Purpurellus cyclopterus ( Millet, 1865 )

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard M. & Merle, Didier, 2025, The Muricidae (Gastropoda, Muricoidea) of the Miocene Central Paratethys Sea (Haustrinae, Muricinae, Ocenebrinae, Pagodulinae, Typhinae, Muricidae incertae sedis), Zootaxa 5572 (1), pp. 1-162 : 139-140

Purpurellus cyclopterus ( Millet, 1865)

Figs 64 , 70A–B

Murex cyclopterus — Millet 1864: 162 [nomen nudum].

* Murex cyclopterus — Millet 1865: 592.

Murex Veranyi — Paulucci 1866: 64, pl. 2, fig. 1, pl. 3, fig. 1.

Murex Veranyi Paul. —D’Ancona 1871: 13, pl. 3, fig. 7.

Murex Gastaldii Bell.— Bellardi 1873: 57, pl. 4, figs 9a–b.

Murex (Pteronotus) cyclopterus Millet — Tournouër 1875: 147, pl. 5, fig. 2.

Murex (Pteropurpura) cyclopterus Millet — Cossmann 1903: 106 pl. 5, fig. 20.

Murex (Pteropurpura) Veranyi (Paul.) — Sacco 1904: 18, pl. 5, fig. 3.

Murex Gastaldii Bell. var.— Macovei 1909: 145, pl. 11, fig. 5.

Murex ( Pteropurpura ) Gastaldii Bellardi — Cossmann & Peyrot 1924: 105, no. 732, pl. 18, figs 6–7. Murex (Pteropurpura) cyclopterus Millet — Cossmann & Peyrot 1924: 444, pl. 17, fig. 36.

Murex ( Pteropurpura ) Gastaldii Bell.— Montanaro 1935: 14, pl. 1, fig. 6.

Murex (Triremis) cyclopterus Millet — Glibert 1952a: 292, pl. 6, fig. 4.

[ Purpurellus ] veranyi Paulucci, 1866 — Vokes 1971: 115.

Pterynotus (Purpurellus) veranyi ( Paulucci, 1866) — Malatesta 1974: 285, pl. 22, fig. 5.

Murex veranyi Paulucci, 1866 — Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981: 31.

Murex gastaldii Bellardi, 1872 — Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981: 32, pl. 2, figs 1a–b.

Pterynotus (Purpurellus) veranyi (Paulucci, 1886 [sic])— Inzani & Bertarelli 1985: 31, pl. 3, figs 10–11. Pterynotus (Purpurellus) veranyi ( Paulucci, 1866) — Andreoli & Marsigli 1992: 11, pl. 4, fig. 3. Pterynotus (Purpurellus) veranyi ( Paulucci, 1866) — Cavallo & Repetto 1992: 89, fig. 191.

Pterynotus gastaldii (Bellardi, 1872) —Muñiz-Solis & Guerra-Merchán 1994: 25, figs 5G–H. Pterynotus (Purpurellus) cyclopterus (Millet, 1866) — Bałuk 1995: 216, pl. 22, figs 9–11.

Pterynotus veranyi (Paolucci [sic])— Chirli 2000: 18, pl. 9, figs 4–10.

Purpurellus gastaldii (Bellardi, 1872) — Lozouet et al. 2001: 54.

Pterynotus (Purpurellus) cyclopterus (Millet, 1866) — Bałuk 2006: 207, pl. 11, fig. 5.

Purpurellus veranyi ( Paulucci, 1866) — Landau et al. 2007: 18, text-fig. 4, pl. 4, figs 3–5, pl. 5, figs 1–5. Purpurellus veranyi ( Paulucci, 1866) — Merle et al. 2011: 142, 480, pl. 118, figs 3–9.

Purpurellus veranyi ( Paulucci, 1866) —Goret et al. 2013: 10, pl. 2, fig. 6.

Purpurellus cyclopterus ( Millet, 1865) —Landau et al. 2016: 224, pl. 1, fig. 3.

Purpurellus cyclopterus (Millet) — Vicián et al. 2017: 268, pl. 2, figs 3–4.

Purpurellus cyclopterus ( Millet, 1865) — Kovács et al. 2018: 114, figs 3G–H.

Purpurellus cyclopterus ( Millet, 1865) —Landau et al. 2019: 13, pl. 9, figs 1–3.

Purpurellus cyclopterus ( Millet, 1865) — Kovács 2019: 117, figs 15–16.

non Murex (Triremis) cyclopterus Millet — Fekih 1975: 116, pl. 35, fig. 4 [= Jaton sowerbyi ( Michelotti, 1841) ].

Type material. We are not aware of the whereabouts of the type specimen(s). Gantier et al. (2023) did not mention this species in the catalogue of the type specimens of Millet housed in the Natural Sciences Museum of Angers .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1870/0033/0077, SL: 54.0 mm, MD: 27.4 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 70A 1 –A 3 . NHMW 1854/0035/0188, SL: 49.5 mm, MD: 24.5 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 70B 1 –B 3 .

Description. See Landau et al. (2007: 18).

Discussion. This species was discussed in detail by Landau et al. (2007, 2016, 2019). Lozouet (2023: 25) discussed the problems in separating the Early Micoene Purpurellus aquitanicus Lozouet, 2023 , with multispiral protoconch, from Purpurellus cyclopterus with paucispiral protoconch. No information on protoconchs is available for the Paratethyan species and therefore, its identification remains somewhat doubtful.

Paleoenvironment. Inner neritic, coastal marine.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Bałuk 1995); Pannonian Basin: Kisbattyán, Letkés, Hosszúhetény ( Hungary) ( Kovács et al. 2018); Bakony Mountains: Bánd ( Hungary) ( Kovács 2020); Mecsek Mountains: Mecsekpölöske ( Hungary) ( Kovács 2020); Bahna Basin ( Romania) ( Macovei 1909); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus. Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Kovács 2019; hoc opus).

(Proto-)Mediterranean Sea. Burdigalian (Early Miocene): Colli Torinesi: Baldissero ( Italy) ( Bellardi 1873); Serravallian (Middle Miocene): Karaman Basin: Seyithasan ( Turkey) (Landau et al. 2016); Tortonian (Late Miocene): Po Basin: Stazzano ( Italy) ( Sacco 1904). Pliocene: Spain ( Landau et al. 2007), France (Goret et al. 2013), Italy ( Cavallo & Repetto 1992; Chirli, 2000).

Northeastern Atlantic. Aquitanian/Burdigalian (Early Miocene): Aquitaine Basin: Cestas, Saint-Paul-lès-Dax, Saucats ( France) ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1924); Langhian (Middle Miocene): Loire Basin: Pontlevoy, Bossée, Thorigné, Sceaux ( France) ( Glibert 1952a); Tortonian (Late Miocene): Algarve Basin: Cacela ( Portugal) (Pereira da Costa, 1867); Loire Basin: St-Clément-de-la-Place, Sceaux-d’Anjou, Renauleau ( France) (Landau et al. 2019).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Cord diagrams and apertural features for Haustrinae [Haustrum? pyrulatum (Hoernes & Auinger, 1882)] and Muricinae [Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a), Bolinus partschi (Hörnes, 1853), Chicoreus (Triplex) aquitanicus (Grateloup, 1833), Chicoreus (Triplex) hirmetzli (Kovács, 2018), Chicoreus (Triplex) notatus (Eichwald, 1830). Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) trunculoides (Pusch, 1837), Hexaplex (Trunculariopsis) esplus (De Gregorio, 1885a), Hexaplex(Trunculariopsis) subasperrimus (d’Orbigny, 1852), Promurex spinicosta (Bronn, 1831), Exquisitor graniferus (Michelotti, 1841)].

FIGURE 3. Bolinus gapus (De Gregorio, 1885a). A1–A3. NHMW 1847/0046/0030, Szob (Hungary). B1–B3. paralectotype, NHMW 1860/0015/1270, Grund (Austria). C1–C3. NHMW1869/0001/0280, Grund (Austria). D1–D3. lectotype, NHMW 1856/0050/0122, Gainfarn (Austria).

FIGURE 64. Cord diagrams and apertural features of Muricidae incertae sedis [Timbellus latifolius (Bellardi, 1873), Timbellus kovacsi sp. nov., Timbellus perlongus (Bellardi, 1873), Timbellus trinodosus (Bellardi, 1873), Timbellus weinmannae sp. nov., Purpurellus cyclopterus (Millet, 1865), Phyllocoma sp., Vitularia linguabovis (de Basterot, 1825)].

FIGURE 70. Purpurellus cyclopterus (Millet, 1865). A1–A3. NHMW 1870/0033/0077, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B3. NHMW 1854/0035/0188, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).