Crocidura kornfeldi Kormos, 1934

Pazonyi, Piroska, Mészáros, Lukács, Hír, János & Mta-Mtm-Elte, Zoltán Szentesi, 2016, The lowermost Pleistocene rodent and soricid (Mammalia) fauna from Beremend 14 locality (South Hungary) and its biostratigraphical and palaeoecological implications, Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 33, pp. 99-134 : 103-104

Crocidura kornfeldi Kormos, 1934

( Fig. 2 )

Material – 14 left mandible fragments with 3 I 1, 4 A 1, 9 A 2, 10 M 1, 10 M 2, 5 M 3 ; 12 right mandible fragments with 1 I 1, 3 A 1, 4 A 2, 5 M 1, 4 M 2, 1 M 3 ; 1 skull fragment with left A 1, A 3, M 1 -M 3 and right A 1 -A 3, P 4, M 1 -M 2 ; 15 left maxillary fragments with 2 I 1, 1 A 1, 1 A 2, 1 A 3, 5 P 4, 9 M 1, 7 M 2 ; 8 right maxillary fragments with 1 I 1, 3 A 1, 3 A 2, 2 A 3, 4 P 4, 5 M 1, 4 M 2 ; Isolated teeth: 7 left and 12 right I 1, 2 left and 5 right M 1 or M 2, 2 right M 3, 5 left and 5 right I 1, 1 left and 1 right A 1, 2 right P 4, 4 left and 2 right M 1, 1 left and 2 right M 2.

Measurements – Table 2 .

Description – Dental formula is 143/123. The dental elements are not pigmented. The coronoid process is blunt and low. The coronoid spicule is small, situated high and indistinct. The external temporal fossa is long, narrow and indistinct. The internal temporal fossa is reaching to halfway up the coronoid process, and a subfossa is present above it. I 1 apex is pointed and the talon also has a little, sharp cone. The cingulum along the posterior buccal margin is narrow but well-pronounced, usually it is undulate. The first upper antemolar is elongated, the two posterior ones are considerably smaller. A 3 is somewhat smaller than A 2. The parastyle of P 4 is protruding and separated from the paracone by a deep valley. The protocone is small. A small hypocone is visible on the cingulumlike ridge running along the lingual margin of the tooth. The posterior margins of P 4 and M 1 are much concave. Both of the upper molars are relatively broad and short. The M 1 AW is far smaller than the PW. The shape of M 2 is trapezoidal, its anterior part is far wider than the posterior one. The parastyle on M 2 is long and curved, while the metastyle is short and straight. M 3 protocone, paracone, and hypocone are about equal in size. I 1 is slightly bicuspulate. The buccal cingulum is narrow but pronounced. A 1 is anteroposteriorly quite elongate, but low, A 2 is much higher. M 1 -M 2 buccal cingula are narrow but well-pronounced. It is undulate in all specimens, but it is less undulate on M 2 than on M 1. M 3 talonid is reduced to a single cuspid.

Remarks – There are two similar Crocidura species reported from the Early Pleistocene of Europe: C. kornfeldi Kormos, 1934 and C. obtusa Kretzoi, 1938 . BOTKA & MÉSZÁROS (2015) distinguished these two forms by the characteristics of the mandible. Based on the shape of the coronoid process and the indistinct coronoid spicule we ranged the Beremend 14 Crocidura remains to C. kornfeldi .

Figures

Fig. 2. Crocidura kornfeldi Kormos, 1934; complete left mandible, buccal view (VER 2016.3572.1.). – Fig. 3. Sorex minutus Linnaeus,1766; incomplete right mandible with A fragmentand M -M, buc2 1 2 cal view (VER 2016.3572.2.). – Fig. 4. Sorex runtonensis Hinton, 1911; left mandible fragment with A and M -M, buccal view (VER 2016.3572.3.). – Fig. 5. Sorex (Drepanosorex) savini Hinton, 1911; 2 1 2 right mandible fragment with M 1 -M 2, buccal view (VER 2016.3572.4.). – Fig. 6. Beremendia fissidens (Petényi, 1864); complete right mandible, buccal view (VER 2016.3572.5.). – Fig. 7. Petenyia hungarica Kormos, 1934; right maxillary fragment with M 1 -M 2, occlusal view (VER 2016.3572.6.).– Figs 8–9. Asoriculus gibberodon (Petényi, 1864).– 8. Left M, occlusal view (VER 2016.3572.7.).– 9. Right 1 mandible fragment with M , buccal view (VER 2016.3572.8.). – Fig. 10. Soricidae gen et sp. indet.; 2 left mandible fragment with M 1, buccal view (VER 2016.3572.9.).Scale bars = 1 mm