Lophomastix japonica ( Duruflé, 1889 )

Marin, I. N. & Kolevatov, V. A., 2022, A living fossil: modern and paleontological records of spiny sand crab Lophomastix japonica (Duruflé, 1889) (Anomura: Blepharipodidae) from the Russian coasts of the Sea of Japan and fossil Lophomastix sp. from the western coast of Kamchatka (Sea of Okhotsk), Arthropoda Selecta 31 (1), pp. 34-40 : 36

Lophomastix japonica ( Duruflé, 1889)

Figs 2 , 3 a .

Blepharopoda japonica Duruflé, 1889: 93–95 [type locality — Hakodate , Japan].

Blepharopoda fauriana Bouvier, 1898a: 566–567 [type locality — Hakodate , Japan].

Lophomastrix brevirostris Urita, 1934: 149–154 , figs. 1, 2 [type locality — West Sakhalin, Russia].

Lophomastix tchangsii Yü, 1935: 51 [type locality — Chefoo , China].

Lophomastix japonica : Shen, 1949: 162–165, pls. 16, 17.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. Northern Pacific , Russia, Sea of Japan, Peter the Great Bay : 1 male (CL 27 mm), ZMMU Ma-3574, Vladivostok , Ussuri Bay, Gornostay (Shitovaya) Bay, 43°06′45.1″N 132°00′53.7″E, burrowing in fine sand bottom, depth 7 m, coll. K. Dudka, Sept. 2021 ; 1 exuvium ( LEMMI), Srednaya Bay , 42°38′ 56.1″N 131°12′41.6″E, on fine sand bottom, depth 5–7 m, coll. I. Marin, June 2016 ; 1 exuvium (CL 24 mm) ( LEMMI), Gorshkova Bay , 42°40′24.5″N 131°13′30.8″E, on fine sand bottom, depth 8 m, coll. I. Marin, June 2016 ; 2 exuvia (CL 22, 24 mm) ( LEMMI), Bojsman Bay , 42°47′03.1″N 131°18′18.6″E, on littoral, coll. E.A. Dunaev, July 2015 ; 1 dead damaged specimen (CL 21 mm) ( LEMMI) – Bojsman Bay , 42°47′03.1″N 131°18′18.6″E, on littoral, coll. E.A. Dunaev, September 2018 .

DIAGNOSIS (after Boyko, 2002): Outer-ocular spines triangular; rostrum not produced anteriorly as far as anterolateral spines; branchiostegite weakly spinose. Dorsal flagellum of antennule with 39–54 articles, ventral flagellum with 10–13 articles. Antennal flagellum with 8–12 articles. Pereopod II dactylus with tapered rounded heel. Pereopod III dactylus with bifurcated heel. Pereopod IV dactylus with produced acute heel.

The collected specimens completely correspond to the re-description of the species presented by Boyko [2002]. To compare individual populations and perform phylogeographic analyses, it is important to use barcoding (analysis of COI mtDNA gene marker variability).

COLORATION. From uniformly creamy to brown with light brown highlights along the edges and grooves of the carapace and appendages. The setae and bristles are dark ( Fig. 2 ; [ Marin, 2013a]).

BODY SIZE. The largest studied specimen is CL. 27 mm.

GENBANK ACCESSION NUMBERS. OM305089, OM305090 .

DISTRIBUTION. The species is known from the Russia of the Sea of Japan (Posyeta Bay; Patrocl Bay; Peter the Great Bay; Sakhalin: Aniva Bay (Korsakov)) [ Makarov, 1938; Marin, 2013a; Petryashev, 2005; Urita, 1934], Japan (Hokkaido: off Oshoro; Hokadate; Honsu: Aomori) [ Duruflé, 1889; Bouvier, 1898a, b; Miyake, 1957; Konishi, 1987], Korea (Hamgyong-bukto: Kankyo-hokudo; Hamgyong-namdo: Kankyô-nandô; Kangwon-do: Kôgen-dô; Jeju island) [ Kamita 1957; Oh, 1996, 1999] and China (Yellow Sea; Chefoo; Rìzhào) [ Yü, 1935; Qiang et al., 2016; Ding et al., 2016].

Figures

Fig. 2. Morphology of Lophomastix japonica (Duruflé, 1889), # (CL 27 mm), ZMMU Ma-3574: a — carapace; b — maxilliped III; c — pereiopod I (gnathopod); d — pereiopod II; e — pereiopod III; f — pereiopod IV; g — pereiopod V; h — abdominal somites, uropods and telson. Рис. 2. МорфологиЯ Lophomastix japonica (Duruflé, 1889), # (CL 27 мм), ZMMU Ma-3574: a — карапакс; b — максиллипеда III; c — переопода I (гнатопода); d — переопода II; e — переопода III; f — переопода IV; g — переопода V; h — брюШные сомиты, уроподы и тельсон.

Fig. 3. The comparison of carapaces: a — modern Lophomastix japonica (Duruflé, 1889), # (CL 27 mm), ZMMU Ma-3574; b — fossil carapace of Lophomastix sp., sex unknown (CL 35 mm), PIN 5856, from the western coast of Kamchatka. Рис. 3. Сравнение панцирей: a — современный Lophomastix japonica (Duruflé, 1889), # (CL 27 мм), ZMMU Ma-3574; b — ископаемый карапакс Lophomastix sp., пол неиЗвестен (CL 35 mm), PIN 5856, с Западного побережьЯ Камчатки.