Kestocenebra subaustriaca ( Stojaspal, 1978 )

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard M. & Merle, Didier, 2025, The Muricidae (Gastropoda, Muricoidea) of the Miocene Central Paratethys Sea (Haustrinae, Muricinae, Ocenebrinae, Pagodulinae, Typhinae, Muricidae incertae sedis), Zootaxa 5572 (1), pp. 1-162 : 43-45

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5572.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7AF6A560-3FAC-4490-B167-327A7912F242
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73C87F9-FFCC-8076-FF50-AABEFBB0BB61
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Kestocenebra subaustriaca ( Stojaspal, 1978 )
status

Treatment

Kestocenebra subaustriaca ( Stojaspal, 1978)

Figs 13 View FIGURE 13 , 17A–D View FIGURE 17

Murex View in CoL Genei Bell. et Mich.—Hörnes, 1853: 231, pl. 24, figs 6–7 [non Kestocenebra genei (Bellardi & Michelotti, 1841) ].

Murex (Phyllonotus) austriacus View in CoL nov. form.—Hoernes & Auinger 1885: 212 [non Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) austriacus Tournouër, 1875 View in CoL ].

P [urpura]. (T [ritonalia].) austriaca (R. Hörn., et Au.)— Sieber 1958: 146 [non Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) austriacus Tournouër, 1875 View in CoL ].

[ Ceratostoma View in CoL ] austriacus Hoernes & Auinger, 1885 View in CoL — Vokes 1971: 20.

* Jaton (Ceratostoma) subaustriaca View in CoL nom. nov. — Stojaspal 1978: 335 [nov. nom. pro Murex (Phyllonotus) austriacus Hoernes & Auinger, 1885 View in CoL ].

Ceratostoma subaustriacus (Stojaspal) View in CoL — Vicián et al. 2017: 269, pl. 2 figs 13–14.

Ceratostoma subaustriacus ( Stojaspal, 1978) View in CoL — Kovács et al. 2018: 125, figs 7P–S.

Ceratostoma subaustriacus ( Stojaspal, 1978) View in CoL — Kovács 2020: 458, pl. 3, figs 17–18.

Type material. Lectotype (designated herein): NHMW 1851 View Materials /0026/0023, SL: 77.5 mm, MD: 41.7 mm, Grund ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 24, figs 6a–b), Figs 17B View FIGURE 17 1 –B View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . Paralectotype: NHMW 1851 View Materials /0024/0023, SL: 51.3 mm, MD: 31.6 mm, Grund ( Austria), Hörnes (1853: pl. 24, figs 7a–b), Figs 17C View FIGURE 17 1 –C View FIGURE 1 3 2 View FIGURE 3 .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1855/0045/0684, SL: 69.9 mm, MD: 44.1 mm, Grund ( Austria), Figs 17A View FIGURE 17 1 –A View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . Collection Anton Breitenberger (Bad Vöslau), SL: 81 mm, MD: 51 mm, Bánd ( Hungary), illustrated in Kovács (2020: pl. 3, figs 17–18), Figs 17D View FIGURE 17 1 –D View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 .

Additional material. 3 spec., NHMW 2024 View Materials /0049/0001 (A940), Grund ( Austria) ; 3 spec., NHMW 1861 View Materials /0001/0214, Grund ( Austria) ; 3 spec., NHMW 1868 View Materials /0001/0214, Grund ( Austria) .

Revised description. Very large, robust, thick-shelled, broad fusiform with low cyrtoconoid spire and brownish calcitic surface-layer; apical angle ~80–96°. Protoconch unknown. Teleoconch of up to six whorls. Suture deeply incised, linear. Early teleoconch whorls low, with broad, shallow, weakly convex subsutural ramp, markedly angled shoulder placed close above abapical suture. Axial sculpture of four broad varices and four slightly weaker intervarical ribs. Spiral sculpture: first whorl: unknown; second whorl, P1 and P2; third whorl, P1, s1, P2; fourth whorl, IP, P1, s1, P2, s2; fifth whorl (penultimate whorl), adis, IP, abis P1, s1, P2, s2 Prominent adis, IP and abis. P1 weak prominent, P2 prominent along shoulder, swollen over ribs and varices. Penultimate and last whorls developing broad, strongly scabrose subsutural collar. Last whorl attaining ~80% of total height with broad convex or weakly concave subsutural ramp, weakly angled at shoulder, forming periphery, convex below, slowly contracting at base. Axial sculpture of four foliose varices with one weak intervarical rib intercalated. Spiral sculpture on last whorl: adis, IP, abis, P1 to P6, s1 to s4, ADP and MP. Cords adis, IP and abis with one tertiary cord intercalated. P1–P6, ADP, MP, ABP only more prominent on varices and ribs, forming short spines on terminal varix. P2, P5, ADP most prominent. P4 most prominent in apertural view. Secondary cords with tertiary threads at each side in interspaces. Interspaces weakly scabrose due to raised growth lines. Long labral tooth on P4, often preserved also on previous varices. Fasciole prominent, relatively narrow, delimiting broad, shallow pseudoumbilicus. Aperture broadly ovate; outer lip thickened, with crenulate edge, with low, poorly defined, partly bifid D1–D4, D5 simple close behind peristome. Anal canal wide, poorly delimited. Siphonal canal moderately long, narrow, open or partly closed, straight or slightly bent to the left. Columella straight, smooth, weakly twisted at siphonal canal. Columellar callus strongly thickened, forming broad rim, sharply delimited from base, adherent in parietal area.

Paratethyan synonyms. Hoernes & Auinger (1885) recognized that the identification of the Paratethyan specimens by Hörnes (1853) was incorrect and introduced Murex (Phyllonotus) austriacus for this species. This name, however, was preoccupied by Murex austriacus Tournouër, 1875 . Consequently Stojaspal (1978) introduced Jaton (Ceratostoma) subaustriaca as a new name for this species.

Discussion. Kestocenebra subaustriaca ( Stojaspal, 1978) was placed by Vokes (1971) in Ceratostoma Herrmannsen, 1846 [type species Murex nuttalli Conrad, 1837 ; present-day, California]. The Paratethyan species lacks flaring varices as developed in species such as the extant Ceratostoma foliatum ( Gmelin, 1791) and Ceratostoma burnetti (Adams & Reeve in Reeve, 1849) but is reminiscent of comparatively weaker sculptured species, such as Ceratostoma rorifluum (Reeve, 1849) and the type species Ceratostoma nuttalli ( Conrad, 1837) . In contrast to Kestocenebra , Ceratostoma foliatum and Ceratostoma burnetti develop a grooved spine placed between P4 and P5 but not a labral tooth on P4. Therefore, both structures are not homologous. In addition, the mode of formation of primary cords is different in the two genera.

Vermeij (1998: 861) considered “ Ceratostoma” austriacus ( Stojaspal, 1978) to be conspecific with “ Ceratostoma” genei (Bellardi & Michelotti, 1841) , from the Early and Middle Miocene of the Colli Torinesi ( Italy) (both placed in Kestocenebra herein). We have not seen material of Kestocenebra genei and have to refer to the illustrations in Bellardi & Michelotti (1841: pl. 3, figs 7–8), Michelotti (1841: pl. 5, fig. 1), Sacco (1904: pl. 6, figs 13–14) and Ferrero Mortara et al. (1981: pl. 3, fig. 6). These illustrations document a comparable variability in shape to that observed in K. subaustriaca . The differences between the two are the shorter base and siphonal canal in the generally smaller Italian species and its closed siphonal canal. Therefore, we keep both species separate.

Paleoenvironment. At the locality Grund channels formed in middle to outer neritic environments and were filled, with allochthonous assemblages uniting coastal-mudflat faunas with inner neritic ones ( Zuschin et al. 2005; Roetzel 2009). Occurrences at Letkés ( Hungary) point to inner neritic environments with corals ( Kovács & Vicián 2014).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria); Vienna Basin: Niederleis ( Austria) (Hoernes &Auinger 1995); Pannonian Basin: Letkés ( Hungary) ( Kovács et al. 2018); Bakony Mountains: Bánd ( Hungary) ( Kovács 2020).