Cicerbita macrophylla, (Willd.) Wallr.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 331

2. C. macrophylla (Willd.) Wallr. , loc. cit. (1822).

Like 1 but leaves more or less setose, the lower more or less lyrate, with a large cordate terminal lobe and usually only a single pair of small lateral lobes; panicle wider and more or less corymbose; ligules lilac; achenes narrowly elliptical. C. & E. Russia; naturalized elsewhere. Rs (C, E) [Br Cz Da Fe Ga Ge Hb It No Su].

The above description applies to subsp. uralensis (Rouy) P. D. Sell , Bot. Jour. Linn. Soc. 71: 249 (1976) (C. uralensis (Rouy) Beauverd , Mulgedium uralense Rouy ). It is possible that some of the naturalized plants belong to subsp. macrophylla , native of the Caucasus, which has dark violet ligules and the main branches of the panicle 2-5-3-5(-5) mm in diameter (not l-5-2-5(-3) mm in diameter).