Schisandra cauliflora N.T.Cuong, D.V.Hai, N.Q.Hung & M.H.Dat, 2019

Cuong, N. T., Hai, D. V., Hung, N. Q. & Dat, M. H., 2019, Schisandra cauliflora (Schisandraceae), a new species from Vietnam, Blumea 64 (2), pp. 183-185 : 183-185

Schisandra cauliflora N.T.Cuong, D.V.Hai, N.Q.Hung & M.H.Dat , sp. nov. — Fig. 1 ; Map 1

Type. Daniel E.Atha, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The & N.V. Sang 4737 (holo HN;iso HN, NY), Vietnam, Bac Kan province, Ba Be district, Nam Mau municipality, Ba Be national park (N22°26.453' E105°36.627'), 12 July 2004. – Paratype : A. Gramain 547 (HN), Vietnam, Tuyen Quang province, Na Hang district , 5 Aug. 1999 ; sine. coll. sine num. (HN, IBSC), Vietnam, Vinh Phuc province, Tam Dao national park , Oct. 1996 ; T.T. Bach et al. HNCNU 542 (HN, IBSC), Vietnam, Cao Bang province, Nguyen Binh district , 30 June 2017 .

Dioecious or monoecious, evergreen, glabrous liana to 15 m long; stem to 5 cm thick at base. Youngest branche s 4–5 mm thick; older ones lenticellate. Leaves simple, in spirals; petioles 6–8 cm, glabrous; leaf blades 16–22 by 8–12 cm, ovate or elliptic, subcoriaceous, glabrous, base rounded or cuneate, margin entire, apex acute or acuminate; midvein impressed on adaxial surface, conspicuously prominent on abaxial surface with lateral veins 8–10 on each side, nearly arcuate and raised on both sur- faces when dry. Flowers ramiflorous or cauliflorous, glabrous, with 9–17 flowers in clusters or short racemes, rarely solitary; peduncles 3–6 cm long; tepals 11–13, greenish, yellowish or yellow; outer tepals 3–4, tepals 1.2–1.8 by 0.9–1.5 mm, ovate; inner tepals 7–10, tepals 6.5–10 by 4–6 mm, ovate, elliptic to obovate. Staminate flowers with 14–17 stamens, united as an androecial mass, 4–5 mm long, 3–4 mm wide, with anthers on free connectives arising from cavities on androecial surface. Pistillate flowers with gynoecium 4–4.5 mm long, 3–3.5 mm wide, ovoid, with 22–30 free carpels; carpels 1.3–2 mm long, 1.2–1.8 mm wide, obovoid; pseudostyle subulate. Fruiting peduncles 4–8 cm long; torus 4–9 cm long; apocarps 1.5–2 cm wide, globose, greenish to white. Seeds usually 2 per apocarp, 8–12 by 10–15 mm, 3–4 mm thick, yellow, flattened-ellipsoidal; testa smooth, hilum large, U-shaped.

Distribution & Habitat — Vietnam: Cao Bang province (Nguyen Binh district), Tuyen Quang province (Na Hang district), Bac Kan (Ba Be national park), Vinh Phuc (Tam Dao national park). In evergreen forests on soil or limestone mountains at altitudes of 180– 800 m.

Phenology — Flowering: June to July; fruiting: August to October.

Conservation status — Schisandra cauliflora is known only from the area which includes Cao Bang province (Nguyen Binh district), Tuyen Quang (Na Hang district), Bac Kan ( Ba Be national park ), Vinh Phuc ( Tam Dao national park ). Detailed distribution, the size of populations and their phenology have so far not been investigated. More research is needed so that the species has provisionally to be regarded as Not Evaluated (NE) in the threat categories of IUCN (2012) .

Figures

Map 1 Distribution of Schisandra cauliflora N.T.Cuong,D.V.Hai, N.Q.Hung, M.H.Dat.

Fig. 1 Schisandra cauliflora N.T.Cuong, D.V.Hai, N.Q.Hung, M.H.Dat. a. Branch bearing leaves; b. branch bearing flowers; c. staminate bud; d. tepals; e. androecium; f. branch bearing fruits; g. apocarp; h. seed (a, f–h: A. Gramain 547; b–e: Daniel A. Atha, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The DA 4737; all HN). — Scale bars: a–b = 6 cm;; c–d, h = 1 cm; e = 5 mm; f = 4 cm; g = 2 cm. — Drawing by: a, f–h: L.K. Chi; b–e: N.Q. Hung.