Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853)

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard M. & Merle, Didier, 2025, The Muricidae (Gastropoda, Muricoidea) of the Miocene Central Paratethys Sea (Haustrinae, Muricinae, Ocenebrinae, Pagodulinae, Typhinae, Muricidae incertae sedis), Zootaxa 5572 (1), pp. 1-162 : 13-16

Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853)

Figs 1 , 4A–D

[ Murex ] brandaris Lin. ? var. inermis — Hauer 1837: 418 [nomen nudum].

Murex inermis Partsch — Hörnes 1848: 18 [nomen nudum].

* Murex Partschi Hörnes —Hörnes 1853: 258, pl. 25, fig. 5.

Murex Partschi Horn. — Bellardi 1873: 45.

Murex (Haustellum) Partschi M. Hörnes —Hoernes & Auinger 1885: 200.

Murex (Haustellum) partschi M. Hö. — Boettger 1902: 27.

Murex (Haustellum) partschi M. Hö. — Boettger 1906: 41.

Murex (Haustellum) partschi M. Hörnes — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 36.

Murex partschi Horn. — Moisescu 1955a: 258.

Murex (Haustellum) partschi M. Hörnes 1856 — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1956: 433, pl. 5, figs 7–10.

Murex (Haustellum) partschi Hoernes 1856 —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 144, pl. 39, fig. 3. M [urex]. (H [austellum].) partschi Hörn. — Sieber 1958: 145.

Murex (Haustellum) partschi Hörnes, 1856 — Strausz 1966: 260, pl. 54, figs 9–10.

[ Murex ] submutica Grateloup, 1847— Vokes 1971: 103.

Murex (Bolinus) partschi M. Hoernes, 1853 — Stojaspal 1978: 336, pl. 4, fig. 2.

Murex (Bolinus) partschi Hörnes, 1856 — Bałuk 1995: 211, pl. 24, figs 5–7.

Murex (Bolinus) partschi Hörnes, 1856 — Bałuk 2006: 206, pl. 11, figs 3–4.

Bolinus submuticus (Grateloup) — Landau et al. 2013: p. 144, pl. 21, figs 2–3 [non Bolinus submuticus ( Grateloup, 1845) ]. Bolinus submuticus ( Grateloup, 1845) — Kovács et al. 2018: 113, figs 2H–I [non Bolinus submuticus ( Grateloup, 1845) ]. Bolinus submuticus ( Grateloup, 1845) — Kovács 2019: 114 [non Bolinus submuticus ( Grateloup, 1845) ].

non Murex (Haustellum) Partschi Hörn. — Sacco 1904: 18, pl. 4, fig. 24. non Murex (Haustellum) partschi M. Hoernes, 1856 — Atanacković 1985: 139, pl. 31, figs 11–12 [= Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio,

1885a)]. non Murex (Bolinus) partschi Hörnes, 1856 — Mikuž 2009: 26, pl. 8, figs 101–102 [= Hetreopurpura catosus (De Gregorio,

1885a)].

Type material. Lectotype (designated herein) of Murex partschi Hörnes, 1853 : NHMW 1846 /0037/0200, SL: 41.6 mm, MD: 20.2 mm, from Grund ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 25, fig. 5), Figs 4A 1 –A 3 .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1863/0001/0449, SL: 51.0 mm, MD: 25.0 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania); Figs 4B 1 –B 3 . NHMW 1854/0035/0294, SL: 54.0 mm, MD: 26.2 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania); Figs 4C 1 –C 3 . NHMW 1854/0035/0195 a (ex A 250), SL: 48.7 mm, MD: 23.5 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 4D 1 –D 3 .

Additional material. 1 spec., NHMW 1868 /9991/0268, Grund ( Austria) ; 4 spec., NHMW 1884 /0018/1552, Guntersdorf ( Austria) ; 4 spec., NHMW 1863 /0015/1120, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) ; 13 spec., NHMW 1847 /0046/0023, Szob ( Hungary) ; 16 spec., NHMW1853 /0053/0053, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 10 spec., NHMW 1854 /0035/0195, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Revised description. Large, moderately solid, trivaricate shell with very long siphonal canal; spire angle initially ~60°, increasing to ~70° on later whorls. Protoconch conical of three smooth, weakly convex whorls. Teleoconch of six whorls. Early spire whorls convex with ten broad axial ribs; first whorl: P1–P3; second whorl: IP, P1–P3, third whorl: adis, IP, P1–P3 and s2; fourth whorl: adis, IP, P1–P3, s1. Later teleoconch whorls shouldered with broad, weakly concave subsutural ramp; axial ribs weakening over ramp. On penultimate and last whorl, subsutural ramp with prominent adis, IP and abis with single secondary thread intercalated in interspaces. P1 along shoulder only slightly more prominent. Suture weakly impressed, shallowly undulating. Last whorl attaining ~80% of total height with rounded shoulder, three very prominent, rounded varices, and up to four weak intervarical ribs. P1–P6 and s1–s6 of subequal strength with single secondary thread intercalated. Siphonal canal with numerous primary ( ADP, MP, ABP, EAB1 to EAB3) and secondary cords (ads, ms, abs, eabs1, eabs2) without prominent MP. Aperture roundly ovate. Outer lip erect, with crenulate edge, short lirae starting just behind peristome; lirae corresponding to internal denticles ID, D1 to D6; all denticles usually bifid except D1 (simple). Anal canal shallowly incised, small notch. Siphonal canal very long, narrow, straight. Columella with about seven short folds, weakening adapically. Columellar callus forming broad rim, erect at transition to siphonal canal, adherent in parietal region, bearing up to seven denticles, weakening abapically.

Discussion. Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853) displays only moderate morphological variability. It was treated as subjective junior synonym of Bolinus submuticus ( Grateloup, 1845) by Merle et al. (2011), Landau et al. (2013) and Kovács et al. (2018). Bolinus submuticus from the Early and Middle Miocene of the Aquitaine Basin ( France) develops short open spines on the shoulder varices (see Cossmann 1903: pl. 1, fig. 9; Merle et al. 2011: pl. 28, figs 6–10; Lozouet 2023: pl. 9, figs 1–5). This feature does not occur in Paratethyan specimens. In addition, B. submuticus lacks prominent folds on the columella. Therefore, we consider them separate species.

Merle et al. (2011) listed Bolinus sismondai ( Bellardi, 1873) from the Burdigalian of the Colli Torinesi ( Italy) as subjective junior synonym of Bolinus submuticus . The specimen of B. sismondai figured in Merle et al. 2011: pl. 28, fig. 9) from that locality (Brongniart coll.) resembles B. submuticus in shape and sculpture. However, the syntype figured by Ferrero Mortara et al. (1981) displays stronger spiral sculpture. We note that B. sismondai differs from B. partschi in its shorter and broader spire, shallower subsutural ramp, and broader and strongly angled last whorl ( Sacco 1904: pl. 4, figs 27–28; Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981: pl. 1, figs 9a–b). In summary, what has been lumped as Bolinus submuticus by authors is a group of related but distinct species; B. submuticus occurred along the Early Miocene Atlantic coast of France, B. sismondai in the Early Miocene central Proto-Mediterranean Sea, and B. partschi was endemic to the Miocene Paratethys Sea.

Paleoenvironment. Shallow marine, inner neritic, e.g., Gainfarn ( Austria), Letkés ( Hungary); see Zuschin et al. (2007) and Kovács & Vicián (2014) for paleoenvironmental data of the localities.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Bałuk 1995); North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria), Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885); Vienna Basin: Baden, Bad Vöslau, Gainfarn, Niederleis ( Austria), Porzteich at Břeclav ( Czech Republic) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885); Bakony Mountains: Bánd ( Hungary) ( Kovács 2020); Pannonian Basin: Letkés, Szob, Tekeres ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966; Kovács et al. 2018; Kovács 2020); Făget Basin: Buituri, Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus, Nemeşeşti ( Romania) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885; Kovács 2019); Dacian Basin: Bivolare, Bozuritsa, Opanec, Radomirtsi, Târnene ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Serravallian (Middle Miocene): Karaman Basin: Akboğaz, Akpınar ( Turkey) ( Landau et al. 2013).

Genus Chicoreus de Montfort, 1810

Type species. Murex ramosus Linnaeus, 1758 ; original designation by de Montfort (1810: 610). Present-day, Indo-West Pacific.

Subgenus Triplex Perry, 1810

Type species. Triplex foliatus Perry, 1810 [= Triplex palmarosae ( Lamarck, 1822) ]; by monotypy. Present-day, Indo-West Pacific.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Cord diagrams and apertural features for Haustrinae [Haustrum? pyrulatum (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)] and Muricinae [Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a), Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853), Chicoreus (Triplex) aquitanicus (Grateloup, 1833), Chicoreus (Triplex) hirmetzli (Kovács, 2018), Chicoreus (Triplex) notatus (Eichwald, 1830). Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) trunculoides (Pusch, 1837), Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) esplus (De Gregorio, 1885a), Hexaplex(Trunculariopsis) subasperrimus (d’Orbigny, 1852), Promurex spinicosta (Bronn, 1831), Exquisitor graniferus (Michelotti, 1841)].

FIGURE 3. Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a). A1–A3. NHMW 1847/0046/0030, Szob (Hungary). B1–B3. paralectotype, NHMW 1860/0015/1270, Grund (Austria). C1–C3. NHMW1869/0001/0280, Grund (Austria). D1–D3. lectotype, NHMW 1856/0050/0122, Gainfarn (Austria).

FIGURE 4. Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853). A1–A3. Lectotype, NHMW 1846/0037/0200, Grund (Austria). B1–B3. NHMW 1863/0001/0449, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C1–C3. NHMW 1854/0035/0294, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). D1–D3. NHMW 1854/0035/0195a, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).