Dermoloma bellerianum Bon

Adamčíková, Katarína, Kiran, Munazza, Caboň, Miroslav, Matheny, Brandon P., Sánchez-García, Marisol, Arnolds, Eef, Caboňová, Michaela, Corriol, Gilles, Dima, Bálint, Friebes, Gernot, Griffith, Gareth W., Grootmyers, Django, Harries, David, Karich, Alexander, Mešić, Armin, Mihaljevič, Martin, Moreau, Pierre-Arthur, Pošta, Ana, Shapkin, Vasilii, Tkalčec, Zdenko, Vizzini, Alfredo, Vondrovicová, Lenka, Adamčík, Slavomir & Jančovičová, Soňa, 2025, A phylogenetic and morphological study of the genus Dermoloma (Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) in Europe and North America exposes inefficiency of opportunistic species descriptions, IMA Fungus 16, pp. e 157337-e 157337 : e157337-

Dermoloma bellerianum Bon , Doc. Mycol. 28 (109–110): 6. 1998.

Figs 15 a, b , 16

Holotype.

France • Pyrénées-Orientales, Ferrières, col de Spandelles , under Buxus (pastures?), 30 Sep 1972, Jean Beller Beller 912 ( LIP – only notes in M. Bon’s collection, material not located) .

Epitype

(designated here MBT 10022906): United Kingdom • Wales, Pembrokeshire, Upton Castle , coord. 51°42'22"N, 04°51'57"E, terrestrial in lawn, 26 Oct 2014, D. Harries ( SAV F-4416 ) .

Distinguishing characters.

European species; basidiomata moderately large to large; stipes and lamellae pale white; spores narrow (Q> 1.7), 2.9–3.4 μm wide.

Pileus 13–31 (– 60) mm; convex to broadly conical; margin not striate, sometimes lobate; surface strongly radially rugulose and veined; color when young grayish brown (8 F 3), when mature near margin brownish gray (6 C 2) or ochraceous-gray (5 B 2), near center dark brown (6 F 3) to black, sometimes brownish ochraceous (6 C 3). Stipe 27–48 (– 70) × 3.5–8 (– 10) mm; cylindrical, narrowed towards the base, slightly flexuous; surface finely longitudinally striate, near lamellae pruinose, towards the base finely fibrillose to almost smooth, sometimes with fine darker gray squamules; color white to gray (B 1) or brownish gray (6 D 2). Lamellae L = 38–50 (– 55), l = (0 –) 1–3 (– 7); 2.5–5 mm wide; adnexed or adnate-emarginate, sometimes decurrent with tooth; color almost white to yellowish white (4 A 2), sometimes gray (B 1) to brownish gray (6 C 2); edges entire or serrulate, early eroded. Context first compact and elastic, later fragile in pileus; odor strongly farinaceous.

Spores (4.3 –) 5.1–5.6 – 6.1 (– 6.9) × (2.5 –) 2.9–3.2 – 3.4 (– 3.9) μm; narrowly ellipsoid to oblong, Q = (1.42 –) 1.64–1.79 – 1.93 (– 2.3); walls inamyloid, sometimes thick-walled and dextrinoid, hilar appendage ca. 1–1.5 μm long. Basidia (17 –) 20–23 – 26 (– 31) × (4 –) 5–5.7 – 6.5 (– 7.5) μm; clavate; number of sterigmata variable, most often 2 or 4 sterigmata, or mixture of these, occasionally with 3 and 1 sterigmata. Basidioles first cylindrical, then clavate, ca. 2.5–5.5 μm wide. Marginal cells (10 –) 12–16 – 20 (– 23) × (2 –) 2.5–3.9 – 5 (– 6) μm; usually clavate, sometimes obpyriform or cylindrical, rarely fusiform, sometimes lobate. Pileipellis 45–55 μm deep; suprapellis of mainly one, occasionally two layers of inflated cells; subpellis 13–18 μm deep, hardly differentiated, with irregularly oriented, puzzled, 4–12 (– 15) μm wide hyphae, sharply delimited from horizontally oriented hyphae in trama; hyphal terminations with brownish parietal pigments and without incrusted pigments, in subpellis with thickened walls up to 1 μm. Terminal cells near pileus margin (25 –) 34.5–45 – 55 (– 76) × (11 –) 16–20.5 – 25 (– 32) μm; usually sphaeropedunculate, sometimes obpyriform or clavate, rarely lageniform, fusiform or clavate-lageniform; subterminal cells usually narrower and branched, clavate or obpyriform, often with lateral swellings. Terminal cells near pileus center (20 –) 36.5–50 – 63 (– 89) × (9.5 –) 1 5–21 – 26 (– 36) μm; usually sphaeropedunculate, sometimes clavate or obpyriform; subterminal cells narrower or equally wide, often with lateral swellings or irregularly lobate. Caulocystidia (19 –) 28–44.2 – 60 (– 118) × (2.5 –) 4.6–6.7 – 9 (– 12) μm; clavate or cylindrical, rarely fusiform, usually not or only slightly flexuous, often clustered in small ascending fascicules, sometimes individual and repent; usually with slightly thickened walls up to 0.5 μm, often with crystalline or granulose yellow incrustations. Clamp connections present.

Distribution and ecology.

Known from Croatia, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Slovakia and Wales ( United Kingdom); in semi-natural grasslands and deciduous forests on calcareous soil, mainly in temperate regions, so far sequence-verified north to the hemi-boreal SE Norway.

Additional material studied.

Croatia • Zagreb, Maksimir , coord. 45°50'11"N, 15°59'27"E, semi-natural grassland, 4 Nov 2003, M. Čerkez ( CNF 1/3243 ) . France • Hautes-Pyrénées, Castet de Gerde , coord. 43°03'35"N, 00°09'54"E, Brachypodium fringe, 8 Dec 2012, G. Corriol GC 12120807 ( BBF, as D. atrocinereum ) ; • Nord, Loos, parc de la Faculté de pharmacie de Lille , coord. 03°02'24"N, 50°36'16"E, calcareous grassland on rich soil, 3 Oct 2005, P. - A. Moreau PAM 05100303 ( LIP) ; • Oise, Sacy-le-Grand, Marais de Sacy, sud de Saint Martin-Longueau , coord. 49°19'57"N, 02°36'08"E, 3 Oct 2013, P. Clowez CL / F 13.170 ( LIP) . Germany • Baden-Württemberg, Justingen, Schachenheide , coord. 48°24'35"N, 09°40'25"E, terrestrial in semi-natural grassland, 3 Oct 2021, M. Caboň ( SAV F-20911 ) . Italy • Emilia-Romagna, Poggio di Carviano ( Grizzana Morandi BO ), in an herbaceous clearing under Cedrus atlantica , 31 Oct 1993, G. Consiglio GC 93319 ( AMB 15101 , as D. pragense ) . Norway • Oppland, Gjøvik, Biri, Eriksrud NR , coord. 60°56'43"N, 10°38'20"E, in calcareous Tilia forest, 10 Sep 2019, T. E. Brandrud and B. Dima TEB 338 b- 19 ( O) ; • Østfold, Moss, Jeløy, Refsnesskogen , coord. 59°26'51"N, 10°36'49"E, on rich soil with Hygrocybe spp. , 6 Sep 2011, T. Læssøe NOBAS 2392-16 ( O-F-21095 ) . Slovakia • Biele Karpaty Mts., 1.5 km E of Nová Bošáca, Blažejová Natural Monument , elev. 415 m, coord. 48°52'33"N, 17°49'03"E, terrestrial on meadow, 27 Nov 2005, S. Jančovičová ( SAV F-4143 ) ; • Poloniny Mts., 4 km N of Stakčín, pastures above the water reservoir Starina , elev. 380–420 m, coord. 49°02'43"N, 22°14'56"E, terrestrial, 25 Sep 2017, M. Caboň ( SAV F-20227 ).

Notes.

Dermoloma bellerianum is a member of D. subgenus Dermoloma , section Conica . In the field the species is defined by pale colors especially on the lamellae and stipes, in addition to the typically conical pilei. It is morphologically well-defined by narrow spores (Q> 1.6). The only similar and closely related species is D. aff. bellerianum documented below based on a single collection. The concept of this species was based on the morphology matching the original description ( Bon 1998). The original description only mentioned bisporic basidia but the number of sterigmata was variable among studied collections. The only remaining part of the original material of D. bellerianum (collection of Beller no. 912) is M. Bon’s drawings on his unpublished sheet. The material is lost, but we hesitated to select M. Bon’s drawings as the lectotype because Jean Beller’s herbarium might still be preserved. The collection SAV F-4416 was designated as an epitype, because it is geographically closest to the type collection area among collections with good sequence representation and documentation. The phylogenetic concept of the species presented here agrees with a previously published study by Sánchez-García et al. (2021).

Figures

Figure 15. Basidiomata of Dermoloma in field appearance. a Dermoloma bellerianum (SAV F- 4416, epitype), photo D. Harries; b Dermoloma bellerianum [LIP (PAM 05100303)], photo P. - A. Moreau; c Dermoloma carpathicum (SAV F- 4268), photo S. Jančovičová; d Dermoloma carpathicum (SAV F- 20805), photo S. Jančovičová; e Dermoloma compactum (SAV F- 23421), holotype, photo G. Friebes; f, g Dermoloma compactum (SAV F- 20794), photo S. Jančovičová. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figure 16. Dermoloma bellerianum (SAV F- 4416, epitype), microscopic elements. a Spores; b caulocystidia; c basidia and basidioles; d marginal cells; e pileipellis elements near the pileus margin; f pileipellis elements near the pileus center. Scale bar: 5 µm for spores and 10 µm for other elements.