Mendoncia affinis Vitta & Buzato, 2025
publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.260.153687 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15865497 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A3D2ADA0-428A-5638-B32E-03424E51EB90 |
treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Mendoncia affinis Vitta & Buzato |
status |
sp. nov. |
Mendoncia affinis Vitta & Buzato sp. nov.
Figs 1 View Figure 1 , 2 A – E View Figure 2 , 3 A – C View Figure 3
Type.
Brazil • São Paulo: Mun. São Paulo , Av. Paulista; 12 Nov. 1906, fl. and fr.; A. Usteri 252 (holotype SP 14786 !) .
Diagnosis.
Mendoncia affinis differs from M. velloziana by the combination of subquadrangular to quadrangular, hollow, sulcate, tomentose-velutinous branches (vs. subcylindrical to subquadrangular, solid, sulcate, densely pubescent branches); petioles and pedicels with tomentose to densely pubescent indumentum, with adpressed to semi-erect eglandular hairs (vs. tomentose with adpressed eglandular hairs); bracteoles ovate to deltoid, golden-greenish (in vivo), 2–2.7 × 1–1.5 cm, glabrous internally (vs. ovate-lanceolate, red (in vivo), 2.4–3.3 × 1–1.6 cm, sparsely lepidote internally); leaf venation brochidodromous with 3–4 pairs of secondary veins (vs. eucamptodromous with 3–5 pairs); ovary densely pubescent to tomentose (vs. lepidote with glandular-peltate trichomes); style basally pilose and glabrous distally (vs. entirely glabrous); and oblongoid, pubescent drupes (vs. ellipsoid, glabrous drupes).
Description.
Herbaceous climbers, stems subquadrangular to quadrangular, fistulose, longitudinally sulcate when young, tomentose-velutinous to glabrescent, eglandular trichomes adpressed, golden, internodes 4.5–11.5 cm long. Leaves membranaceous; petiole 5–12 mm long, slightly canaliculated, tomentose to densely pubescent, eglandular trichomes adpressed to semi-erect; leaf-blade 5–10.5 × 2.5–5.3 cm, ovate-lanceolate to elliptic, base obtuse to cuneate, margin entire, apex acuminate to cuspidate, with mucro 0.9–1 mm long; venation brochidodromous, 3–4 pairs of secondary veins, midrib and secondary veins prominent, densely covered in eglandular trichomes; adaxial face smooth, glabrescent to sparsely strigose, eglandular trichomes semi-erect, abaxial side tomentose-velutinous, eglandular trichomes semi-erect to erect. Flowers 1–3 (– 4) per axil; pedicels 19–50 mm long, densely tomentose-velutinous, trichomes eglandular, adpressed to semi-erect; bracteoles 2–2.7 × 1–1.5 cm, golden-greenish (in vivo), ovate to deltoid, fused up to the apical third, subcoriaceous, midvein slightly prominent, base cuneate to truncate, apex mucronate, with mucro 1.2–1.8 mm long, externally densely pubescent to velutinous, eglandular trichomes semi-erect, brown (ex vivo), 0.8–1.2 mm long, internally glabrous; calyx 1.2–1.5 × 3–3.2 mm, entire, slightly dentate at margin, glabrous; corolla red, 2.5–2.7 cm long, tubular, tube slightly curved, externally glabrous, sparsely glandular-papillose within, base of tube 0.7–0.9 cm wide, middle of tube 0.6–0.7 cm wide, apex of tube 0.9–1 cm wide, 5 lobes 0.29–0.3 × 0.18–0.2 cm, oblong, emarginate, all lobes reflexed; free part of filaments 2–2.5 mm long, dorsal anthers with thecae 0.85–0.9 cm long, ventral anthers with thecae 1–1.2 cm long; ovary 2.4–3 × 2–2.2 mm, densely pubescent to tomentose, eglandular trichomes erect; style 2–2.2 cm long, proximally pilose, distally glabrous, eglandular trichomes erect, stigma bilobed, lobes subequal, 0.5–0.6 mm long. Drupe (immature) 1.1–1.2 × 0.9–1 cm, oblongoid, pubescent, with erect to semi-erect eglandular trichomes.
Etymology.
The specific epithet affinis refers to the morphological similarity between the new species and Mendoncia velloziana . This similarity led to a taxonomic confusion, where specimens of M. affinis were often mistakenly identified as M. velloziana , causing M. affinis to remain hidden under that name for a long time.
Phenology.
Flowering and fruiting specimens were collected throughout the year, more often during November and December (corresponding to spring in Southeastern and Southern Brazil).
Distribution and habitat.
Mendoncia affinis occurs in Brazil and Paraguay, with a broad distribution across the semideciduous seasonal forests (mata de planalto) ( Capobianco 2001) that extend from Southeastern and Southern Brazil into the bordering region of Paraguay. The species has been recorded in the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Mato Grosso do Sul, and in the Department of Amambay in Paraguay (Fig. 4 View Figure 4 ).
Conservation status.
The original distribution of Mendoncia affinis comprised a wide area of semideciduous seasonal forest ( Capobianco 2001) spanning from Minas Gerais and São Paulo to Amambay in Paraguay, reflecting an Extent of Occurrence of 443,000 km 2. There are more than 50 collection localities for this species; however, the vast majority of the collections were made during the last century, and many of these localities are no longer extant due to urbanization (surroundings of São Paulo and Campinas) and landscape transformation (inner states of São Paulo, Paraná and Minas Gerais) ( Ribeiro et al. 2009; Lima et al. 2020). In fact, considering the protection situation of the Atlantic Rainforest, the semideciduous seasonal forest has fewer protected sites than the perhumid ombrophilous forest, and is so severely fragmented that we considered the Area of Occupancy (AOO) of 116 km 2 as an adequate measure of the distribution of the species, even though the original state of the forest was more or less continuous. This situation justifies the assessment of Endangered (EN) B 2 a, b (ii, iii, iv) attributed here to the species.
Additional specimens examined (paratypes).
Brazil • Mato Grosso do Sul: Amambaí , 1979, W. G. Garcia 13691 ( UEC) ; • Minas Gerais: [Além Paraíba] Teixeira Soares , 01 fevereiro 1907, fl., A. Sampaio 673 ( R) ; • [Além Paraíba] Teixeira Soares , Aug. 1907, fl., A. Sampaio s. n. ( R 45342 ) ; • [Itabirito] Itabira do Campo , 21 Nov. 1941, fr., M. G. Magalhães 753 ( IAN) ; • Lavras, Reserva Biológica do Poço Bonito , 05 Dec. 1989, fr., R. J. Almeida & F. F. Avezum 187 ( SPF) ; • Marliéria, Parque Florestal Estadual do Rio Doce , 19 ° 47 ' 0 " S, 42 ° 37 ' 0 " W, 18 May 1982, fl., H. P. Bautista 556 ( MBM, MG, RB) GoogleMaps ; • Marliéria, Reserva Florestal do Rio Doce, Matas da Lagoa Central , 30 Aug. 1973, fl., G. Martinelli & D. Sucre 26 ( RB) ; • Muriaé, mata perto do córrego Barro Alegre, beira da BR 116 , 23 outubro 1989, fr., J. R. Pirani et al. 2528 ( SPF) ; • Ponte Nova, fazenda Varginha , 12 km, 07 Dec. 1958, fl. e fr., H. S. Irwin 2248 ( R) ; Prox. de Conceição do Mato Dentro , 17 Feb. 1965, fl., A. P. Duarte 9100 ( RB) ; • Diamantina, fazenda do Gavião , 21 Nov. 1937, fl., M. Barreto 9930 ( R) ; • Viçosa, mata da Prefeitura, à 14 km do Inst. de Ciências Biol. da Universidade de Viçosa , 23 May 1978, fl., F. V. Vidal et al. 1050 ( RB) ; • Paraná: Londrina, floresta dos Godoy , 10 Aug. 1985, fl., C. Chagas & F. Silva 853 ( MBM) ; • Rio de Janeiro: Petrópolis , 1913, fr., A. Lutz 479 ( R) ; • São Paulo: Mogi Guaçu, fazenda Campininha, mata da Mariana, córrego da Divisa , 04 Jun. 1991, fr., R. Neto & L. Rossi 1183 ( SP) ; • Idem, 25 Sept. 1991, fl., S. R. Neto & R. Zifirino 1253 ( SP) ; • São José do Barreiro , 25 Apr. 1894, fl., A. Loefgren 2466 ( SP) ; • São Paulo, Jaraguá , 06 Jan. 1926, fr., F. C. Hoehne s. n. ( SP) ; • Pindorama, propriedade Elidio Ribeiro , 07 Feb. 1939, fr., O. T. Mendes s. n. ( IAN, SP 44153 ) ; • Lins, Colonia Paraizo , 28 Jan. 1941, fl., G. Hashimoto 464 ( SP) ; • Monte Alegre do Sul, Amparo , 26 Mar. 1943, fl., M. Kuhlmann 367 ( SP) ; • São Paulo, Parque do Estado do São Paulo , 04 Apr. 1944, fl., W. Hoehne s. n. ( SPF) ; Idem, 23 Nov. 1966, fl. e fr., R. Faria & O. G. Fonseca s. n. ( SP) ; • Rio Claro, mata da Faz. São José , 25 Aug. 1984, fl., J. Brunini 162 ( MBM, SPF) ; Itapetininga , 10 Dec. 1987, fr., A. Loefgren 443 ( SP) ; • Gália, Reserva Ecológica de Caetetus , 12 Mar. 1989, fl., F. C. Passos 21040 ( RB) ; São Paulo, Parque Santo Dias, trilha principal , 08 Dec. 1992, fr., R. J. F. Garcia 296 ( SPF) ; • Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo , 04 Jun. 1994, fl., V. S. Rodrigues 41 ( SPF) ; • Campinas, Reserva Municipal da Fazenda de Santa Genebra , 20 Dec. 1988, fl., S. Buzato s. n. ( UEC 20978 About UEC ) . Paraguay • Amambay: Sierra de Amambay , E. Hassler s. n. ( MO, RB) .
UEC |
Universidade Estadual de Campinas |
IAN |
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental |
SPF |
Universidade de São Paulo |
MBM |
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals |
SP |
Instituto de Botânica |
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