Scaphisoma peculiare, Groll, 2025

Groll, Elisa Von, 2025, Twenty new species of Scaphidiinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil, European Journal of Taxonomy 990, pp. 1-145 : 90-97

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.990.2903
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EBB48E32-AFE7-45DE-8985-665968426DB0
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15498831
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F46F87B6-FF86-2336-1436-643AFE0F6C71
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Scaphisoma peculiare
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Scaphisoma peculiare sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:21613515-84E8-49AA-9560-B65537EB8CDE

Figs 1A–D View Fig , 60– 64 View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig , 93E–F View Fig

Diagnosis

Body length: 1.46–1.70 mm. Oblong; brown, appendages yellow. Last maxillary palpomere modified, flattened apically. Sutural stria present and connected to basal. Mesocoxal lines slightly arcuate; submesocoxal area very short. Metacoxal lines parallel to metacoxae; submetacoxal area very short. Males lacking tenent setae. Abdominal ventrite I with punctures coarse and dense; densely pubescent. Median lobe, parameres, and sclerite of internal sac elongate and curved in frontal view. Apex of parameres irregular denticulate. Distal gonocoxite fusiform.

Etymology

The species epithet is a Latin word meaning ‘singular’, due to the different characteristics of the species.

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Minas Gerais, Viçosa, Mata da Biologia ; 12 Nov. 2020; E von Groll and G.L.N. Martins leg.; “/ Em fungo branco ressupinado em tronco caído / HOLOTYPUS ♂”; CELC. ( Fig. 60D–E View Fig )

Paratypes BRAZIL • 4 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, 6 ex. (1 ♂ *, 1 ♀ *, 1 ♂ **, 1 ♀ **); same collection data as for holotype; 12 Nov. 2020; E von Groll and G.L.N. Martins leg.; “/ Em fungo branco ressupinado em tronco caído”; CELC • 5 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, 12 ex. (1 ♂ *, 1 ♂ **, 1 ♀ *); 15 Oct. 2021; E. von Groll and A. Orsetti leg.; “Fungo 30 / Em fungo branco ressupinado no tronco caído”; CELC .

Description

COLOURATION. Brown; antennae, legs, mouthparts, apex of elytra, and posterior bead of abdominal ventrites and tergites yellow ( Figs 60A–C, H View Fig , 63B View Fig ). Variation: (1) paler tonalities ( Fig. 60F–G View Fig ).

HEAD ( Figs 60H–K View Fig , 61A–E View Fig ). Frons finely punctate; area between antennae with coarse punctures; pubescence moderately dense ( Fig. 60H View Fig ). Clypeus widened posteriorly ( Fig. 60I View Fig ). Distance between antennal insertion less than 2× the size of the insertion, easily seen in dissected heads ( Fig. 60I View Fig ). Labrum conspicuously concave posteriorly ( Fig. 61A View Fig ). Mandibles not strongly curved, thick ( Fig. 61B–C View Fig ). Last maxillary palpomere with truncate apex ( Fig. 61D View Fig ). Last labial palpomere distinctly curved; mentum with sides similar in length ( Fig. 61E View Fig ). Antennomeres elongate ( Fig. 60J–K View Fig ); antennomere proportions (n=6): I 85/50: II 88/44: III 29/19: IV 38/15:V 78/18: VI 94/20:VII 117/37:VIII 90/23: IX 124/31: X 117/33: XI 123/30.

PROTHORAX ( Fig. 61F–J View Fig ). Pronotum with punctures fine and sparse; pubescence short, fine ( Fig. 61F View Fig ). Hypomeron shining, almost glabrous; posterior angle extending just a little beyond anapleural line ( Fig. 61C View Fig ). Prosternal process forming a just slightly arcuate curvature ( Fig. 61H View Fig ). Profurca elongate, straight ( Fig. 61J View Fig ).

MESOTHORAX ( Figs 61K View Fig , 62A–C View Fig ). Visible part of scutellum with similar sides ( Fig. 61F View Fig ), tip not strongly acute ( Fig. 61K View Fig ). Mesoventral process short in lateral view ( Fig. 62B View Fig ). Mesanepisternum with few punctures ( Fig. 62C View Fig ). Mesepimeron about 2.59 × as wide as long ( Fig. 62C View Fig ). Mesoventral lines straight, impunctate ( Fig. 62A View Fig ); secondary lines present, curved ( Fig. 60B View Fig ).

METATHORAX ( Fig. 62A–F View Fig ). Metaventrite with punctures moderately coarse, pubescence dense and thick ( Fig. 62C View Fig ). Submesocoxal lines slightly arcuate; submesocoxal area short, length = 0.03 mm ( Figs 62A–C View Fig , 64C View Fig ). Metanepisternum less pubescent than metaventrite, wider near metacoxae ( Fig. 62C View Fig ). Metepimeron densely pubescent. Metanotum with alacrista ‘P-shaped’ laterally ( Fig. 62D View Fig ). Metendosternite with wide ventral lamina, arms forming an angle of approximately of 40° ( Fig. 62E–F View Fig ).

WINGS ( Fig. 62G–I View Fig ). Elytra narrowed apically; punctation coarse and sparse. Sutural stria connected to basal ( Fig. 61F View Fig ). Adsutural area narrow ( Fig. 60A View Fig ). Basal stria impunctate and reaching about basal mid-width of elytra. Lateral stria punctate, curved at humeral area ( Figs 60B View Fig , 64B View Fig ).

LEGS ( Figs 62J–O View Fig , 64D–I View Fig ). Femora elongate and thin, not microsculptured. Apical spine of protibiae I longer than tarsomere I.

ABDOMEN. Ventrites conspicuously coarse with dense punctures and pubescence ( Figs 60B–C, G View Fig , 64B View Fig ). Submetacoxal lines parallel to coxae, coarse and densely punctate ( Figs 62C View Fig , 63A View Fig ). Submetacoxal area remarkably short: 0.01–0.04 mm ( Fig. 62C View Fig ). Tergite VI coarse punctate and densely pubescent; micropunctured ( Figs 63B View Fig , 64J View Fig ).

Males

Tibiae slightly curved. Protarsomeres I–III just a slightly wider – visible only under microscope; lacking tenet setae ( Fig. 62M–O View Fig ). Sternite and tergite VIII lacking microsculpture and both with a wide apical projection ( Fig. 63C–D View Fig ). Tergite IX with ventral struts forming a flat plate ( Fig. 63E View Fig ). Sternite IX guitarshape ( Fig. 63F View Fig ). Tergite X ellipsoidal ( Fig. 63G View Fig ).

AEDEAGUS ( Fig. 63H–M View Fig ). Median lobe with basal bulb membranous and rounded; apical lobe distinctly elongate and thin, longer than basal bulb ( Fig. 63H–J, L–M View Fig ); apical lobe and parameres curved in frontal view ( Fig. 63J View Fig ). Parameres more ( Fig. 63M View Fig ) or less ( Fig. 63L View Fig ) separated, with irregular denticulate apex, resembling broken structures ( Fig. 63J View Fig ). Internal sac thin, elongate and curved ( Fig. 63K View Fig ).

MEASUREMENTS (n= 8, including holotype, unless otherwise specified; in mm). TL (n=10) 1.52–1.66 (1.58 ± 0.04), SY 0.17–0.19 (0.18± 0.01), HW 0.49–0.50 (0.49 ± 0.01), IS 0.21–0.22 (0.22 ± 0), WA 0.13– 0.15 (0.14± 0.01), PL 0.59–0.65 (0.62± 0.02), PA 0.50–0.56 (0.53± 0.02), PB 0.93–1.04 (0.96± 0.04), SL (n= 7) 0.01–0.03 (0.02± 0.01), EI 0.94–1.06 (1.00± 0.04), EL 1.05–1.15 (1.10± 0.03), EW 0.54–0.59 (0.55 ± 0.02), EH 0.38–0.45 (0.41± 0.02), Me 0.23–0.27 (0.24 ± 0.01), MeL 0.03–0.05 (0.04 ± 0.01), MeW 0.10–0.12 (0.11 ±0.01), MB 0.19–0.23 (0.21± 0.01), MC 0.30–0.37 (0.33 ±0.03), ML 0.03–0.04 (0.03± 0.01), MA 0.02–0.03 (0.02± 0), VL 0.24–0.29 (0.26 ± 0.02); VL2 (n=7) 0.28–0.31 (0.29± 0.01), PrF 0.43–0.47 (0.45 ± 0.02), PrT 0.30–0.35 (0.31 ±0.02), MsF 0.45–0.49 (0.47 ±0.02), MsT 0.39–0.45 (0.43 ± 0.02), MtF 0.48–0.52 (0.50 ± 0.01), MtT 0.48–0.52 (0.50 ± 0.01).

Females ( Fig. 64 View Fig )

Sternite and tergite VIII with a wide apical projection ( Fig. 64K–L View Fig ). Tergite VIII imbricate microsculpture ( Fig. 64L View Fig ). Distal gonocoxite fusiform and curved; gonostylus wide, triangular ( Fig. 64M–N View Fig ).

Spermatheca not detected.

MEASUREMENTS (n =7, unless otherwise specified; in mm). TL (n= 12) 1.46–1.70 (1.62 ± 0.08), SY 0.16– 0.19 (0.18 ±0.01), HW 0.46–0.51 (0.49± 0.02), IS 0.20–0.24 (0.22 ±0.01), WA 0.13–0.17 (0.15± 0.01), PL 0.59–0.68 (0.64± 0.03), PA 0.50–0.58 (0.54 ±0.03), PB 0.89–1.06 (0.98 ±0.06), SL 0.02–0.03 (0.02 ± 0), EI 0.95–1.13 (1.04± 0.06), EL 1.06–1.19 (1.13± 0.04), EW 0.54–0.6 (0.57 ± 0.02), EH 0.39– 0.46 (0.43± 0.03), Me 0.24–0.27 (0.25 ± 0.01), MeL 0.04–0.05 (0.04 ± 0), MeW 0.10–0.11 (0.10 ± 0.01), MB 0.19–0.23 (0.21 ± 0.02), MC 0.30–0.39 (0.33± 0.04), ML 0.03–0.04 (0.03 ± 0.01), MA 0.01–0.04 (0.03 ± 0.01), VL 0.26–0.31 (0.28± 0.02), VL2 0.28–0.34 (0.30± 0.02), PrF 0.41–0.47 (0.45 ± 0.02), PrT (n =6) 0.28–0.40 (0.32 ± 0.04), MsF 0.43–0.47 (0.46 ± 0.01), MsT 0.38–0.45 (0.42 ±0.03), MtF 0.47– 0.54 (0.5 ± 0.02), MtT 0.47–0.54 (0.50 ±0.02).

Host

Collected from undetermined resupinate and/or crust fungi ( Fig. 93E–F View Fig ).

Remarks

The punctation of submeso- and submetacoxal lines, the sutural and basal striae are similar to S. repandum Casey, 1893 . Nonetheless, S. peculiare sp. nov. can be easily distinguished by the unusual shape of the last maxillary palpomere and more variable body length range.

Distribution

Mata da Biologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, campus of Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil ( Fig. 1A–D View Fig ).