Psittacara Vigors, 1825

Nascimento, Rafael S. & Silveira, Luís Fábio, 2024, Fossil and subfossil birds of Brazil, Zoologia (e 23079) 41, pp. 1-234 : 176-179

Psittacara Vigors

600. Psittacara leucophthalmus (Statius Müller)

Quaternary – MG, PI

Conurus pavua – Winge 1887: 41.

[ Conurus ] pavua – Goeldi 1894: 128.

Conurus pavua – Lambrecht 1933: 770.

Aratinga leucophthalmus – Brodkorb 1971: 212.

Aratinga leucophthalmus [ Conurus pavua ] – Mones 1986: 95. Aratinga leucophthalmus – Cuello 1988: 52.

Psittacara leucophthalmus – Boles 2017: 10.

Psittacara leucophthalmus – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 495.

Winge (1887) reported two humeri and an ulna from Lapa da Escrivânia V, a humerus from Lapa da Escrivânia XI, a carpometacarpus from a“saltpeter cave near Escrivânia”, a humerus from “various caves” [26], and a maxilla, a humerus, and a tibiotarsus of recent age [28].

Psittacidae [in part] – Guérin et al. 1993a: 198.

Psittacidae [in part] – Guérin et al. 1993b: 328.

Aratinga leucophtalmus [sic] – Guérin et al. 1996: 84.

Aratinga leucophtalmus [sic] – Guérin et al. 2002: 136.

Guérin et al. (1996) reported this species from Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião. At least three adults and one young individual are present in the material .

Passeriformes Linnaeus 601. cf. Passeriformes 1

Holocene – PE

“aves, possivelmente passeriformes” – Silva 2003: 290.

Silva (2003) mentioned possible passeriform long bones from the Letreiro do Sobrado rock shelter in Petrolândia, Pernambuco .

602. cf. Passeriformes 2

Late Holocene – RS

cf. Passeriformes – Rosa 2006b: 232.

Rosa (2006b) reported a bone from level 3 of the Chácara do Leão (RS-LC-96) site in Palmares do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. The material is deposited in the IAP/Unisinos collection .

603. Passeriformes indet. 1 (spp.)

Quaternary – MG

“en hel Del Spurvefugle, saa godt som alle mesomyode; af de acromyode, de egenlige Sangfugle, der ellers ere de talrigste i Hulerne (smaa Finker o. s. v.), findes der netop Spor” [Lapa do Capão Seco] – Winge 1887: 11.

“Ikke faa ubestemte Spurvefugle, mesomyode og acromyode” [Lapa da Escrivânia XI] – Winge 1887: 13.

“Adskillige ubestemte Spurvefugle, mesomyode og acromyo- de” [Lapa da Lagoa do Sumidouro] – Winge 1887: 13.

“Nogle faa Spurvefugle, mesomyode og acromyode” [Lapa da Cerca Grande] – Winge 1887: 14.

“Enkelte Knogler af acromyode Spurvefugle” [Lapa da Escrivânia III] – Winge 1887: 14.

“Nogle faa Spurvefugle, mesomyode og acromyode” [Lapa da Escrivânia IX] – Winge 1887: 14.

“En Del ubestemte Spurvefugle, mesomyode og acromyode” [”Saltpeter cave near Escrivânia”] – Winge 1887: 14.

“Flere Spurvefugle; acromyode, i alt Fald de fleste” [Lapa do Marinho II] – Winge 1887: 14.

“En Del Spurvefugle, mesomyode og acromyode” [Lapa da Pedra dos Índios] – Winge 1887: 14.

“To Knogler af to Arter Spurvefugle” [Lapa do Periperi I] – Winge 1887: 14.

“En Del ubestemte Spurvefugle” [”various caves”] – Winge 1887: 15.

“ Passeres [“Arternes store Tal”] [in part?] – Winge 1887: 47. Passeriformes indet. 1 (spp.) – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 495.

Winge (1887) reported multiple indeterminate passeriforms, most from Lapa da Escrivânia V, but also“Mesomyodes” and“Acromyodes” [40] from Lapa da Escrivânia IX and XI, Lapa da Lagoa do Sumidouro, Lapa da Cerca Grande, Lapa da Pedra dos Índios, Lapa do Capão Seco (mostly“Mesomyodes”), and a “saltpeter cave near Escrivânia”, “Acromyodes” from Lapa da Escrivânia III and Lapa do Marinho II (at least the majority), two bones of two species from Lapa do Periperi I, and an amount from “various caves” [26].

He noted that the large number of species and the uniformity of most bones make it difficult to determine them and even a much larger collection of recent, well-determined skeletons than what was available would not allow a better diagnosis of many of these specimens. Furthermore, this material may contain representatives of groups that have not been determined among the fossils collected by Lund, such as Pipridae , Parulidae , and Coerebinae .

604. Passeriformes indet. 2 (spp.)

Quaternary – MG

“En Maengde ubestemte Spurvefugle, mesomyode og acromyode” – Winge 1887: 51.

Passeriformes indet. 2 (spp.) – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 495.

Winge (1887) reported indeterminate “Mesomyodes” and “Acromyodes” passeriforms of recent age in a considerable number, without attribution to a locality.

605. Passeriformes indet. 3 (spp.?)

Holocene – RJ

“passeriformes (Sabiá?)” – Kneip et al. 1975: 105. “passeriformes” – Kneip 1977: 51–52.

“passeriformes (sabia?)” – Souza Cunha et al. 1977: 147. Passeriformes – Ruschi 1979: 36.

“aves passeriformes” – Mendonça de Souza and Mendonça de Souza 1981 –1982: 115.

Passeriformes [in part?] – Gaspar 2003: 58.

Kneip et al. (1975) reported passeriform remains (suggesting a possible association with turdids) from layers I and II of Sambaqui do Forte , in Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro. The bones are fragmented and consist of a few individuals .

606. Passeriformes indet. 4 (spp.)

Quaternary – MG

Passeriformes – Souza Cunha and Guimarães 1978: 219. Passeriformes – Souza Cunha and Guimarães 1981 –1982: 248. Passeriformes indet. 3 (spp.) – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 495.

Souza Cunha and Guimarães (1978, 1981 –1982) report- ed numerous passeriform bones discovered by the Franco-Brazilian Archeological Mission (1971–1976) in Lapa Vermelha in Confins, Minas Gerais. The material includes mandibles, maxillae, and several long bones and is deposited in the MN

collection. Their poor state of conservation (the bones fell apart easily) prevented a more accurate determination.

607. Passeriformes indet. 5 (spp.?)

Late Holocene – RJ

“passeriformes” – Kneip et al. 1984: 347.

Kneip et al. (1984) reported three fragments of small passeriforms from Sambaqui da Embratel in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. They figure among material collected in 1980 and 1981 .

608. Passeriformes indet. 6

Late Holocene – RJ

“ Fringillidae ou Thraupidae ” – Lima and Silva 1984: 30.

Lima and Silva (1984) reported a complete right humerus possibly referable to Fringillidae or Thraupidae from the Ilha de Santana site in Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, dated 1,260±330 years BP. They noted that the size and morphology match that of Saltator .

609. Passeriformes indet.? 7 (spp.?)

Quaternary – MG

Passeriformes – Souza Cunha and Magalhães 1986: 122. Passeriformes indet. 4 (spp.?) – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 495.

Souza Cunha and Magalhães (1986) noted that passeriforms may figure among the avian remains from Cerca Grande in Matozinhos, Minas Gerais.

610. Passeriformes indet. 8 (spp.)

Quaternary – PI

Passeriformes – Guérin et al. 1993a: 198.

Passeriformes – Guérin et al. 1993b: 328.

Passeriformes – Guérin et al. 1996: 85.

Passériformes indet. – Guérin et al. 2002: 136.

Guérin et al. (1993a, 1993 b, 1996) reported indeterminate small to medium-sized passeriforms from Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião.

611. Passeriformes indet. 9

Late Pleistocene – PE

“oiseaux indéterminés” [in part?] – Guérin 1993: 18.

“aves passeriformes” – Lima and Viana 1993: 67.

“ Aves passeriformes” – Viana and Agostinho 1995: 139.

“ossos indeterminados de aves” [in part?] – Galindo et al. 1995 –1996: 41.

Lima and Viana (1993) reported passeriform remains from tanks of the Lagoa da Pedra site in Conceição das Crioulas, Salgueiro , Pernambuco. Viana and Agostinho

(1995) reported the remains to consist of limb parts found in the site’s facies B.

612. Passeriformes indet. 10

Late Holocene – MS

Passeriformes – Schmitz et al. 1998: 181.

Schmitz et al. (1998) reported a fragment from level 3 of the MS-CP-22 site in Ladário, Mato Grosso do Sul.

613. Passeriformes indet. 11 (spp.?)

Late Holocene – MS

Passeriformes – Schmitz et al. 1998: 187.

Schmitz et al. (1998) reported a fragment from level 2 and another from level 3 of the MS-CP-32 site in Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul.

614. Passeriformes indet. 12 (spp.?)

Holocene – RS

“pássaros pequenos” – Dias 2003: 148.

“pássaros pequenos” – Dias 2004a: 37.

Dias (2003, 2004a) reported small passeriform remains from the Sangão (RS-S-327) rock shelter in Santo Antônio da Patrulha , Rio Grande do Sul .

615. Passeriformes indet. 13 (spp.?)

Holocene – RS

Passeriformes – Jacobus 2004: 99.

Jacobus (2004) reported passeriform remains from the Dalpiaz (RS-LN-1) rock shelter in Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul. The material is deposited in the MARSUL collection.

616. Passeriformes indet. 14

Late Holocene – MG

Passeriforme – IBAMA 2005b: 156.

Passeriforme [?] – Oliveira 2008: 26, 78, fig. 13A.

IBAMA (2005b) reported passeriform remains from Lapa do Carlúcio in Itacarambi, Minas Gerais. Oliveira (2008) reported an almost complete subfossil skeleton from the same cave, but it is unclear whether it refers to the same material.

617. Passeriformes indet. 15

Late Holocene – RS

Emberizidae – Rosa 2006c: 250.

Rosa (2006c) reported an “ Emberizidae ” bone from level 1 of square 3 of the RS-LC-80 site in Palmares do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. The material is deposited in the IAP/ Unisinos collection.

618. Passeriformes indet. 16 (spp.?)

Early Holocene – RS

Passeriformes – Rosa 2006f: 2.

Emberizidae – Rosa 2009: 141.

Passeriformes – Rosa 2009: 151.

Emberizidae – Dias 2012: 15.

Rosa (2009) reported 179 bones (four from square A6, one from B6, one from B7, 50 from C5, three from C6, 29 from D5, 88 from D6, and three from D7) from the Garivaldino (RS-TQ-58) site in Montenegro, Rio Grande do Sul. Remains from square A6 were detected in the site’s three occupation periods. The author mentioned “ Emberizidae ” among the determined material. The material is deposited in the CEPA collection.

619. Passeriformes indet. 17

Late Holocene – SC

“ Passeriforme ” – Teixeira 2006: 21.

“ Passeriforme ” – Campos 2015: 61.

Teixeira (2006) reported a bone from level 7 of the Rincão (SC-IÇ-06) site in Içara, Santa Catarina. The material is deposited in the IAP/Unisinos collection.

620. Passeriformes indet. 18

Late Holocene – RS

“ Passeriformes não-identificado” – Rosa et al. 2009: 142.

Rosa et al. (2009) reported two bones of at least one individual from the Guarani site RS-T- 114 in Marques de Souza , Rio Grande do Sul .

621. Passeriformes indet. 19

Late Holocene – MS

Passeriformes – Schmitz et al. 2009: 331.

Schmitz et al. (2009) reported a bone from level 7 of the MS-MA-180 site in Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul.

622. Passeriformes indet. 20

Late Holocene – MS

Passeriformes – Schmitz et al. 2009: 334.

Schmitz et al. (2009) reported a bone from level 6 of the MS-MA-84 site in Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul.

623. Passeriformes indet. 21

Late Holocene – MS

Passeriformes – Schmitz et al. 2009: 342.

Schmitz et al. (2009) reported a bone from level 3 of the MS-MA-16A site in Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul.

624. Passeriformes indet. 22 (3 spp.)

Quaternary – BA

“três espécies ainda não determinadas [ Passeriformes ]” – Silva and Cozzuol 2010: 111.

Silva and Cozzuol (2010) reported eight humeri representing three indeterminate passeriforms among material collected in the 1980s at Toca da Boa Vista in Campo Formoso, Bahia. The fossils are deposited in the MHNJB/ UFMG collection.

625. Passeriformes indet. 23

Holocene – RN

“passeriformes” – Silva 2013: 91.

Passeriformes – Silva 2014: 133.

Silva (2013, 2014) reported passeriform material among remains collected by the staff of NEA-UFPE, starting in the 1990s, in rock shelters of the Pedra do Alexandre site in Carnaúba dos Dantas, Rio Grande do Norte .

626. Passeriformes indet. 24

Late Holocene – RS

Passeriformes – Ferrasso and Schmitz 2015: 126.

Ferrasso and Schmitz (2015) reported a passeriform phalanx about 7 mm long from the RS-LN-279 site at the northern coast of Rio Grande do Sul, aged 3,310±40 years BP.

Thamnophilidae Swainson

Thamnophilinae Swainson Dysithamnus Cabanis

627. Dysithamnus sp.

Quaternary – TO

Desithamnus [sic] sp. – Salum et al. 2016: 153.

Salum et al. (2016) reported incomplete post-cranial thamnophilid materials from Gruta do Urso ( Fig. 1.17) in Aurora do Tocantins, Tocantins, aged between 22,000 –3,800 years BP. The remains are represented by the humeri (the most abundant, with four specimens), tibiotarsi, tarsometatarsi, and femora. Five genera were preliminarily determined, but the remains likely include a greater diversity. One of the determined genera is Dysithamnus .