Crepis, L.
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.293764 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/90236A28-9C50-F555-F77E-F59510474143 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Crepis |
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178. Crépis L. View in CoL 1
Annual to perennial herbs. Stems 1 to many, usually branched. Leaves subentire to pinnatisect or loped. Capitula 1-numerous. Involucral bracts in 2 rows, the outer up to | (rarely |) as long as the inner. Receptacle flat or convex, usually pitted, the raised margins of the pits often ciliate, rarely also with 1 or 2 rigid hairs or narrow, membranous scales between the florets. Ligules usually yellow (sometimes with a red stripe on the outer face), sometimes orange, pink, white or parti-coloured. Achenes yellowish to black, uniform or of 2 or 3 kinds, with 4-35 ribs or striae, usually narrowed towards apex, sometimes beaked; pappus of 1-many rows of usually white and soft, sometimes greyish or yellow and brittle hairs.
Literature: E. B. Babcock, Univ. Calif. Pubi. Bot. 21: 1-197 (1947); 22: 198-1030 (1947); 23: 383^404 (1951).
C. aspera L. , Sp. Pl. ed. 2,1132 (1763), native of S.W. Asia and Egypt, has been recorded as an occasional casual in Europe.
1 Plant acaulescent; capitula in sessile clusters in the centre of a flat rosette of leaves 57. pusilla 1 Plant with stems each bearing 1 or more capitula
2 Leaves pinnately divided to the midrib into narrowly linear segments 26. chondrilloides
Leavesnotdivided to themidrib,the segments, if present, not narrowlylinear 3 Achenesof2 or3 kinds 4 Ligulespink orwhite 50. rubra 4 Ligulesyellow, oftenwitha redstripeonouterface 5 Receptaclewithscales or rigidhairssubtendingtheflorets 6 Outerinvolucralbracts as long as inner; receptacle withlinearscalessubtending the florets 51. foetida 6 Outerinvolucralbracts as long as inner; receptacle withrigid hairssubtending the florets 53. sancta 5 Receptacleglabrousorwithciliatepits,butneverwith scalesorrigid hairssubtending the florets 7 Receptacleglabrous 8 Involucre5-7mm; achenes 2-2-5 mm 56. zacintha 8 Involucre8 -13 mm; achenes 3-6-5 mm 9 Leaveswith glandularhairs; involucre glabrous 47. pulchra 9 Leaveswithoutglandular hairs; involucre hairy 10 Achenes5-5-6-5 mm, c. 30-striate 2. geracioides 10 Achenes3-5mm,4-to 10-ribbed 11 Involucre8-12 x 5-10 mm; florets 11-18 mm 54. dioscoridis 11 Involucre8-9 x 4-6 mm; florets 7-8 mm 55. multiflora 7 Receptaclewith ciliate pits 12 Acheneswithoutorwith short thick beak, the marginal mostlybroadly winged 54. dioscoridis 12 Achenesnotbroadly winged, at least the inner with an obviousbeak 13 Innerachenes10-20 mm 14 Involucre15-22 mm; outer bracts ovate 49. alpina 14 Involucre 7-16 mm; outer bracts lanceolate to linear-lanceolate 15 Stem usually with several capitula; at least the innerachenesmore than 12 mm 51. foetida 15 Stems numerous, each with a single capitulum; acheneslessthan 12 mm 67. tybakiensis 13 Innerachenes2-7-5(-9)mm 16 Caulineleavesfiliform, bract-like 67. tybakiensis 16 Caulineleaveslargerand amplexicaul 17 Involucre8-14 mm; achenes 4-9 mm 66. vesicaria 17 Involucrec.7 mm; achenes 3-3-75 mm 68. setosa 3 Achenesmoreor lessuniform 18 Atleastsomeachenescontracted into a distinct beak 19 Caulineleavesmoreorless amplexicaul 20 Involucre3-10 mm 21 Involucrewith pale,rigid eglandular hairs thickened at their base 68. setosa 21 Involucrewithoutpale,rigideglandularhairs thickened attheirbase,sometimeswith soft, slender eglandular hairs 22 Involucre3-8mm; achenes 1- 75-4 mm 23 Outer involucral bracts 4-6, very small; achenes 1 -75-3-25mm 62. neglecta 23 Outerinvolucralbracts 10-12, as long as inner; achenes3-4 mm 63. suffreniana 22 Involucre7-10 mm; achenes 3-5-9 mm 24 Outerinvolucralbractslinear-lanceolate to ovate 66. vesicaria 24 Outerinvolucralbracts very narrowly linear 69. bellidifolia 20 Involucre10-20 mm 25 Achenes(13—)15-to 20-ribbed 26 Achenes10-12 mm 15. bocconi 26 Achenes5-9mm 27 Leaves hairy; involucre 10-20 x 8-20 mm, tomentoseand with longerhairs 16. conyzifolia 27 Leavesglabrous; involucre 10-12x 7-9 mm, tomentosebutwithoutlonger hairs 25. bertiscea 25 Achenes10-to 12-ribbed 28 Outerinvolucralbractsmore or less ovate, imbricate, becomingscarious 65. bourgeaui 28 Outerinvolucral bracts linear to lanceolate, neither imbricatenorscarious
29 Leaves conspicuously retrorsely dentate 20. tingitana
29 Leaves variously divided but not conspicuously retrorsely dentate
30 Beak of achene stout 18. alpestris
30 Beak of achene slender 66. vesicaria
19 Cauline leaves, if present, not amplexicaul 31 Achenes 9-18 mm 19. albida 31 Achenes5 -5-8-5 mm 32 Receptacular pits glabrous
33 Achenes c. 10-ribbed 21. leontodontoides
33 Achenes 15- to 20-ribbed
34 Leaves lyrate-pinnatifid with broad, obtuse lateral segments and a broadly obovate terminal segment; involucre with dense, short, glandular and sometimes eglandular hairs 14. fraasii
34 Leaves deeply runcinate-pinnatifid or pinnately divided with narrow, acute lateral and terminal segments; involucre canescent-tomentulose (sometimes also with eglandular hairs) 24. lacera
32 Receptacular pits ciliate
35 Achenes c. 10-ribbed
36 Involucre 8-11 x 3-5 mm; leaves lyrate-pinnatifid
70. bursifolia
36 Involucre 10-13x 5-9 mm; leaves denticulate to dentate, rarely shallowly lobed
37 Involucral bracts glabrous on inner face 31. triasii
37 Involucral bracts pubescent on inner face
38 At least some cauline leaves like basal; capitula few to numerous; achenes (2-5-)3-4(-4-5) mm
44. tectonun
38 Cauline leaves small or bract-like; capitula 1-4;
achenes c. 5-5 mm 64. spathulata
35 Achenes 16- to 20-ribbed
39 Involucre without glandular hairs
40 Leaves glabrous or with eglandular hairs, all basal or the cauline bract-like 9. aurea
40 Leaves sparsely canescent-tomentose and with minute glandular hairs, the cauline welldeveloped 38. guioliana
39 Involucre with glandular hairs
41 Leaves with glandular hairs 41. schachtii
41 Leaves without glandular hairs
42 Branches of inflorescence more or less erect
30. pantocsekii
42 Branches of inflorescence divaricate 32. albanica
18 Achenes not distinctly beaked, although often attenuate at apex
43 Involucrewithglandularhairs 44 Involucral bracts hairy on inner face 45 Achenes 10- to 12-ribbed
46 Involucre tomentose and with longer eglandular and glandular hairs 44. tectonun
46 Involucre tomentose and with longer glandular hairs only
47 Involucre 9-16 mm 18. alpestris
47 Involucre 7-8 mm 59. foliosa
45 Achenes 13- to 20-ribbed
48 Achenes 9-18 mm 19. albida
48 Achenes 5-9 mm
49 Branches divaricate
50 Basal leaves 3-8 cm, denticulate to coarsely runcinate-dentate; achenes unequally ribbed
27. auriculifolia
50 Basal leaves 10-15 cm, deeply and irregularly runcinate-pinnatifid or lyrate; achenes nearly equally ribbed 32. albanica
49 Branches erect or arcuate-ascending
51 Involucre sometimes tomentose, sometimes with longer eglandular and glandular hairs, but never with dense glandular hairs and no eglandular hairs
52 Involucre 10-20 x 8-20 mm; florets 18-21 mm
16. conyzifolia
52 Involucre 8-13 x 5-12 mm; florets 12-18 mm
22. biennis
51 Involucre canescent-tomentose and with dense,
longer glandular hairs, without long eglandular hairs
53 Leaves coarsely dentate or shallowly pinnatifid;
achenes with every fourth or fifth rib stronger
28. baldaccii
53 Leaves deeply pinnatifid, with narrow, dentate segments; achenes with ribs nearly equal
30. pantocsekii
44 Involucral bracts glabrous on inner face 54 Achenes 4- to 12-ribbed 55 Cauline leaves mostly bract-like, not amplexicaul
56 Ligules bluish-purple; receptacle with rigid hairs
45. purpurea
56 Ligules yellow; receptacle glabrous 52. multicaulis
55 At least some cauline leaves amplexicaul
57 Achenes 1 -4-3- 8 mm
58 Involucre 8-10 mm; achenes 2-5-3 - 8 mm
58. nicaeensis
58 Involucre 3-9 mm; achenes 1 -4-2-5 mm
59 Capitula erect before anthesis; outer involucral bracts 7-9, as long as inner 60. capillaris
59 Capitula nodding before anthesis; outer involucral bracts 4-6, smaller 62. neglecta
57 Achenes (3-5-)4-5-5 mm
60 Some achenes more than 0-75 mm wide, 4- to 10-
ribbed 54. dioscoridis
60 Achenes 0- 5-0-75 mm wide, 10- to 15-ribbed
61 Leaves glabrous; achenes 4-5-5- 5 mm, 10-ribbed
4. paludosa
61 Leaves very hairy; achenes 3 -5-5- 5 mm, 10- to 15-
ribbed 12. smyrnaea
54 Achenes(13—)15-to35-ribbedor-striate 62 Receptacular pits ciliate
63 Cauline leaves well-developed 11. lampsanoides
63 Cauline leaves absent or bract-like
64 Involucre 12-14 mm; achenes c. 7-5 mm, 18- to
20-ribbed 41. schachtii
64 Involucre 9-12 mm; achenes 5-6 mm, 15-striate
42. bithynica
62 Receptacular pits glabrous
65 Involucre 11-13 mm; achenes 5-5-8-5 mm, 25- to
35-striate! 3. viscidula
65 Involucre 8-11 mm; achenes 3-5 mm, up to 20-ribbed
66 Basal and lowest cauline leaves entire to denticulate 13. mollis
66 Basal and lowest cauline leaves lyrate-pinnatifid
67 Cauline leaves well-developed, amplexicaul
12. smyrnaea
67 Cauline leaves few and, except the lowermost,
bract-like, not amplexicaul 14. fraasii
43 Involucre without glandular hairs 68 Involucral bracts pubescent on inner face 69 Achenes 2-4 mm 44. tectorum 69 Achenes more than 4 mm 70 Receptacular pits glabrous
71 Achenes 4-5-6 mm; ligules entirely yellow 24. lacera
71 Achenes 7-9-5 mm; ligules yellow with red stripe on outer face 34. oporinoides
70 Receptacular pits ciliate
72 Achenes 9—18 mm
73 Cauline leaves wide; all involucral bracts linearlanceolate 15. bocconi
73 Cauline leaves lanceolate or bract-like; outer involucral bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,
wider than inner 19. albida
72 Achenes 4-7-5 mm
74 Involucre 14-16 mm 10. chrysantha
74 Involucre less than 14 mm
75 Outer involucral bracts not more than | as long as inner 76 Involucre 9-10 mm, densely canescent-tomentose
35. sibthorpiana
76 Involucre 10-13 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent 46. reuterana
75 Outer involucral bracts at least | as long as inner
77 Achenes 3- to 5-striate 27. auriculifolia
77 Achenes 10- to 20-ribbed or -striate
78 Plant not more than 10 cm
79 Involucre with long, yellowish eglandular hairs
8. rhaetica
79 Involucre canescent-tomentulose 33. macedonica
78 Plant at least 15 cm
80 Leaves (15-)3O-75 mm wide 22. biennis
80 Leaves not more than 30 mm wide
81 Achenes c. 7 mm 38. guioliana
81 Achenes 4-5- 5 mm
82 Involucre canescent-tomentose to densely white-lanate; outer bracts 6-8 29. turcica
82 Involucre canescent-tomentulose; outer bracts 10-12 40. athoa 68 Involucral bracts glabrous on inner face 83 Receptacle naked; receptacular pits glabrous 84 Cauline leaves ± amplexicaul or auriculate-amplexicaul 85 Involucre 4-9 mm; achenes 1 -4-2-5 mm 86 Involucre sometimes with glandular hairs, but not rigid eglandular hairs; outer bracts 7-9
60. capillaris 86 Involucre usually with rigid eglandular hairs; outer bracts 5 61. micrantha 85 Involucre 8-13 mm; achenes 3 - 5-6-5 mm 87 Involucre glabrous 47. pulchra 87 Involucre hairy
88 Achenes c. 30-striate 2. geracioides
88 Achenes 4- to 10-ribbed 54. dioscoridis 84 Cauline leaves not amplexicaul, often bract-like,
sometimes absent 89 Leaves 2-4 mm wide 39. crocifolia 89 At least some leaves more than 4 mm wide 90 Plant up to 20(-25) cm
91 Plant 2-6 cm; capitulum solitary; achenes 1-1- 25
mm wide 6. terglouensis
91 Plant 5-20(-25) cm; capitula 1-6; achenes 0-75-1
mm wide 7. jacquinii 90 Plant usually more than 25 cm
92 Achenes c. 10-ribbed 48. stojanovii
92 Achenes 16- to 20-ribbed or -striate
93 Leaves runcinate-pinnatifid to 2-pinnatifid; involucral bracts pubescent on inner face 24. lacera
93 Leaves entire to repand-dentate; involucral bracts glabrous on inner face 43. praemorsa 83 Receptaclewithscalesorrigidhairs,orreceptacular pits ciliate 94 Achenes 4- to 10-ribbed 95 Cauline leaves not amplexicaul, often bract-like 96 Receptacle without scales or rigid hairs; ligules yellow with reddish-purple stripe on outer face
37. taygetica 96 Receptacle with rigid hairs; ligules bluish-purple
45. purpurea 95 Cauline leaves amplexicaul 97 Ligules purplish-pink; achenes 5-6 mm 36. incana 97 Ligules yellow, usually with reddish stripe on outer face; achenes 2-5-5 mm
98 Achenes 3-5-5 x 0-5-2 mm, 4- to 10-ribbed
54. dioscoridis
98 Achenes 2-5-3 - 8 x c. 0-6 mm, 10-ribbed
99 Involucre 8-10 mm; outer bracts 7-9 58. nicaeensis
99 Involucre 3-7 mm; outer bracts 4-6 62. neglecta 94 Achenes 14- to 25-ribbed or-striate 100 Not more than 30 cm, with peduncles about as long as stem or stem simple; leaves not amplexicaul
101 Involucre 10-19 mm; achenes 4-9 mm, 20- to 25-ribbed 5. pygmaea
101 Involucre 7-13 mm; achenes 5-6 mm, 15- or 16-ribbed
102 Involucral bracts obtuse 9. aurea
102 Involucral bracts acuminate 33. macedonica
100 Up to 150 cm, with long stems and comparatively short peduncles; leaves amplexicaul
103 Achenes 6-11 mm; plant rhizomatous 1. sibirica
103 Achenes 5-8 mm; plant not rhizomatous
104 Involucral bracts with a median line of long eglandular hairs 17. pyrenaica
104 Involucral bracts ± tomentose, without longer hairs 23. pannonica
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