Hirtotyphis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814 )

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard M. & Merle, Didier, 2025, The Muricidae (Gastropoda, Muricoidea) of the Miocene Central Paratethys Sea (Haustrinae, Muricinae, Ocenebrinae, Pagodulinae, Typhinae, Muricidae incertae sedis), Zootaxa 5572 (1), pp. 1-162 : 111-113

Hirtotyphis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814)

Figs 52 , 55A–C

* Murex horridus nob.— Brocchi, 1814: 405, pl. 7, fig. 17.

26, fig. 9.

Murex horridus Br. — Bronn 1838: 1075, pl. 41, fig. 14.

Murex horridus Brocchi — Michelotti 1841: 5, pl. 1, figs 1–2.

[ Murex ] horridus Brocc. — Hörnes 1848: 18.

Murex (Typhis) horridus Brocc. —Hörnes 1853: 260, pl. 26, figs 9a–c.

Typhis horridus Brocc. —D’Ancona 1871: 51, pl. 6, fig. 9.

Typhis horridus — Quenstedt 1884: 654, pl. 211, fig. 36.

Typhis horridus Brocc. —Hoernes & Auinger 1885: 227.

Typhis horridus (Brocchi) — Cossmann 1903: 57, pl. 2, fig. 24.

Typhis horridus (Brocchi) — Cossmann & Peyrot 1924: 236, no. 794, pl. 15, figs 17–18. Typhis horridus (Br.) — Montanaro 1935: 10, pl. 1. fig. 1.

Typhis (Hirtotyphis) horridus (Br.) — Sacco 1904: 17, pl. 4, figs 15–16.

Typhis (Typhis) horridus ( Brocchi 1814) — Glibert 1952a: 294, pl. 6, fig. 5.

Typhis (Typhis) horridus ( Brocchi 1814) — Glibert 1952b: 96, pl. 7, fig. 13.

Typhis (Typhis) horridus (Brocchi) 1814 —Rossi Ronchetti 1955: 181, fig. 94.

Typhis (Typhis) horridus Brocchi — Korobkov 1955: plate captions, pl. 71, fig. 16.

T [yphis]. (T [yphis].) horridus (Brocchi) — Sieber 1958: 145.

Typhis (Typhis) horridus ( Brocchi 1814) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 152, pl. 40, fig. 13. [ Typhis ] horridus Brocchi, 1814 — Vokes 1971: 58.

Typhis horridus (Brocchi) — Eremija 1971: 94, pl. 5, fig. 4.

Typhis (Typhis) horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Malatesta 1974: 300, pl. 24, fig. 7.

Murex horridus Brocchi, 1814 — Pinna & Spezia 1978: 149, pl. 34, fig. 1.

Typhis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Stojaspal 1978: 340.

Typhis (Typhis) horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Inzani & Bertarelli 1985: 35, pl. 4, fig. 11.

Hirtotyphis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — d’Attilio & Hertz 1988: 33, 47, fig. 43.

Typhinellus horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Cavallo & Repetto 1992: 96, fig. 210.

Typhis (Typhina) horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Muniz Solís & Guerra-Merchán 1994: 36, figs 7E–F.

Typhis (Typhis) horridus (Brocchi) — Schultz 1998: 66, pl. 26, fig. 5.

Typhis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Chirli 2000: 42, pl. 18, figs 5–10.

Typhis (Hirtotyphis) horridus (Brocchi) — Landau et al. 2007: 56, text-fig. 15, pl. 14, fig. 8, pl. 15, fig. 1.

Typhis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Sosso & Dell’Angelo 2010: 39, 56 unnumbered fig. third row right.

Typhis (Hirtotyphis) horridus (Brocchi) — Landau et al. 2011: 24, pl. 11, fig. 16.

Typhis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) —Brunetti & Cresti 2018: 72, fig. 263.

Typhis (Hirtotyphis) horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Kovács et al. 2018: 117, figs 3V–W.

Typhis (Hirtotyphis) horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Kovács 2019: 121.

Hirtotyphis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) — Houart et al. 2021: 141, fig. 20G.

Type material. Lectotype: Nr. 5138, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano , Neogene, San Geminiano ( Italy), illustrated in Brocchi (1814: pl. 7, fig. 17).

Illustrated material. NHMW 1869/0001/0174, SL: 25.4 mm, MD: 22.3 mm, Baden ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 26, fig. 9), Figs 55A 1 –A 3 . NHMW 1857/0014/0013, SL: 31.9 mm, MD: 24.2 mm, Lysice ( Czech Republic), Figs 55B 1 –B 3 . NHMW 1866/0040/0290, SL: 23.0 mm, MD: 19.6 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 55C 1 –C 3 .

Additional material. 10 spec., NHMW 1855 /0045/0906, SL: 25.2 mm, MD: 18.4 mm, Bad Vöslau ( Austria) , 2 spec., NHMW 1866 /0001/0155, Niederleis ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1863 /0015/0472, Forchtenau ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1866 /0001/0645, Baden-Sooss ( Austria) ; 10 spec., NHMW 1859 /0027/0138, Möllersdorf ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1890 /0025/0062, Baden ( Austria) ; 11 spec., NHMW 18855 /0045/0022, Baden ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1860 /0001/0218, Lysice ( Czech Republic) .

Description. Landau et al. (2007: 57); for scheme of primary cords see Merle (2001: 12 A).

Discussion. This species is characterized by its long and recurved spines on P2, P3 and P4 giving the shell a sharp prickly appearance characteristic to the genus. Hirtotyphis Jousseaume, 1880 was raised to generic level by Houart et al. (2021), followed herein. Hirtotyphis intermedius ( Bellardi, 1873) is a species originally described from the lower Oligocene of Italy and its protoconch is unknown. It has also been recorded from the Atlantic Burdigalian, Lower Miocene of France, and is assumed to be ancestral to Hirtotyphis horridus ( Brocchi, 1814) , said to differ from H. horridus in having a higher spire, proportionately shorter last whorl, shorter spines, less recurved siphonal canal, and more oval aperture ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1924). Based on specimens from Le Peloua (Saucats, France), Landau et al. (2007: 57) noted further that the paucispiral protoconch of H. intermedius was taller and narrower, with a smaller nucleus, than that of T. horridus . This Burdigalian predecessor seems to have been replaced in the Atlantic by H. horridus by the Middle Miocene Langhian (Loire Basin; Glibert 1952a) and Serravallian (Sallespisse, Pyrénées-Atlantiques; Cossmann & Peyrot 1924: 236), after which H. horridus became widespread along the European Atlantic Frontage, Proto-Mediterranean and Paratethys ( Landau et al. 2007). Paratethyan specimens have long spines and a strongly recurved canal typical of H. horridus . Cossmann & Peyrot (1924: 238) suggested that specimens from Vöslau might be less squat than typical H. horridus but concluded that due to taphonomic changes the spines might have been worn. In any case, specimens illustrated herein are indistinguishable from Pliocene forms (see Landau et al. 2007, text-fig 15; inter alia).

Lozouet (2023: 44) emphasized the importance of protoconchs to distinguish morphologically close species of Oligocene and Early Miocene Hirtotyphis in the northeastern Atlantic. Pliocene specimens of Hirtotyphis horridus have a non-planktotrophic protoconch ( Landau et al. 2007). Examination of protoconchs in Paratethyan specimens will be needed to proof our identification.

Paleoenvironment. Typical in middle to outer neritic, marine environments (e.g., Baden Formation in the Vienna Basin) but also found in inner neritic deposits.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Lysice ( Czech Republic) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885); Vienna Basin: Baden, Baden-Sooss, Bad Vöslau, Gainfarn, Möllersdorf, Niederleis, Steinebrunn, Vienna /Grinzing ( Austria) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) (hoc opus); Pannonian Basin: Letkés, Tekeres ( Hungary) ( Kovács et al. 2018; Kovács 2020); Prnjavor Basin: Pojezna ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ( Eremija 1971); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) (hoc opus); Dacian Basin: Opanec ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

(Proto-)Mediterranean Sea. Tortonian (Late Miocene): Po Basin: Montegibbio ( Montanaro 1935). Pliocene: Po Basin: Albenga, Fornaci di Savona ( Italy) ( Sacco 1904), Estepona Basin: Estepona ( Spain) ( Landau et al. 2007).

Northeastern Atlantic. Langhian (Middle Miocene): Loire Basin: Pontlevoy ( France) ( Glibert 1952a); Burdigalian (Early Miocene): Aquitaine Basin: Saint-Jean-de-Marsacq ( France) ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1924); Langhian (Middle Miocene): Aquitaine Basin: Saubrigues ( France) ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1924); Serravallian (Middle Miocene): Aquitaine Basin: Sallespisse ( France) ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1924).

Genus Siphonochelus Jousseaume, 1880

Type species. Typhis arcuatus Hinds, 1843 ; original designation Jousseaume (1880: 335). Present-day, Indo-West Pacific.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Cord diagrams and apertural features for Haustrinae [Haustrum? pyrulatum (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)] and Muricinae [Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a), Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853), Chicoreus (Triplex) aquitanicus (Grateloup, 1833), Chicoreus (Triplex) hirmetzli (Kovács, 2018), Chicoreus (Triplex) notatus (Eichwald, 1830). Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) trunculoides (Pusch, 1837), Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) esplus (De Gregorio, 1885a), Hexaplex(Trunculariopsis) subasperrimus (d’Orbigny, 1852), Promurex spinicosta (Bronn, 1831), Exquisitor graniferus (Michelotti, 1841)].

FIGURE 3. Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a). A1–A3. NHMW 1847/0046/0030, Szob (Hungary). B1–B3. paralectotype, NHMW 1860/0015/1270, Grund (Austria). C1–C3. NHMW1869/0001/0280, Grund (Austria). D1–D3. lectotype, NHMW 1856/0050/0122, Gainfarn (Austria).

FIGURE 52. Cord diagrams and apertural features of Pagodulinae [Pagodula spinifera (Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1969), Pagodula perditus (De Gregorio 1885b)], Typhinae [Hirtotyphis horridus (Brocchi, 1814), Siphonochelus fistulosus (Brocchi, 1814), Typhinellus labiatus (De Cristofori & Jan, 1832)] and Muricidae incertae sedis [Crassimurex (Eopaziella) zoltani sp. nov., Homalocantha heptagonata (Bronn, 1831), Flexopteron goniostoma (Hörnes, 1853), Pterynotus granuliferus (Grateloup, 1833), Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) sandbergeri (Hörnes, 1856)].

FIGURE 55. Hirtotyphis horridus (Brocchi, 1814). A1–A3. NHMW 1869/0001/0174, Baden (Austria). B1–B3. NHMW 1857/0014/0013, Lysice (Czech Republic). C1–C3. NHMW 1866/0040/0290, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).