Hieracium

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 376

Subgen. Hieracium . Stock erect or oblique, never stoloniferous. Stems usually solitary, sometimes few. Leaves entire to incisedentate, at least the basal usually petiolate; cauline solitary to numerous, usually large, rarely absent. Ligules usually yellow, rarely green or white; glabrous or hairy. Pollen rarely copious, sometimes absent. Achenes 2-5-5 mm; ribs apically confluent into an obscure ring; pappus-hairs in 2 rows, both long and short intermixed. Receptacular pits shortly dentate to fimbriatedentate.

(A) Leaves usually without glandular or plumose hairs, the basal usually numerous, the cauline few to numerous, or absent. Capitula few to numerous. Receptacular pits dentate, fimbriatedentate or ciliate-dentate. Mainly early-flowering (March-July), though some plants continue to flower throughout the year.

(i) Leaves green or glaucous; basal numerous; cauline 0-2(-3). Capitula 1-15 (-numerous); inflorescences often corymbose; peduncles often arcuate. Ligules glabrous or with simple eglandular hairs at apex. Stigmas yellow or discoloured. Achenes 3-4 mm, dark. Margins of receptacular pits more or less dentate.