Protaphidius nawaii ( Ashmead, 1906 )

Kim, Sangjin, Sohn, Juhyeong, Lee, Minho & Kim, Hyojoong, 2025, First records of the genera Aclitus and Protaphidius (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) from South Korea, Biodiversity Data Journal 13, pp. e 161563-e 161563 : e161563-

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.13.e161563
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16779379
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7C77C16-7B66-5074-BCEE-17E6AAFE4B25
treatment provided by	Biodiversity Data Journal by Pensoft
scientific name	Protaphidius nawaii ( Ashmead, 1906 )
status

Treatment

Protaphidius nawaii ( Ashmead, 1906) View in CoL

Aclitus nawaii Ashmead, 1906: 188 .

Aphidius nawaii Watanabe, 1957: 2 .

Protaphidius wissmannii Starý, 1958: 88-90 View in CoL .

Protaphidius nawaii Starý & Schlinger, 1967: 105-107 View in CoL .

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 1 female; occurrenceID: 5B79443B-CFA4-58D8-A3E2-7B96E39AC4AB; Taxon: scientificName: Protaphidius nawaii Ashmead, 1906 ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera ; family: Braconidae ; genus: Protaphidius ; specificEpithet: nawaii ; taxonRank: species; Location: higherGeography: East Asia; country: South Korea; countryCode: KR; stateProvince: Gangwon-do; municipality: Inje-gun; locality: Girin-myeon ; Identification: identificationRemarks: reared from Stomaphis sp. on Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb., 1850 (Fagacceae).; Event: eventDate: 17 Jul 2021.; Record Level: type: dried specimen; institutionCode: KSNU, Kunsan National University

Diagnosis

Female from South Korea. Length of body in lateral view 9.3 mm (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 A). Length of antennae 2.2 mm (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 B) and fore wing 1.8 mm (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 J).

Head. Head transverse (width / median length in dorsal view = 2.1), with sparse long setae. Eye large (length eye / temple in dorsal view = 2.6), oval, sparsely setose (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 G). Face with sparse setae, width / height ratio 2.1 (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 D). Tentorial index 0.7 (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 D). Clypeus oval with 9 long setae. Malar space 0.5 times as long as longitudinal eye diameter (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 D). Antenna 25 - segmented (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 B). F 1 equal to F 2 (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 C). F 1 and F 2 1.6 x and 1.7 × their basal width, respectively. F 1 and F 2 with five longitudinal placodes (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 C). Maxillary palp with four palpomeres, labial palp with three palpomeres (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 D).

Mesosoma. Mesopleuron with precoxal sulcus (= prepectal carina) at anterior half (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 K). Dorsal surface of mesoscutum sparsely setose along the dorsolateral part on each side (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 E). Scutellum without scutellar sulcus carina (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 E); nearly triangular, bearing 6 long setae (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 E). Propodeum transverse (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 F). Pterostigma broad (pterostigma length / width = 2.5), anterior third of the pterostigma colorless and a vertical colorless region runs along this point on the fore wing (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 J). Pterostigma longer than vein R 1 (= metacarpus) (length pterostigma / vein R 1 = 1.4). Veins r and 3 RSa distinctly present. Veins 3 RSb and 3 M extended, but not reaching wing margin, vein r-m weakly sclerotised, colorless. Vein m-cu extended to center of fore wing. Vein 2 CUb apically curved upward, not reaching wing margin (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 J). Legs sparsely setose. Fore femur maximum length / width = 5.5; tibia maximum length / width = 8.4, with one tibial spur; fore femur length equal to fore tibia; fore basitarsus long (fore tarsus / fore basitarsus = 2.3). Tibia of middle and hind legs with two tibial spurs. Hind femur maximum length / width = 5.0; hind tibia maximum length / width = 11.5, hind femur shorter than hind tibia (hind femur / hind tibia length = 0.6); hind basitarsus long (hind tarsus / hind basitarsus = 2.3) (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 O).

Metasoma. Petiole elongated (petiole length / width at level of spiracles = 3.1) (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 H, I), curved in lateral view; anterior and lateral parts of petiole rugose, median-dorsal part with vertical lines (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 H, I); metasomal tergites 2 and 3 fused; metasomal tergite 4 and the following tergites are distinctly tubiform and telescoped (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 L, M). Ovipositor sheath slightly downwards (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 N).

Color. Antenna brown and tips of each flagellomere dark brown. Head brown; face, clypeus and mouth-parts dark brown. Both anterior and posterior ends of pterostigma with vertical colorless region on fore wing. Mesosoma and dorsal view of metasoma dark brown; petiole brown, with dark brown spot behind of spiracles on each side. Metasomal tergite 4 and the following tergites brown. Legs brown with dark apices.

Biology

A solitary endoparasitoid of Stomaphis sp. [ Quercus mongolica ] (in this study), S. aphananthae [ Aphananthe aspera ], S. japonica [ Quercus acutissima ], S. maloti [ Mallotus japonicus ], S. yanonis [ Celtis sinensis , Zelkova serrata ].

Notes

We examined several specimens of P. wissmannii at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden, Netherlands), but due to image quality issues, these were not included in this paper. According to Yamamoto et al. (2020) and Staverløkk et al. (2022), the morphological diversity and species boundaries within the group remain unclear. Further studies incorporating molecular techniques, along with assessments of morphological variation and ecological traits, are needed to investigate the existence of potential cryptic species. A re-description of the type specimen can be found in Starý and Schlinger (1967).

Sequences from the South Korea specimen are provided here (Suppl. material 2).

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Arthropoda
Class	Insecta
Order	Hymenoptera
Family	Braconidae
Genus	Protaphidius