Olios biprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu, 2025

Zhang, He, Niu, Weitao, Liu, Jie, Wang, Caijun & Hu, Changhao, 2025, Three new species of the genus Olios Walckenaer, 1837 (Araneae, Sparassidae) from southern China, ZooKeys 1245, pp. 343-356 : 343-356

Olios biprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu sp. nov.

Figs 1 , 2 , 8

Type material.

Holotype male: China • Hunan Province: Changsha City, Yuelu District, Xihu Park , under bark, 28.20758°N, 112.94004°E, elevation 30 m, 19 December 2023 as subadult, molted to adult on 18 February 2024, Jiwei Lin leg.

Etymology.

The specific name is a combination of the Latin bi (meaning double) and processus (meaning process, projection), referring to the two projections (TAP III, TAP IV) on the embolic base; noun.

Diagnosis.

The male of Olios biprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu , sp. nov. resembles that of O. rossettii (Leardi, 1901) (cf. Fig. 1 A – C vs. figs 146, 147 in Jäger 2020) by having two tibial apophyses, and a small U-shaped embolus arising sub-centrally from the tegulum, but can be recognized by: 1) retrolateral tibial apophysis leaf-shaped in retrolateral view, with a serrated retrolateral margin; and 2) tegular apophysis complex, with a sharp projection (TAP I) prolaterally, and two sharp projections (TAP III, TAP IV) on the embolic base (vs. retrolateral tibial apophysis triangular, tegular apophysis long triangular in O. rossettii ).

The male of Olios biprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu , sp. nov. also resembles that of O. uniprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu , sp. nov. (cf. Fig. 1 A – C vs. fig. 3 A – C) by having a horn-shaped proximal tibial apophysis, a leaf-shaped retrolateral tibial apophysis with a serrated retrolateral margin, sharp TAP I, lamellar TAP II, and a small U-shaped embolus arising sub-centrally from the tegulum, but can be recognized by the tegular apophysis with two sharp projections (TAP III, TAP IV) on the embolic base (vs. one projection (TAP III) in O. uniprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu , sp. nov.).

Description.

Male (holotype): Total length 8.5; DS 4.0 long, 4.1 wide; OS 4.6 long, 3.2 wide. Eyes: AME 0.24; ALE 0.19; PME 0.19; PLE 0.20; AME – AME 0.17; AME – ALE 0.17; PME – PME 0.42; PME – PLE 0.31; AME – PME 0.15; ALE – PLE 0.13; CH AME 0.18; CH ALE 0.25. Measurements of palp and legs: Pp: 5.3 (1.5, 0.6, 1.1, -, 2.1); I: 19.8 (5.4, 1.6, 5.2, 6.0, 1.6); II: 20.3 (5.4, 1.9, 6.6, 3.1, 3.3); III: 14.9 (4.7, 1.3, 3.6, 3.6, 1.7); IV: 17.3 (5.3, 1.2, 4.6, 4.9, 1.3). Leg formula: II-I-IV-III. Spination: Pp: 131, 000, 2000; legs: Fe I – II 223, III 323, IV 321; Pa I – IV 000; Ti I 2124, II 2024, III 2124, IV 1204; Mt I – IV 2024. Cheliceral furrow with 2 anterior and 5 posterior teeth.

Palp (Fig. 1 A – C ): As in diagnosis, ptA arising submedially from Ti, RTA arising distally from Ti. Cymbium almost 1.5 times longer than Ti. TA complicated, with a sharp projection (TAP I) on prolateral margin, a lamellar projection (TAP II) on dorsal TA, and two sharp projections (TAP III, TAP IV) on embolic base. C tiny. E arising sub-centrally from tegulum in 9 - o’clock-position.

Colouration (Fig. 2 A, B ): DS pale yellow, with brown patterns. Sternum light yellow. Legs yellow to light brown, with brown spots. OS dorsally yellow, with yellowish-brown patterns. OS ventrally brownish purple, with four yellow longitudinal lines; anterior part yellow.

Female: Unknown.

Distribution.

China (Hunan Province) (Fig. 8 ).

Figures

Figure 1. Olios biprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu, sp. nov., left male palp. A. Prolateral; B. Ventral; C. Retrolateral. Abbreviations: C = conductor, E = embolus, ptA = proximal tibial apophysis, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, TA = tegular apophysis, TAP I – IV = projection I to IV of tegular apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 2. Olios biprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu, sp. nov., male habitus. A. Dorsal; B. Ventral. Scale bars: 2 mm.

Figure 8. Distribution map of the three new Olios species 1 O. biprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu, sp. nov. 2 O. uniprocessus Hu, Zhang & Liu, sp. nov. 3 O. lincangensis Hu, Zhang & Liu, sp. nov.