Galium boreale, L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 19

6. G. boreale L. , Sp. Pl. 108 (1753) .

Stolons rooting. Stems 30-65 cm, erect, stout, 4-angled, usually glabrous, rarely shortly hairy. Leaves 1540 x (2-)3-5(-8) mm, elongate-lanceolate, widest at or below the middle, obtuse, somewhat coriaceous, usually glabrous (or somewhat rough or shortly hairy), with indistinct veins. Inflorescence oblong-pyramidal, dense-flowered; pedicels (1-)2-3 mm. Corolla 3 4 mm in diameter, rotate. Fruit 1 -5-2 mm, with short, appressed (rarely patent) hooked hairs, or glabrous; pericarp more or less appressed. 2zz = 44, (55), 66. Grassy places. Most of Europe, but rare in the Mediterranean region. Al Au Be Br Bu Cz Da Fe Ga Ge Hb He Ho Hs Hu Is It Ju Lu No Po Rm Rs (N, B, C, W, E) Su.

The tetraploids and hexaploids have widely overlapping distributions, and are morphologically indistinguishable.