Scolymus maculatus, L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 304

1. S. maculatus L. , Sp. Pl. 813 (1753).

Annual 15-90 cm, nearly glabrous, the continuous, irregularly spinose-dentate wings of the stem and the leaves with strongly thickened white margins. Leaves 40-200x20-80 mm; basal oblanceolate, soft, pinnatifid, with few spines; cauline rigid, oblong-lanceolate to ovate, sinuate-pinnatifid, spiny, the uppermost regularly pectinatespiny. Panicle subcorymbose. Involucre 12-18 x 8—12 mm; bracts ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute. Receptacular scales not narrowed at apex. Achenes 2-5-4 mm, obovate; pappus absent. 2n = 20. S. Europe. BI Bu?Cr Ga Gr Hs It Lu Rs (K) Sa Si Tu [Ju].