Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen

Raab-Straube, Eckhard von & Raus, Thomas, 2025, Euro + Med-Checklist Notulae, 18, Willdenowia 55 (1), pp. 107-144 : 124-125

Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen (= S. geniculata P. Beauv. )

N Al: Albania: Prefecture of Shkodër, Municipality of Velipojë, Franciscan monastery, 41°52'22"N, 19°23'53"E, 2 m, eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) plantation in irrigated convent garden, 26 Oct 2024, Raus 35191 (B); in shady environments ( Pignatti 2017; Weber 2017). The ibid., main street toward Velipojë beach 41°52'13"N, species has long been cultivated in temperate Europe, in- 19°24'14"E, 2 m, grassy road embankment, 26 Oct 2024, cluding Italy, for its fruits, which are extraordinary rich Raus obs. – These are the first records from Albania of in vitamin C and antioxidants, used in the production of this perennial, weedy grass species. Its native range com- dietary supplements, juices and culinary drinks. There is prises North and South America from the Canada-United a great deal of confusion in basic floras and checklists States border S to Tierra del Fuego ( POWO 2024w). In with regard to the status of R. nigrum in Italy. Flora euthe coastal plain S of Shkodër it is not uncommon and is ropaea ( Webb 1993), Conti & al. (2005) and Euro+Med to be considered as established in agricultural areas and PlantBase ( Marhold 2011c +) designated the species as by roadsides; the species is naturalized also in France native to the area. This was queried by Pignatti (1982), ( Tison & de Foucault 2014), Italy ( Galasso & al. 2024) who called R. nigrum “probably only naturalized” in and Croatia ( Milović & al. 2010). Italy, followed by Jalas & al. (1999) in Atlas florae eu- A Gr: Greece: Nomos of Fokida, Eparchia of Dorida, ropaeae, where R. nigrum was mapped as “not native in E bank of River Mornos just E of Kato Dafni, 38°25'N, It”. As a consequence, Bartolucci & al. (2018) did not 31°53'E, 5–10 m, one clone growing together with Echi- include R. nigrum in the list of species native to Italy, and nochloa colonum (L.) Link, from bird seeds?, 25 Sep Galasso & al. (2024: Suppl. Appendix S1, 1426) regis- 1996, Nielsen 11961 (B sub Setaria geniculata , conf. Th. tered it as a casual alien in the regions of Trentino–Alto Raus). – This is the first and up to now sole Greek record Adige, Veneto and Friuli –Venezia Giulia. Occurrences in of this xenophyte of American origin, considered a casual Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta, mentioned and mapped by alien in Greece. Th. Raus Pignatti (1982) and Jalas & al. (1999), were disregarded as erroneous by Conti & al. (2005). Grossulariaceae According to our findings in Trento–Alto Adige

(South Tyrol), the status “naturalized” (i.e. locally fully Ribes nigrum L. – Fig. 14. established) has to be ascribed to R. nigrum in Italy on a N It: Italy: Trentino–Alto Adige, Province of Bolzano, national scale. The naturalization of R. nigrum in the Oris Municipality of Lasa, Oris, 46.625498°N, 10.656697°E, alder forest and possibly elsewhere along the Alpine arc 876 m, shrubby vegetation in humid forest of Alnus glu- in cool, shady places ( Pignatti 2017) could gain importinosa (L.) Gaertn., 17 & 23 May 2024, Mei & Wellstein tance for nature conservation in the future (Pyšek & al. (herb. Mei ; photo [Fig. 14]). – During recent investiga- 2012, 2020; Richardson & Rejmánek 2011). The species tions on the flora and vegetation of the Oris alder forest in reproduces both sexually through seeds and vegetatively Alto Adige (46°40'N, 11°30'E, 700 m), a fully naturalized through stolons. Seed dispersal is facilitated by birds and population of Ribes nigrum was found. This population mammals that feed on the fruits (CABI 2019). Dense extends over a discontinuous area of c. 100 m ² and includes individuals in various stages of development, from young seedlings to mature and fruiting plants, demonstrating the ability of the species to reproduce and maintain stable populations without human intervention. Ribes nigrum is a Eurosiberian geoelement native to temperate and boreal regions from France to the Russian Far East; it is absent from the native flora of the Mediterranean countries of S Europe ( POWO 2024t). Its southernmost autochthonous occurrences in Europe are so far reported from Bulgaria ( Assyov & al. 2012). The species primarily grows in riparian forests, swamps and along Fig. 14. Ribes nigrum , plants with mature fruits growing in Alnus glutinosa forest. – Italy, Trenstream banks, preferring tino–Alto Adige, Province of Bolzano, Municipality of Lasa, Oris, 23 May 2024, photograph moist, fertile soils, thriving by G. Mei . colonies of invasive R. nigrum compete with native vegetation for light, water and nutrient resources ( Huxley 2001). Therefore, further studies are recommended to monitor the expansion of the species and assess its potential impacts on native flora and vegetation ( Brundu 2013; Brundu & al. 2020a, 2020b). G. Mei & C. Wellstein