Cirsium oleraceum, (L.) Scop.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 239

40. C. oleraceum (L.) Scop. , Annus Hist.-Nat. 2: 61 (1769).

Perennial (20-)50-150(-170) cm. Stem simple or sparingly branched, sparsely greyish-arachnoid-hairy above. Leaves herbaceous, flat, sessile, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-elliptical, pinnatifid to dentate, subglabrous; segments oblong-lanceolate, dentate, weakly spinulose-ciliate. Capitula in apical clusters of 2-6 or solitary, pedunculate, with 2-10 large, ovate, pale, weakly spinulose-ciliate subtending leaves exceeding capitulum. Involucre 18—23(—26) x (13-) 15-24 mm; bracts appressed, with indistinct vittae and weak spinule 1-3 mm. Corolla (14—)18—25 mm, usually pale yellow. Achenes 4-5-5 mm; pappus (12-) 15-21 mm. 2л = 34. Damp meadows and woods. Throughout a large part of Europe, but absent from the islands, most of the Mediterranean region and much of the north. Au Be Bu Cz Da Ga Ge He Ho *Hs Hu It Ju No Po Rm Rs (N, B, C, W, E) Su [Fe Hb].