Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a)

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard M. & Merle, Didier, 2025, The Muricidae (Gastropoda, Muricoidea) of the Miocene Central Paratethys Sea (Haustrinae, Muricinae, Ocenebrinae, Pagodulinae, Typhinae, Muricidae incertae sedis), Zootaxa 5572 (1), pp. 1-162 : 11-13

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5572.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7AF6A560-3FAC-4490-B167-327A7912F242
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73C87F9-FFEC-8056-FF50-A9ECFB12BDA5
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a)
status

Treatment

Figs 1 View FIGURE 1 , 3A–D View FIGURE 3

[ Murex View in CoL ] brandaris Lin. View in CoL var.— Hauer 1837: 418 [non Bolinus brandaris ( Linnaeus, 1758) View in CoL ].

[ Murex View in CoL ] brandaris Lin. View in CoL — Hörnes 1848: 18 [non Bolinus brandaris ( Linnaeus, 1758) View in CoL ].

Murex brandaris Lin. View in CoL var.—Hörnes 1853: 257, pl. 26, figs 3–4 [non Bolinus brandaris ( Linnaeus, 1758) View in CoL ].

* [ Murex brandaris View in CoL ] var. gapus De Greg. View in CoL —De Gregorio 1885a: 231 [pro Murex brandaris sensu Hörnes 1853 View in CoL : pl. 26, figs 3–4].

Murex (Rhynocantha) subtorularius nov. form.—Hoernes & Auinger 1885: 200.

Murex (Rhinocantha) subtorularius M. Hö. View in CoL — Boettger 1902: 27.

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes et Auinger, 1885 View in CoL — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1956: 398, pl. 4, figs 21–22.

M [urex]. (B [olinus].) subtorularius R. Hörn. et Au. View in CoL — Sieber 1958: 145.

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes et Auinger, 1885 View in CoL —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 143, pl. 38, figs 11–12.

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes & Auinger, 1885 View in CoL — Strausz 1966: 258, pl. 54, figs 11–13.

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes et Auinger View in CoL — Kókay 1966: 56, pl. 7, figs 18–19.

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes et Auinger, 1879 View in CoL — Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968: 139, pl. 39, figs 6a–b.

Murex (Tubicauda) spinicosta Bronn View in CoL — Atanacković 1969: 204, pl. 10, fig. 7 [non Promurex spinicosta ( Bronn, 1831) View in CoL ].

[ Bolinus View in CoL ] gapus De Gregorio, 1885 — Vokes 1971: 53.

[ Bolinus View in CoL ] subtorularius Hoernes & Auinger, 1885 View in CoL — Vokes 1971: 104.

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes & Auinger View in CoL — Nicorici 1972: 68.

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes View in CoL —Auinger 1885— Stojaspal 1978: 336.

Murex (Haustellum) partschi M. Hoernes, 1856 View in CoL — Atanacković 1985: 139, pl. 31, figs 11–12 [non Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853) View in CoL ].

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes & Auinger, 1885 View in CoL — Bałuk 1995: 212, pl. 23, fig. 10.

Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes & Auinger View in CoL — Schultz 1998: 64, pl. 25, fig. 3.

Bolinus subtorularius (Hoërnes & Auinger, 1885) View in CoL — Merle et al. 2011: 77, pl. 29, figs 2–4.

Bolinus subtorularius (Hoernes & Auinger, 1885) View in CoL — Kovács et al. 2018: 111, figs 2F–G.

Bolinus subtorularius (Hoernes et Auinger, 1885) View in CoL — Kovács 2019: 113.

Bolinus brandaris torularius ( Lamarck, 1822) View in CoL — Kovács 2020: 454, pl. 1, figs 1–3 [non Bolinus brandaris torularius ( Lamarck, 1822) View in CoL ].

non Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hoernes &Auinger, 1885 View in CoL —Harzhauser 2002: 94, pl. 6, figs 4, 5 [= Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) trunculoides (Pusch, 1837) ].

non Murex (Bolinus) subtorularius Hörnes & Auinger 1879 View in CoL [sic]— İslamoğlu 2004: 154, pl. 3, fig. 3 [= Bolinus brandaris torularius ( Lamarck, 1822) View in CoL ].

Type material. Lectotype (designated herein): NHMW 1856 View Materials /0050/0122, SL: 83.4 mm, MD: 55.4 mm, Gainfarn ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 26, figs 3a–b), Figs 3D View FIGURE 3 1 –D View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . Paralectotype, NHMW 1860 View Materials /0015/1270, SL: 53.6 mm, MD: 30.2 mm, Grund ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 26, figs 4a–b), Figs 3B View FIGURE 3 1 –B View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1847/0046/0030, SL: 37.7 mm, MD: 21.3 mm, Szob ( Hungary), Figs 3A View FIGURE 3 1 –A View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . NHMW 1869/0001/0280, SL: 63.0 mm, MD: 43.8 mm, Grund ( Austria), Figs 3C View FIGURE 3 1 –C View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 .

Additional material. 3 spec., NHMW 1847 View Materials /0037/0060, Gainfarn ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1855 View Materials /0045/0697, Grund ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1865 View Materials /0001/0791, Vienna / Grinzing ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1867 View Materials /0019/0099, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 6 spec., NHMW 1858 View Materials /0043/0030, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Revised description. Large, moderately solid shell with very long siphonal canal and low, coeloconoid spire; initial spire angle ~45°, increasing to ~100° on later whorls. Protoconch high conical of 1.5 smooth whorls. Teleoconch of up to five whorls. Early spire whorls convex with 12 broad axial ribs; first whorl: P1–P3, second whorl: IP, P1–P3; third whorl: (adis, IP, P1–P3). Whorl profile becoming angulated on second to third whorls with slightly more prominent P1 along shoulder, often bearing short spines on varices at shoulder. Subsutural ramp shallow, strongly widening on last two whorls, bearing adis, IP and abis with single secondary thread intercalated in interspaces. P1 at shoulder, P2 below, s1 and s2 just visible above suture. Suture weakly impressed, shallowly undulating. Varices prominent, rounded. Last whorl attaining ~80% of total height; eight to 10 varices, with wide, weakly convex subsutural ramp, angled at shoulder, subcylindrical mid-whorl, weakly angled and rapidly contracting at base. Sculpture of numerous prominent primary and secondary cords; P1, P3 and P4 slightly stronger, P2, P5–P6 subequal in strength, s1, s3–s5 strong, s2 and s6 less strong, numerous tertiary cords intercalated between P1 and P3. MP and ABP often more prominent than ADP; MP occasionally with short spines; EAB1 occasional. Aperture roundly ovate. Outer lip erect, with weakly crenulate edge, bearing short lirae starting close behind peristome. Lirae corresponding to internal denticles ID, D1 to D6; all denticles split or trifid except D1 and D2 (simple). Anal canal shallowly incised. Siphonal canal very long, open, straight, relatively broad and robust. Columella smooth, twisted at siphonal canal. Columellar callus forming broad rim, erect at transition to siphonal canal, adherent in parietal region.

Paratethyan synonyms. Murex (Rhynocantha) subtorularius Hoernes & Auinger, 1885 is an objective junior synonym of Murex brandaris var. gapus Gregorio, 1885a .

Discussion. Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a) is slightly reminiscent of Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853) , which differs in its trivaricate sculpture, higher spire and less angled last whorl. Bolinus submuticus ( Grateloup, 1845) , from the Early Miocene of France, has a comparable shape but differs in its weaker spiral sculpture, wider spaced varices and less robust shell (see Merle et al. 2011: pl. 28, figs 7–8). Kovács (2020) identified a specimen from Hidas ( Hungary) with comparably long spines on the shoulder varices and short spines on ADP and MP as Bolinus brandaris torularius ( Lamarck, 1822) . However, the coeloconoid spire, prominent spiral sculpture and the broad siphonal canal suggest that the specimen represents a strongly sculptured B. gapus (for discussion and comparison with Bolinus brandaris subtorularius see Landau et al. 2007: pl. 1, figs 3–6; Landau et al. 2011: pl. 10, figs 2–4; Merle et al. 2011: pl. 29, figs 5–8; Landau et al. 2019: pl. 1, figs 1–3).

Paleoenvironment. Shallow marine, inner neritic, e.g., Gainfarn ( Austria) ( Zuschin et al. 2007).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Bałuk 1995); Carpathian Foredeep: Lomnička ( Czech Republic) ( Kovács 2020); North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885); Vienna Basin: Gainfarn ( Austria), Vienna /Grinzing (Hoernes & Auinger 1885; hoc opus); Bakony Mountains: Bánd ( Hungary) ( Kovács 2020); Pannonian Basin: Hidas, Hosszúhetény, Letkés, Kisbattyán, Szob ( Hungary) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885; Kovács et al. 2018; Kovács 2020); s outhern Pannonian Basin: Miljevići ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Mehadia Basin: Valea Calvei, Valea Bela Reca ( Romania) (Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968); Şimleu Basin: Tusa ( Romania) ( Nicorici 1972); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Kovács 2019; hoc opus); Dacian Basin: Dobrusha, Radomirtsi, Trifonovo ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

NHMW	Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien

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Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Mollusca
Class	Gastropoda
Order	Neogastropoda
Family	Muricidae
Genus	Bolinus