Parinari Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane

Barros, Natália, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de, Sothers, Cynthia & Peixoto, Ariane Luna, 2025, Flora of Espírito Santo: Chrysobalanaceae, Rodriguesia (e 00872024) 76, pp. 1-39 : 35-36

9. Parinari Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 514. 1775.

The genus comprises 39 species, with a Pantropical distribution ( Barbosa-Silva 2024). A single species occurs in EspÍrito Santo state, Parinari brasilienis (Schott) Hook.f.

9.1. Parinari brasiliensis (Schott) Hook.f. , Fl. bras . 14(2): 51. 1867.

Basionym: Petrocarya brasiliensis Schott , Systema Vegetabilium, editio decima sexta 4(2): 405. 1827. Figs. 1 k-l; 2 Tree, up to 30 m tall, DBH 25–53 cm; young branches villous to tomentose, becoming glabrous with age, lenticellate. Leaves elliptic, 6.5–8.5(14) ×

2.9–4 cm, chartaceous, discolorous, base cuneate, apex acute, margin with discoid glands abaxially, glabrous adaxially, tomentose abaxially with stomatal crypts, midrib impressed adaxially, prominent and sparsely tomentose in both surfaces, primary veins ca. 18(30) pairs, sparsely tomentose to glabrescent abaxially; petiole 0.5–1 cm long, velutinous or sparsely tomentose, canaliculate, with 2 glands at middle; stipules caducous (not seen). Inflorescence terminal, paniculate, pubescent to densely pubescent, bracts ca. 3 mm long, triangular. Flowers white, 5–7 mm long, pubescent outside, pedicel 1–1.5 mm long; receptacle campanulate, interior pubescent to sericeous at base, sericeous at apex; sepals triangular, 2–3 mm long, puberulent inside; petals rounded, 1.5–2.5 mm long, glabrous, puberulent at the margin, caducous; stamens ca. 7, 2–3 mm long, inserted unilaterally or in 3/4 circle, ca. 7 staminodes; ovary ca. 1 mm long, sericeous, style ca. 4 mm long, basal half sericeous. Drupe brown, ellipsoid, 3.5–4 × 2–2.5 cm; epicarp glabrous, sparsely tomentose at base, lenticellate, rugose.

Selected material examined: GuaçuÍ, Floresta do Rosal , 29.IV.2010, R.A. Curto 135 ( VIES) . Linhares , Degredo, 3.VI.2013, fr., D.A. Folli 7070 ( RB, RNV) ; Reserva Natural Vale , Estrada Flamengo, 25.XI.1991, fl., D.A. Folli 1500 ( RB, CVRD) . Santa Teresa , Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, 8.XII.1992, L.D. Thomaz 1643 ( MBML, VIES) . São Mateus , área de Muçununga, 24.V.2018, fr., L.F.T. Menezes 2552b ( SAMES) . Sooretama , Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, porção oeste, trilha do rio sul, 19.I.2010, fl., A. Giaretta 716 ( RB, SAMES, VIES) .

Parinari brasiliensis can be recognized by elliptic leaves with stomatal crypts and discoid glands on the abaxial surface, high number of primary veins, petiole with two glands in the middle portion, paniculate inflorescence and fewer stamens (ca. 7) unilaterally inserted. Collected with flowers from November to March and fruits from March to July and October.

This species is endemic to the Atlantic Forest, in the states of Alagoas, Bahia, EspÍrito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and São Paulo ( Barbosa-Silva 2024). In EspÍrito Santo it is recorded in Restinga, Mussununga, Ombrophilous and Tabuleiro forests, in GuaçuÍ, Linhares, Santa Teresa, São Mateus and Sooretama. Parinari brasilienisis is classified as “Near Threatened” ( NT) for Brazil ( Barbosa-Silva 2024). In EspÍrito Santo there are old and recent collections and it is recorded in three protected areas (Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, Reserva Natural Vale) and is therefore not considered threatened.

The common name for this species is bafode-boi-mirim (D.A. Folli 1500, 2077, 3944, 5107, 5614, 7070).