Rudbeckia hirta, L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 141

1. R. hirta L. , Sp. Pl. 907 (1753).

Erect, hispid or hirsute, branched biennial or short-lived perennial 30-100 cm. Lower leaves elliptic-oblanceolate, long-petiolate, the others linearlanceolate to ovate, subsessile, entire or remotely toothed. Capitula long-pedunculate. Involucral bracts 10-15 x 2-3 mm, linearlanceolate, subequal, hispid. Ligules 2-4 cm, pale yellow, darker at base. Inner florets purplish-brownish-black. Pappus absent. Cultivated for ornament and naturalized in waste places, in woods and on river-banks, mainly in C. Europe. [Au Be Cz Ga Ge He Hu Ju Po Rs (C, W, E).] (North America.)