Angara caayari Fianco, 2025

Fianco, Marcos & Melo, Gabriel A. R., 2025, Molecular systematics and species revision of a Neotropical genus of flightless phaneropterine katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 204 (2) : -

Angara caayari Fianco sp. nov.

( Figs 3, 10A, 13B, C)

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Diagnosis: Angara caayari can be distinguished readily from species of Angara from Clade B by the aforementioned characters. The new species can be distinguished easily from its congeners by the following combination of characters: body long; lateral lobes reddish; tegmina entirely black, only R, CuP, and A1 of different colour; stridulatory vein thinner; apex of femur III blackish; subgenital plate longer than wide; cerci longer, not so curved.

Description: Holotype male ( Fig. 3): Overall aspect: medium- to large-sized katydids, general colour greenish, a laterally threecoloured band from head to abdominal tip. Head ( Fig. 3C–E): frons smooth, plain colour, fastigium of frons triangular, higher than wide, ocelli present, white. Gena smooth, light brown; clypeus and labrum entirely yellowish. Maxillary and mandibular palps greenish, apex of all articles darker. Pedicel as long as 0.5× scape; inner and anterior margin of scape brownish yellow, lateral and posterior margin black; anterior and lateral margin of pedicel black, inner and posterior reddish; flagellum ≥ 3× longer than body, entirely black. Fastigium of vertex elevated, a lateral ocellus near half of fastigium of vertex; a lateral tricolour band from eye towards pronotum, red–white–red from top to bottom. Thorax ( Fig. 3D–F): pronotal disc ( Fig. 3C) glabrous, green, with small reddish punctuations; anterior margin slightly concave; posterior margin black in an hourglass pattern and slightly elevated. Lateral carinae ( Fig. 3C, D) bearing a sulcus near half region which extends diagonally to anterior region of lateral lobes, a tricolour band throughout its extent, with a red– white–red pattern. Lateral lobes ( Fig. 3D) long, 1.2× longer than high; anterior margin straight; inferior margin sinuous; posterior margin slightly curved; reddish–greenish with dark red punctuations. Tegmina ( Fig. 3E) rounded; stridulatory vein dark brown; stridulatory areas black, but all veins dark brown. Epimeron II as wide as episternum II; episternum III 1.2× wider than epimeron III; all epimera and episterna brownish with blackish stains and lighter near coxa. Legs ( Fig. 3A): all coxae yellowish–brownish; all trochanters brownish; fore- and hindlegs brown with black punctuations; inferior margin of femur I and II blackish; lateral margin of femur III with black stains; femur II brown reddish with black stains; all tarsomeres blackish brown; femur III ~6× longer than pronotum, apex blackish. Abdomen ( Fig. 3A, F, G): tergites green with several reddish granulations; traversed by a tricolour band (seen only laterally), red–white–red from top to bottom. Tergite X ( Fig.3F) concave on medial region. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 3G) trapezoidal, wider than long; styliform processes wider than long; posterior margin V-shaped; median keel present; slightly longer than cerci. Cerci ( Fig. 3F, G) slightly curved, short and thick, thickness decreasing gradually towards the apical curvature to the medial region, where it decreases abruptly, with a black apical tooth at apex.

Female ( Figs 10A, 13C): Larger than males. Fastigium of frons globose; one light yellow strip from eye towards the pronotum, other morphological details of head as in males. Tegmina trapezoidal; black on medial region, green on posterior and lateral regions; veins well evident; M branching immediately after leaving CuA; other structures of thorax as in males. Ovipositor 2.8× longer than the pronotal disc; slightly curved up and acuminate; serrulations beginning on the distal seventh of dorsal valves and distal fifth of ventral valves.

Measurements (in millimetres): Holotype: BL, 18.2; TegL, 1.7; HW, 2.4; HH, 3.1; PrL, 3.4; PLL, 3; PrH, 1.5; FLiii, 20.7; TLiii, 24.6; SPL, 2.4; CL, 2.1. Male paratypes: BL, 18–18.6; TegL, 1.6–1.8; HW, 2.1–2.5; HH, 2.9–3.2; PrL, 3.4–3.6; PLL, 2.8–3.1; PrH, 1.4–1.7; FLiii, 20–21.3; TLiii, 24–25.2; SPL, 2.3–.5; CL, 2–2.3. Female paratypes: BL, 18.9–19.2; TegL, 1.1–1.3; HW, 2.7–2.9; HH, 2.9–3.3; PrL, 3.6–3.9; PLL, 2.9–3.1; PrH, 1.7–1.9; FLiii, 22.5–23; TLiii, 25.9–26.3; OL, 10.8–11.2.

Etymology: In the legend of how the ‘Erva Mate’ ( Ilex paraguariensis ), a plant from which a traditional ‘tea’ (chimarrão) from the southern region of Brazil is produced, was created (e.g. Haase Filho 2007), Yari, the chief’s daughter from the village, refused to migrate and stayed with her father during a period of water and food scarcity. One day, an unknown chief arrived in the tribe. Upon seeing the sadness and suffering of both, he handed them a leaf, from which a tea was made that restored strength for the migration. In gratitude for his help to her father, Yari was transformed into Caá-Yari, the protective goddess of ‘Erva Mate’. The specific epithet honours Caá-Yari, and this curious legend is from the native people of the region. Noun in apposition.

Type material: Holotype male ‘ Brasil, RS, Derrubadas , \ Pq. Est. do Turvo \ 27.1391°S, 53.8807°W \ 190m, 12-16.XII.2022, \ M. Fianco & G. Melo’ and ‘MFM145’.

Paratypes: one male, same data as holotype ; one male ‘ Brasil, RS, Derrubadas , \ Pq. Est. do Turvo \ 27.2287°S, 53.8509°W \ 420m, 12-16.XII.2022, \ M. Fianco & G. Melo’ and ‘MFM 143 ’, two males and five females, with same collecting data; one male and one female ‘ Brasil, RS, Derrubadas , \ Pq. Est. do Turvo \ 27.2461°S, 53.9637°W \ 410m, 12-16.XII.2022, M. Fianco & G. Melo’ ; two females ‘ Brasil, RS, Derrubadas , \ Pq. Est. do Turvo \ 27.1675°S, 53.8542°W \ 300m, 12-16.XII.2022, \ M. Fianco & G. Melo’; and one male ‘ Brasil, SC, Itapiranga , \ 27.1614°S, 53.7533°W, \ 220m, 16.XII.2022, \ G. Melo & M. Fianco’ and ‘MFM141 ’, one female, with same data except ‘MFM150’.