Grindelia Willd.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 109

2. Grindelia Willd. 3

Biennial or perennial. Leaves simple, alternate. Capitula medium to large. Involucral bracts in several rows. Receptacle flat or convex, without scales. Outer florets ligulate, female; inner florets tubular, hermaphrodite or sterile. Achenes com- pressed-subquadrangular, glabrous. Pappus of 2-10 more or less serrulate, deciduous awns.

Literature: J. A. Steyermark, Ann. Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 433-608 (1934).