Halpe gamma Evans, 1937

Xue, Guo-Xi, Li, Meng, Liu, Zhi-Fa, Li, Jia-Ling & Wang, Hong-Min, 2025, Description of two new cryptic species related to Halpe gamma Evans, 1937 from China (Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae), Zootaxa 5660 (2), pp. 279-289 : 282

Halpe gamma Evans, 1937

( Fig. 2 : A, Fig. 3 : A, Fig. 4 , Fig. 7 : A, Fig. 8 : A)

Halpe gamma Evans, 1937 , The Entomologist 70: 17, type locality: Formosa; Evans 1949: 261 ( Formosa); Devyatkin 2008: 292, 296, fig. 2 for male genitalia, 434, figs. 3 & 4 for male adult; Wu & Hsu 2017: 1366, 1367, figs. 6 & 7 for adults of both sexes; Hsu et al. 2019: 122, pl. 9, figs. 70, 71 for adults of both sexes, pl. 27, fig. 184 for male genitalia, pl. 45, fig. 254 for female genitalia.

Halpe nephele formosana Tanikawa, 1940 , Taiko 16: 47, type locality: Taiwan. (following Hsu et al. 2019: 122)

Halpe gamma (?): Evans 1949: 261 (Fukien, Ta Tsien Lou); Huang & Wu, 2003: 135, fig. 35 for male genitalia, pl. 11, fig. 13 for male adult; Yuan et al. 2015: 396, fig. 168 for male genitalia, pl. IX, figs. 317 & 318 for male adult; Wu & Hsu 2017: 1367, figs. 5, 8–13 for adults of both sexes; Huang & Wu 2021: 419, figs. 7–10 for male adults and male genitalia; Saito & Inayoshi 2023: 55, fig. 4 for male adult, fig. 5 for male genitalia.

Specimens examined. 2♂♂, Sanmin , Fuxing, Taoyuan Co., Taiwan, China, 20.IX.2011 [Specimen ID E107 , Genitalia No. TW1 ], 8.IX.2008 [Specimen ID E108 , Genitalia No. TW2 ], leg. Hsu Yu-Feng. 1♂, Daman–Xuanyuan , Taoyuan Co., Taiwan, China, 14.VI.1987, leg. Hsu Yu-Feng (genitalia examined from photos).

Remarks. Evans (1937: 17) described this species based on one male specimen from ‘Formosa’ [= Taiwan] and ‘a similar female in the British Museum from Tatsienlou, W. China’. Then, he recorded another male specimen of Halpe gamma from Fujian ( Evans 1949: 261). In his 1949 work Evans designated the male from Formosa as lectotype, stating that it is housed in ‘B.M.’, currently Natural History Museum, London. Subsequent authors published more information on the species, which is now known to be distributed from Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Gansu and central Vietnam. However, judging from the results of the present study and our unpublished data, the true H. gamma is possibly endemic to Taiwan, while the specimens from the mainland China and the Indochina Peninsular require a re-examination to confirm their identities.

The male genitalia of Halpe gamma is illustrated in detail ( Fig. 4 ) for comparison with the following two new species.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Male adults of Halpe. A. H. gamma [Specimen ID E108, Genitalia No. TW2]. B. Holotype of H. inayoshii sp. nov. [Specimen ID B98, Genitalia No. WZS41]. C–E. Paratypes of H. hsuyufengi sp. nov. C. Specimen ID E30, Genitalia No. GD63. D. Specimen ID B87, Genitalia No. GD35. E. Specimen ID A33, Genitalia No. GXST4. F. Holotype of H. hsuyufengi sp. nov. [Specimen ID A34, Genitalia No. GXST1]. d. dorsal side. v. ventral side. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 3. Female adults of Halpe. A. H. gamma (from Hsu et al. 2019: pl. 9, fig. 71). B. Paratype of H. inayoshii sp. nov. [Specimen ID A80, Genitalia No. WZS11]. C–H. Paratypes of H. hsuyufengi sp. nov. C. Specimen ID B6, Genitalia No. GXST5. D. Specimen ID B84, Genitalia No. GD19. E. Specimen ID B81, Genitalia No. GD22. F. Specimen ID B100, Genitalia No. GD18. G. Specimen ID B82, Genitalia No. GD21. H. Specimen ID B83, Genitalia No. GD20. d. dorsal side. v. ventral side. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Halpe gamma [Specimen ID E108, Genitalia No. TW2]. A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B. ditto, lateral view. C. ditto, ventral view. D. ditto, dorsal view, ring removed. E. ring, lateral view. F. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. G. ditto, ventral view. H. left valva, dorsal view. I. aedeagus, right side. J. ditto, left side. K. ditto, ventral view. L. ditto, dorsal view. M. lateral process of tegumen, oblique view, enlarged. N. juxta. lp. lateral process of tegumen. db. distal branch of valva. pb. proximal branch of valva. f. footstalk.

FIGURE 7. Female genitalia of Halpe in ventral view. A. H. gamma (from Hsu et al. 2019: pl. 45, fig. 254). B. H. inayoshii sp. nov. [Paratype]. C–F. H. hsuyufengi sp. nov. C. Specimen ID B81, Genitalia No. GD22. D. Specimen ID B84, Genitalia No. GD19. E. Specimen ID B83, Genitalia No. GD20. F. Specimen ID B6, Genitalia No. GXST5.

FIGURE 8. Lamella antevaginalis and lamella postvaginalis of the female genitalia of Halpe in ventral view, enlarged. A. H. gamma (from Hsu et al. 2019: pl. 45, fig. 254). B. H. inayoshii sp. nov. [Paratype]. C–H. H. hsuyufengi sp. nov. C. Specimen ID B83, Genitalia No. GD20. D. Specimen ID B81, Genitalia No. GD22. E. Specimen ID B84, Genitalia No. GD19. F. Specimen ID B100, Genitalia No. GD18. G. Specimen ID B82, Genitalia No. GD21. H. Specimen ID B6, Genitalia No. GXST5. la. lamella antevaginalis. lp. lamella postvaginalis.