Scaphisoma hilarum, Groll, 2025

Groll, Elisa Von, 2025, Twenty new species of Scaphidiinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil, European Journal of Taxonomy 990, pp. 1-145 : 67-75

Scaphisoma hilarum sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2467E5AF-9F4A-49B8-926C-C6027AA689B8

Figs 1A–B, E–F , 44–49 , 94C–D

Diagnosis

Body length: 1.25–1.41 mm. Blackish. Each elytron with a large dark ochreous macula, near apex yellow. Basal striae absent; adsutural area notably widened and not angulate anteriorly. Clypeus, coxae, femora, metaventrite, and abdomen with strigulate microsculpture. Aedeagus with trifid apex. Females with distal gonocoxite thick.

Etymology

The species epithet is a Latin word meaning ‘cheerful’, ‘merry’, referring to its merry colouration.

Material examined

Holotype

BRAZIL • ♂; Minas Gerais, Viçosa, UFV, Vila Gianetti ; 24 Mar. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; “Falcon 43 / Em Inonotus sp. ( Hymenochaetaceae ) / HOLOTYPUS ♂ ”; CELC. ( Fig. 44D–E )

Paratypes

BRAZIL • 2 ♂♂; 1 ♀ (1 ♂ *); same collection data as for holotype; 10 Mar. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; “Falcon 36/ Em Inonotus sp. ( Hymenochaetaceae )”; CELC • 2 ♂♂; 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 10 Mar. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; “Falcon 42 / Em Inonotus sp. ( Hymenochaetaceae )”; CELC • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 23 Mar. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; “Falcon 42 / Em Inonotus sp. ( Hymenochaetaceae )”; CELC • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ (1 ♀ *); same collection data as for holotype; 23 Mar. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; “Falcon 36 / Em Inonotus sp. ( Hymenochaetaceae )”; CELC • 4 ♂♂, 1 ex. (1 ♂ *, 1 ♂ **); same collection data as for holotype; 24 Mar. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; Falcon 43; CELC • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 25 Mar. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; “Falcon 29 / Em Inonotus sp. ( Hymenochaetaceae )”; CELC • 2 ♂♂; 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 1 Apr. 2022; “Falcon 03 / Em Inonotus sp. ”; CELC • 1 ♂, 1 ex.; same collection data as for holotype; 1 Apr. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; “Falcon 26 / Em Inonotus sp. ”; CELC • 10 ♂♂, 17 ♀♀, 3 ex. (1 ♂ *); same collection data as for holotype; 26 Apr. 2022; E. von Groll leg.; “/ Em Inonotus sp. ”; CELC .

Description

COLOURATION. Blackish; each elytron with a large dark reddish-ochreous macula, apex yellow; head, thoracic ventrites, and abdominal ventrite I dark ochreous-brown; legs, mouthparts, and apex of abdominal ventrites II–VII light ochreous ( Figs 44A–C , 45A ). Variations: (1) paler tonalities ( Fig. 44F– G ); (2) elytral macula absent ( Fig. 44H–J ).

HEAD ( Fig. 45A–I ). Wide (0.41–0.45 mm); punctures very fine; pubescence moderately sparse. Clypeus transverse microsculptured ( Fig. 45A–B ). Labrum shallowly concave posteriorly ( Fig. 45E ). Last labial palpomere not strongly curved; mentum practically square-shaped ( Fig. 45I ). Antennomeres VII–IX wide ( Fig. 45C–D ); antennomere proportions (n =3): I 81/46: II 68/39: III 25/16: IV 40/14:V 64/17: VI 71/21: VII 90/33: VIII 62/25: IX 82/31: X 84/29: XI 117/35.

PROTHORAX ( Figs 45J–L , 46A–B ). Not microsculptured. Pronotum shining; punctures coarse, more visible near posterior bead; pubescence short and moderately dense ( Fig. 45J ). Hypomeron shining, glabrous; prothoracic angle extending about 2× mesepimeron length beyond anapleural line ( Fig. 44B, G, I ). Prosternal process arcuate ( Fig. 45L ). Profurca with robust and slightly curved stalk ( Fig. 45B ).

MESOTHORAX ( Fig. 46C–F ). Visible part of scutellum with length similar to width; tip acute ( Figs 45J , 46C ). Mesanepisternum moderately coarse punctate, densely pubescent ( Fig. 46F ). Mesepimeron about 4.20 × as wide as long ( Fig. 46E–F ). Procoxal rests wider than long; mesoventral lines coarse punctate; secondary lines absent ( Fig. 46D ). Mesoventral process with similar length sides in lateral view ( Fig. 46E ).

METATHORAX ( Fig. 46D–I ). Metaventrite with strigulate microsculpture, finely punctate, and densely pubescent ( Fig. 46F ). Submesocoxal lines slightly arcuate, punctate; submesocoxal area length: 0.03– 0.05 mm ( Fig. 46D–F ). Metanepisternum and metepimeron shining, bearing fine and dense pubescence ( Fig. 46F ). Metanotum alacrista longer than wide ( Fig. 46G ). Metendosternite with arms somewhat oblong ( Fig. 46H–I ).

WINGS ( Figs 44A–C , 46J–L ). Elytra elongate, narrowed posteriorly, coarse punctate – coarser than pronotum –, and moderately pubescent; lateral contours arcuate. Lateral ridge visible in dorsal view. Sutural stria strongly widened and not curved anteriorly; adsutural area wider anteriorly; basal stria absent ( Fig. 44A ). Lateral stria not curving at humeral area ( Fig. 44B ).

LEGS. Femora with strigulate microsculpture ( Fig. 44C ). Metafemora fusiform ( Figs 47A–C , 49D–F ). ABDOMEN. Strigulate microsculptured ( Figs 47G–H , 49J ). Ventrite I with finely punctate and densely pubescent ( Fig. 44B ). Submetacoxal lines arcuate, punctate; submetacoxal area length = 0.07–0.10 mm ( Fig. 47G ). Tergite VI sparsely and finely punctate; pubescence sparse ( Figs 47H , 49J ).

Males

Pre- and mesotarsomeres I–III enlarged, with tenent setae (absent in mesotarsomere I) ( Fig. 47D–F ). Sternite and tergite VIII strigulate microsculptured. Sternite VIII with a shallow triangular projection ( Fig. 47I ). Tergite VIII straight posteriorly ( Fig. 47J ). Tergite IX with short-angled ventral struts ( Fig. 47K ). Sternite IX very elongate, fusiform ( Fig. 47K ). Tergite X triangular ( Fig. 47L ).

AEDEAGUS ( Fig. 48A–J ). Median lobe poorly sclerotized; basal bulb oval (when inflate) and longer than apical lobe; apical lobe slightly curved in lateral view ( Fig. 48C ). Parameres more sclerotized near basal bulb, elongate, and narrowed apically. Internal sac with symmetrical sclerites; sclerite with an apical forceps-shaped structure that connects to aedeagus apex, forming a tripartite apex – this structure can be more or less closed.

MEASUREMENTS (n =8, including holotype, unless otherwise specified; in mm; * =invariant). TL 1.25– 1.41 (1.31 ± 0.05), SY 0.16–0.20 (0.19 ± 0.02), HW 0.41–0.45 (0.42 ± 0.01), IS 0.18–0.23 (0.20 ± 0.01), WA 0.11–0.16 (0.14± 0.02), PL 0.50–0.55 (0.53± 0.02), PA 0.45–0.51 (0.49 ± 0.03), PB 0.74–0.88 (0.82 ± 0.04), SL (n =4) 0.02 *, SW (n= 4) 0.01–0.02 (0.02 ±0.01), EI 0.75–0.86 (0.80 ± 0.04), EL 0.86– 0.99 (0.91± 0.04), EW 0.40–0.50 (0.44 ± 0.03), EH 0.28–0.36 (0.32 ±0.02), Me 0.17–0.23 (0.20 ± 0.02), MeL 0.10–0.14 (0.12 ±0.01), MeW 0.02–0.04 (0.03± 0.01), MB 0.14–0.20 (0.16 ±0.02), MC 0.34–0.40 (0.37 ± 0.02), ML 0.03–0.05 (0.04 ±0.01), MA 0.06–0.10 (0.08± 0.02), MA2 0.12–0.15 (0.13± 0.01), VL 0.23–0.27 (0.25± 0.01), VL2 0.24–0.28 (0.26 ± 0.01), PrF 0.34–0.35 (0.35 ± 0), PrT 0.23–0.26 (0.25 ± 0.01), MsF 0.34–0.36 (0.35 ±0.01), MsT 0.30–0.36 (0.33 ±0.02), MtF 0.40–0.46 (0.43± 0.02), MtT 0.40–0.46 (0.43 ±0.02).

Females ( Fig. 49 )

Ventrite VIII slightly convex posteriorly ( Fig. 49K ). Tergite VIII shallowly concave, posteriorly ( Fig. 49L ). Distal gonocoxite thick, slightly curved; gonostylus fusiform ( Fig. 49M–N ).

MEASUREMENTS (n= 8, unless otherwise specified; in mm; * =invariant). TL 1.25–1.41 (1.32± 0.05), SY 0.17–0.20 (0.18 ± 0.01), HW 0.42–0.45 (0.43 ±0.01), IS 0.20–0.22 (0.21± 0.01), WA 0.12–0.16 (0.14 ± 0.01), PL 0.46–0.55 (0.52 ± 0.03), PA 0.45–0.54 (0.50 ± 0.03), PB 0.75–0.85 (0.81± 0.03), SL (n=2) 0.02 *, SW (n= 2) 0.02–0.03 (0.03 ±0.01), EI 0.76–0.89 (0.81± 0.04), EL 0.84–0.94 (0.90 ± 0.04), EW 0.44–0.46 (0.45 ±0.01), EH 0.27–0.33 (0.31 ±0.03), Me 0.18–0.22 (0.20 ±0.01), MeL 0.09–0.13 (0.10 ± 0.02), MeW 0.03–0.04 (0.03 ± 0), MB 0.15–0.19 (0.17 ±0.01), MC 0.33–0.38 (0.35± 0.02), ML 0.03–0.05 (0.04 ± 0), MA 0.07–0.08 (0.07 ± 0.01), MA2 0.12–0.16 (0.14 ±0.01), VL 0.22– 0.26 (0.24 ±0.01), VL2 (n=7) 0.24–0.27 (0.26 ± 0.01), PrF 0.32–0.37 (0.35± 0.01), PrT 0.24–0.27 (0.25 ± 0.01), MsF 0.34–0.37 (0.35 ±0.01), MsT 0.29–0.34 (0.32 ±0.02), MtF 0.40–0.44 (0.41± 0.02), MtT 0.40–0.44 (0.42 ±0.01).

Host

Collected from Inonotus sp. ( Hymenochaetaceae ) ( Figs 1A–B, E–F , 94A–D ).

Remarks

The species belongs to the S. haemorrhoidale group ( Löbl 1970), being more similar in size and aedeagus shape to S. jacobsoni Löbl, 1975b . However, it differs by the rather widened adsutural area and the sutural striae not angulate anteriorly. It is also similar to S. jacqi Löbl & Ramage, 2022 ( Ramage & Löbl 2022), differing by the angle of the sutural striae, and by strigulate microsculpture of the metaventrite, absent in S. jacqi .

Distribution

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, campus of Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil ( Figs 1A–B, E–F ).

Figures

Fig. 1. Collection sites. A–B. Distribution maps of Scaphidiinae Latreille, 1806. A. South America. B. Minas Gerais (part). C–D. Entrance of Mata da Biologia (Viçosa, MG). E–F. Vila Gianetti (Viçosa, MG). G. Collecting from Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa T.Macbr. on a fallen tree (Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa, MG).

Fig. 44. Scaphisoma hilarum sp. nov. (CELC). A–E. Holotype, ♂. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. ventral view. D. Labels. E. Pinned. F–G. Paratype, ♂ (#37). F. Dorsal view. G. Lateral view. H–J. Paratype, ♂ (#40). H. Dorsal view. I. Lateral view. J. Ventral view. Scales in mm.

Fig. 45. Scaphisoma hilarum sp. nov. (CELC). A. Holotype, ♂, head, frontal view. B. Paratype, ♂ (#58), head, frontal view. C–D. Antennae. C. Paratype, ♂ (#58). D. Paratype, ♀ (#55). E–I. Paratype, ♂ (#58). E. Labrum. F–G. Mandibles. H. Maxilla. I. Labium. J. Holotype, ♂, prothorax, dorsal view. K–L. Paratype, ♂ (#58), prothorax. K. Dorsal view. L. Lateral view. Abbreviation: pp =prosternal process. Scales in mm.

Fig. 46. Scaphisoma hilarum sp. nov. (CELC). A–E. Paratype, ♂ (#58). A–B. Prothorax. A. Ventral view. B. Inner view. C. Scutellar shield. D–E. Meso- and metathorax. D. Ventral view. E. Lateral view. F. Holotype, ♂, oblique view. G–L. Paratype, ♂ (#58). G. Metanotum. H–I. Metendosternite. H. Dorsal view. I. Lateral view. J–K. Elytra. L. Hind wing. Abbreviations: al= alacrista; fa =furcal arm; mma= median membranous area; mp = mesoventral process; mvl=mesoventral line; ns =notosternal suture; pr =profurca; ps= prescutellarline;px =procoxalrest;sml = submesocoxalline;sss =scutoscutellar suture. Scales in mm.

Fig. 47. Scaphisoma hilarum sp. nov. (CELC). A–G. Paratype, ♂ (#58). A–C. Legs. A. Fore. B. Middle. C. Hind. D–F. Tibiae. D. Pro. E. Meso. F. Meta. G. Ventrite. H. Holotype, ♂, abdomen, dorsal view. I–L. Paratype, ♂ (#58). I. Sternite VIII. J. Tergite VIII. K. Tergite IX. L. Tergite X. Abbreviations: smtl=submetacoxal line; st9= sternite IX; tg9 =tergite IX; vs =ventral struts. Scales in mm.

Fig. 48. Scaphisoma hilarum sp. nov., aedeagus (CELC). A–E. Paratype, ♂ (#58). A. Frontal view. B. Sclerite of internal sac, frontal view. C. Lateral view. D. Dorsal view. E. Sclerite of internal sac, dorsal view. F–I. Paratype, ♂ (#57). F. Frontal view. G–J. Sclerite of internal sac. G. Frontal view. H. Doral view. I. Lateral view. J. Paratype, ♂ (#16), dorsal view. Abbreviations: apx =apex of aedeagi; pa= parameres; scl=sclerite of internal sac. Scales in mm.

Fig. 49. Scaphisoma hilarum sp. nov. (CELC). A–C. Paratype, ♀ (#13). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D–I. Paratype, ♀ (#55). D–F. Legs. D. Fore. E. Middle. F. Hind. G–I. Tarsi. G. Pro. H. Meso. I. Meta. J. Paratype, ♀ (#13), abdomen, dorsal view. K–N. Paratype, ♀ (#55). K. Sternite VIII.L. Tergite VIII. M. Genitalia. N. Ovipositor. Abbreviations: dg = distal gonocoxites; gs =gonostyli. Scales in mm.

Fig. 94. Hosts of Scaphidiinae Latreille, 1806 (Viçosa, MG). A–D. Inonotus sp. (Vila Gianetti) (Hymenochaetaceae). C–D. Scaphisoma hilarum sp. nov. 1 on Inonotus sp. E. Resupinate/ crust fungi (Mata da Biologia). F. Resupinate/crust fungi (Mata da Biologia).