Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) subasperrimus (d’Orbigny, 1852)

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard M. & Merle, Didier, 2025, The Muricidae (Gastropoda, Muricoidea) of the Miocene Central Paratethys Sea (Haustrinae, Muricinae, Ocenebrinae, Pagodulinae, Typhinae, Muricidae incertae sedis), Zootaxa 5572 (1), pp. 1-162 : 29-31

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5572.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7AF6A560-3FAC-4490-B167-327A7912F242
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73C87F9-FFFA-8044-FF50-A9ECFC9ABEA1
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) subasperrimus (d’Orbigny, 1852)
status

Treatment

Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) subasperrimus (d’Orbigny, 1852) View in CoL

Figs 1 View FIGURE 1 , 10A–E View FIGURE 10

Murex asperrimus Lam. View in CoL — Grateloup 1845: pl. 31, fig. 15 [non Murex asperrimus Lamarck, 1822 View in CoL , = Phyllonotus pomum

( Gmelin, 1791)]. * [ Murex View in CoL ] subasperrimus d’Orb. View in CoL —d’Orbigny 1852: 73, nr. 1340. Murex trunculus Linn. View in CoL var.—Hörnes 1856: 671, pl. 51, figs 4a–b [non Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) trunculus ( Linnaeus,

1758)]. [ Murex trunculus rudis ] F. a galippus De Greg.—De Gregorio 1885a: 264 [nov nom. pro Murex trunculus sensu Hörnes 1856 :

674, pl. 51, fig. 4]. Murex subasperrimus d’Orbigny — Bellardi 1873: pl. 88, pl. 6, figs 12a–b. Murex (Phyllonotus) subasperrimus d’Orb. —Hoernes & Auinger 1885: 211. Murex (Phyllonotus) subasperrimus d’Orb. — Boettger 1902: 31. Murex subasperrimus d’Orb. — Cossmann 1903: 27, pl. 1, fig. 14. Murex (Muricantha) subasperrimus d’Orb. var.— Cossmann & Peyrot 1924: 113, pl. 13, figs 3, 9, 16. Murex ( Hexaplex sect. Muricanthus) subasperrimus Orb. — Korobkov 1955: plate captions, pl. 70, fig. 2. H [exaplex]. (M [uricanthus].) subasperrimus (Orb.) — Sieber 1958: 144. Hexaplex subasperrimus (Alicide d’Orbigny, 1852) — Stojaspal 1978: 334. Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) subasperrimus (d’Orbigny, 1852) — Merle et al. 2011: 318, pl. 37, figs 3–6. Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) trunculus conglobatus ( Michelotti, 1841) — Kovács 2019: 114, figs 5–6 [non Hexaplex

(Trunculariopsis) trunculus conglobatus ( Michelotti, 1841)].

Type material. Syntype MNHN.F.A13323, SL: 79 mm, MD: 61 mm, Bordeaux, Burdigalian (Early Miocene), (picture: Jocelyn Falconet, 2017, MNHN, Paris), Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1866 View Materials /0050/0191, SL: 94.8 mm, MD: 75.2 mm, Baden-Sooss ( Austria), Figs 10A View FIGURE 10 1 – A View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . NHMW 2024 View Materials /0068/0001 (ex A 943), SL: 104.7 mm, MD: 76.8 mm, Grund ( Austria), Figs 10B View FIGURE 10 1 –B View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . NHMW 2024 View Materials /0069/0001, SL: 87.1 mm, MD: 73.3 mm, Vienna / Ottakring ( Austria), Figs 10C View FIGURE 10 1 –C View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . NHMW 1855 View Materials /0045/0894, SL: 65.4 mm, MD: 52.3 mm, Bad Vöslau ( Austria); Figs 10E View FIGURE 10 1 –E View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 .

Additional material. 1 spec., NHMW 1855/0045/0675, SL: 119.6 mm, MD: 82.5 mm, Grund ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1856: pl. 51, fig. 4), holotype of Murex trunculus rudis galippus De Gregorio 1885a, 1 spec., NHMW 1872/0030/0039, Baden-Sooss ( Austria); 1 spec., NHMW 1846/0037/0201, Bad Vöslau ( Austria); 1 spec., NHMW 1851/0013/0022, Bad Vöslau ( Austria).

Revised description. Very large, thick-shelled, broadly fusiform shell with low, gradate spire; apical angle ~75°. Protoconch unknown. Teleoconch of up to five whorls. Suture impressed, shallowly undulating. Early teleoconch whorls convex, worn in all available specimens. Later whorls with shallow, weakly convex subsutural ramp, rounded shoulder placed above mid-whorl, convex below. Sculpture of ten prominent, rounded varices, occasionally with weak intervarical rib. On antepenultimate and penultimate whorls, spiral sculpture of numerous delicate cords on subsutural ramp (including weak adis, IP and adis) and very prominent P1–P3; P1 often with short spines on shoulder varix. Last whorl attaining ~80% of total height; globose with broad, shallow subsutural ramp, rounded shoulder, strongly convex periphery, strongly constricted below.Axial sculpture of ten broad varices and occasional indistinct intervarical rib. Spiral sculpture of prominent, broad, convex, somewhat blurred P1–P6 (P6 on base of convex part of whorl); secondary cords atrophied, poorly distinct from tertiary threads. ADP, ABP prominent, MP weak. Surface covered by numerous delicate, weakly scabrose tertiary threads. P1 forming short, solid, open spines on shoulder. Other primary cords form blunt nodes or short spines on varices. Fasciole swollen, delimiting broad, moderately deep pseudoumbilicus. Aperture wide, broadly ovate to subcircular; outer lip with crenulate margin with incisions at primary cords narrowing into short, weak lirae. Lirae corresponding to internal denticles ID, D1–D6 usually bifid. Anal canal distinctly incised, U-shaped, accentuated by weak parietal swelling. Siphonal canal moderately long, narrow, open, bent to the left; slightly dorsally recurved. Columella moderately excavated, smooth, twisted and angled at siphonal canal. Columellar callus forming broad rim, erect at siphonal canal, adherent in parietal area.

Paratethyan synonyms. Murex trunculus rudis galippus was introduced by De Gregorio (1885a: 264) as new name for the specimen from Grund ( Austria) illustrated by Hörnes (1853, pl. 51, fig.4). This name is treated by us as subjective junior synonym of Murex subasperrimus d’Orbigny, 1852 .

Discussion. The Paratethyan specimens differ from the northeastern Atlantic ones in their larger size, but this does not justify separation. Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) trunculus conglobatus ( Michelotti, 1841) , from the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea, differs in its weaker primary cords, less convex last whorl with comparatively more conical base and a deeper and wider pseudoumbilicus (see Landau et al. 2007: 13, pl. 3, figs 1, 2; Merle et al. 2011: 88, 324, pl. 40, figs 2–4; Landau et al. 2019: 8, pl. 4, fig. 1). A 44-mm-high specimen from Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), identified as Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) trunculus conglobatus by Kovács (2019) differs from the Pliocene species in its longer siphonal canal and is tentatively placed herein in H. (T.) subasperrimus (d’Orbigny, 1852) , and might represent a dwarf or subadult specimen.

Paleoenvironment. Occurrences in the Baden Formation of the Vienna Basin suggest middle to outer neritic settings in up to 250 m water depth ( Kranner et al. 2021).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria) (Hörnes 1853); Vienna Basin: Bad Vöslau, Baden, Vienna /Grinzing ( Austria) (hoc opus); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Boettger 1902; Kovács 2019).

Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Burdigalian (Early Miocene): Colli Torinesi: Baldissero, Termô-Fôurà ( Italy) ( Bellardi 1873); Langhian (Middle Miocene); Rio della Batteria, Villa Forzano ( Italy) ( Bellardi 1873).

Northeastern Atlantic. Burdigalian (Early Miocene): Aquitaine Basin: Bordeaux, Léognan, Saucats ( France) ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1924). Langhian (Middle Miocene): Aquitaine Basin: Saubrigues ( France) ( Merle et al. 2011).

Genus Promurex Ponder & E.H. Vokes, 1988

Type species. Murex antelmei Viader, 1938 View in CoL , by original designation. Present-day, Indo-West Pacific.