology of the species was several times described in the literature; the description in Mizutani (1967) is corresponding to the type material in STR .

Bazzania yoshinagana (Steph.) Yasuda, Shokubutsugaku Kakuron View in CoL : 711, 1911 ( Yasuda, 1911). Bas.: Mastigobryum yoshinaganum Steph., Bull. Herb. Boissier (sér. 2) 8 (11): 866 (490), 1908 ( Stephani, 1908b). Japan. Komagadake Mt. Lectotype (selected here): G00120730! Note: the original description cites collector as Yoshinaga. The same is indicated in the outer label of the type envelope, with the collection number 98. However, inside of the envelope the small draft label is present that clearly indicates “No. 38. Mt. Komagadake, Kai. Aug. 1903, Coll. K. Tamura”. We suggest Yoshinaga was only the sender of this specimen to Stephani, and it is the reason of the noted discrepancy, while the real collector is Tamura. Another specimen of the same species present in G is G00120754! Both specimens were collected very near one to another or even represent the duplicates of the same specimen. The latter was also collected by Tamura and has the next field number: 39. The plants in the both specimens are virtually identical, but material in G00120730 is more copious and this was the reason it was selected as lectotype. Fig. 26 View Fig : B–G, Fig. 27 View Fig : C–L.

Description. Plants greenish brownish, more or less rigid, 3.5–4.2 mm wide; rhizoids not seen; stem 450– 550 µm wide, freely dichotomously branched, ventral flagellae common. Leaves contiguous to imbricate and overlapping to 1/3 of above situated leaf near leaf base, ob-canaliculate, not of slightly turned to ventral side, distinctly to loosely falcate (on the same branch leaves are varying), obliquely ovate to narrowly trapezoidal, 1620– 2050×1250–1400 µm, basically trilobed with sinus Ushaped, but commonly bears various teeth and angulations between. Midleaf cells 25.0–37.5×17.5–32.5 µm, thin-walled, trigones large to (rarer) moderate in size, slightly convex to triangle, cuticle smooth, cells along margin 12.5–22.5 µm, virtually thin-walled (sometimes tangential walls unequally thickened due to trigones confluence), with large and convex trigones adjacent to external wall, external wall noticeable thickened, inward trigones become moderate in size. Underleaves 1.4–1.9 as wide as stem (when in living plant), narrowly and sometimes not clearly connate with one leaf of the pair, very rarely connate with both leaves, obliquely to erect spreading, in the slide as long as wide or slightly longer than wide, recurved along margin, reniform to trapezoidal, crispate to irregularly dentate along margin (more prominently near apex), chlorophyllose throughout.

Comment: The species seems to be very similar to B. japonica (the type is described and discussed in Bakalin, 2016), however, unlike to B. japonica , B. yoshinagana has underleaves connate with the leaves in one side only, and more ovate (never with sublinear upper half) leaves. The status of the taxon needs clarification by molecular methods.

Bazzania zollingeri (Lindenb.) Trevis., Mem. Reale Ist. Lombardo Sci. View in CoL (Ser. 3), C. Sci. Mat. 4 (13): 414, 1877 ( Trevisan, 1877). Bas.: Mastigobryum zollingeri Lindenb., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 6 (25): 462, 1848 ( Meissner, 1848). Indonesia. Java. Zollinger. Syntype: G00282506! Note: there are several specimens in G that most probably represent the type duplicates (identical one to another) with different quantity of the material. The larger amount is in the described specimen and G00282510 and G00282511. Fig. 26 View Fig : H–N, Fig. 28 View Fig , Fig. 29 View Fig .

Description. Plants greenish brownish, more or less rigid, 2.5–3.0 mm wide (or slightly wider), 5–10 cm long; rhizoids virtually absent; stem 300–400 µm wide, freely dichotomously branched, ventral flagella numerous. Leaves imbricate, overlapping ca 1/4–1/2 of above situated leaf, obliquely inserted, ob-canaliculate, slightly or evidently turned to ventral side (not leaf apex, but leaf by itself!), distinctly falcate, sublinear (curved narrowly trapezoidal), not vittate, although cells are much bigger near leaf base until leaf middle, 1100–1400×620–800 µm, apex very shortly tridentate (rarely bidentate or with additional small fourth tooth between main teeth), lobes divided by very shallow (rarely U-shaped) sinus. Midleaf cells 22.5–42.5×17.5–25.0 µm, thin-walled, trigones moderate to large, convex; cells along margin 15–20 µm, with large trigones adjacent to the outer wall, and small inward, cells inward of the leaf lamina become somewhat thick-walled, with small concave trigones, and later cell walls become thinner while trigones become larger, cuticle nearly smooth. Underleaves connate with leaves at the both sides, reniform, distinctly wider than long, 0.8– 1.0 as wide as stem, crenulate (to slightly so) in the apex), chlorophyllose throughout, with outer wall noticeable thickened.

Comment. The strongly falcate leaves with only short lobation in the apex, crenulate to shortly dentate along margin small underleaves are distinctive.