Sanguinoderma aurantiacus K. Y. Niu, S. M. Tang & Z. L. Luo, 2025

Niu, Kai-Yang, Su, Xi-Jun, Yu, Feng-Ming, Li, Lin, Luo, Zong-Long & Tang, Song-Ming, 2025, Three new species of Sanguinoderma (Ganodermataceae, Basidiomycota) from Southwest China revealed by morphology and phylogenetic analysis, MycoKeys 118, pp. 245-265 : 245-265

Sanguinoderma aurantiacus K. Y. Niu, S. M. Tang & Z. L. Luo sp. nov.

Figs 2 , 5 a, b

Diagnosis.

Sanguinoderma aurantiacus differs from S. bambusae by having a funnel shape with alternating concentric zones that are black to dark orange pileus, larger pores, a thinner pileus, and basidiospores that are ellipsoid to subglobose.

Etymology.

The epithet “ aurantiacus ” refers to the dark orange pileus.

Holotype.

China • Yunnan Province, Dehong Prefecture , on the ground with humus, alt. 1,548 m, 24.365600 ° N, 98.048299 ° E, Kai-Yang Niu, 8 August 2023, HKAS 144478 .

Description.

Basidiomata annual, centrally to laterally stipitate, corky to woody, and hard. Pileus funnel-shaped, up to 5 cm in diameter and 5 mm thick; pileus surface dark orange (# a 56 d 4 f), dull, glabrous, with alternating concentric zones that are black (# 000000) to dark orange (# ac 7758); dense and radial fine wrinkles; margin dark red (# 984 b 3 e), acute, entire, wavy, and slightly incurved when dry; Context up to 1 mm, homogeneous, light grayish (# d 4 d 9 ce), and corky without black melanoid lines. Tubes up to 4 mm long, grayish orange (# d 4 c 9 b 7), corky, and unstratified. Pores are 4–5 per mm, long oval to long polygon, dark grayish (# ac 9 d 90) when dry, changing to red when bruised, then quickly darkening when fresh, without discoloration and entire dissepiments when dry. Stipe is up to 8.9 cm long and 4 mm in diameter, cylindrical, hollow, slightly curved, dark grayish (# 958377) to black (# 000000), and fibrous to woody.

Hyphal system trimitic, with generative hyphae are 4–8 μm in diameter, hyaline, thin-walled, and with clamp connections; skeletal hyphae are 4–7 μm in diameter, pale yellow, thin- to thick-walled with a wide or narrow lumen to subsolid, arboriform, branched, and flexuous; binding hyphae are 1–3 μm in diameter, pale yellow, branched, and flexuous. All hyphae IKI –, CB –. Context darkened in KOH. Pileipellis hymeniderm, close arrangement appears as regular palisade, apical cells are 40–80 × 5–8 μm, long stick, pale yellow. Basidiospores are ellipsoid to subglobose, faint yellow, IKI – and CB +, with double and thin walls, exospore wall smooth, endospore wall features conspicuous pillars, (10.0 –) 10.3–13.4 (– 13.5) × (8.9 –) 9.1–10.7 (– 10.9) μm, L = 11.4 μm, W = 9.8 μm, Q = 1.16 (40 / 2). Under SEM, exospore wall has regular and continuous wart-like protrusions. Cystidia absent. Basidia broadly clavate to subglobose, thin-walled, 19–29 × 16–18 μm; Basidioles broadly clavate, hyaline, thin-walled, 20–24 × 16–20 μm.

Additional specimens examined.

China • Yunnan Province, Dehong Prefecture , on the ground with humus, alt. 1,492 m, 24.357600 ° N, 98.049762 ° E, Kai-Yang Niu, 7 August 2023, HKAS 144479 .

Notes.

In multi-locus phylogenetic analysis, S. aurantiacus formed a sister clade with S. bambusae . However, S. aurantiacus differs from S. bambusae by having a dark orange pileus surface with a dark red margin, thinner context (1 mm), and larger pores (4–5 per mm) (Table 2 ).

Sanguinoderma infundibulare B. K. Cui & Y. F. Sun and S. aurantiacus have similar dark orange pilei, concentric rings, and pores (4–6 per mm). However, S. infundibulare has a tomentose pileus surface, thicker context (4–5 mm), shorter pileipellis cells (23–30 × 6–11 μm), and smaller spores (10.2–12 × 9–10.2 μm) ( Sun et al. 2022 a).

Figures

Figure 2. Morphological characteristics of Sanguinoderma aurantiacus (HKAS 144478) a – c basidiomata d pileus cross-section e pores f pileipellis g generative hyphae h skeletal hyphae i binding hyphae j basidioles k basidia l, m basidiospores. Scale bars: 1 cm (c); 3 mm (d); 1 mm (e); 30 μm (f, g, h, l); 20 μm (i); 15 μm (j, k, m).

Figure 5. Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) of basidiospores of Sanguinoderma a, b S. aurantiacus (HKAS 144478) c, d S. bambusae (HKAS 144474) e, f S. niger (HKAS 144477). Scale bars: 5 μm (a, b); 3 μm (c – f).