Parapterogramma asiaticum Papp, 2008

Kuwahara, Gregory K., Marshall, Stephen A. & Luk, Stephen P. L., 2025, A revision of Parapterogramma Papp and Pseudopterogramma Papp, with a review of the Parapterogramma genus group of the Pacific and Indomalayan regions (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae, Limosininae), European Journal of Taxonomy 998, pp. 1-124 : 12-14

Parapterogramma asiaticum Papp, 2008

Figs 2 , 40A , 42

Parapterogramma asiatica Papp, 2008: 99 .

Parapterogramma asiaticum – Marshall et al. 2011: 257.

Type material

Holotype

THAILAND – Trang Province • ♂; Khao Chong Botanic Garden; 18 Nov. 2004; L. Papp and M. Földvári leg.; rainforest; HNHM.

Paratypes

THAILAND – Trang Province • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 22 Nov. 2004; HNHM • 1 ♂; Palian District, Nam Tok Nam Pan Forest Park; 17 Nov. 2004; L. Papp and M. Földvári leg.; over streams and vegetation around waterfalls; HNHM • 1 ♀; Thung Khai Botanic Garden ; 12 Nov. 2004; L. Papp and M. Földvári leg.; primary lowland rainforest; HNHM .

Material examined

Holotype photo provided by Petra Szöllősi-Tóth, HNHM.

INDONESIA – Aceh • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Gunung Leuser National Park, Ketambe Research Station ; 3°41′ N, 97°39′ E; 350 m a.s.l.; 2–6 Sep. 1989; W.K. Gall leg.; primary rainforest, UV/MV light; ROME • 1 ♀; Mount Leuser National Park, Ketambe Research Station ; 350 m a.s.l.; 3–10 Sep. 1989; B. Hubley & D.C. Darling leg.; young forest, closed canopy, Malaise head; DEBU .

SINGAPORE • 1 ♂; National University of Singapore campus; 29 Apr. 2015; NUS Insect Survey Project leg.; LKCNHM • 1 ♂; Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve ; 2 May 2012; Singapore Mangrove Insect Project leg.; LKCNHM .

Redescription

BODY ( Fig. 2 ). Length 1.0– 1.2 mm. Head dark brown except for reddish lower portion of frons, with silvery-yellow microtomentum on lunule, interfrontal plates, ocellar triangle, orbital plates, and occiput; gena brownish-yellow; antenna brown. Frontal width 2.3–2.4 × interfrontal height. Eye height 3.0–3.2 × genal height. Palpus reduced. Thorax brown, anepimeron with a pale ventral spot. Scutum with pale grey and brown microtomentum forming three grey longitudinal stripes, lateral margins broadly dark brown microtomentose, and pale M-shaped microtomentose mark enclosing posterior dorsocentral bristles; scutellum dark brown with median, grey-brown microtomentose triangle. Anterior dorsocentral bristles separated by 6 rows of acrostichal setulae. Legs dark brown with yellow basal and medial rings; fore and hind basitarsi light yellow. Male mid tibia with a stout apicoventral bristle and two rows of stout ventral setae. Wing ( Fig. 40A ) pattern strong. CS2 0.5× CS3. R 2+3 broadly curved in apical half, angled at ~60° to costa; costa extending well beyond apex of R 4+5 (5–6× costal width). M 1 and M 4 both indistinct beyond dm-m; CuA+CuP long. Halter pale brown.

MALE ABDOMEN. S5 broad, long-setose along posterior margin with a large, rounded, posteromedial lobe and a separate, posteriorly-setulose dorsal sclerite. S6 extending to the right side and sinuate. Cercus flat, subquadrate, with two setae; subepandrial sclerite hexagonal with a dark X-shaped pattern. Surstylus long but low, bilobed: anterior lobe smaller, triangular, laterally setose with a stout apical tooth-like seta, posterior lobe subtriangular, slightly curved, and setose laterally and ventrally. Postgonite small, bent about midlength and broadened, apex emarginate, medially with a setulose, anterior process terminating in a downcurved, tooth-like projection. Phallapodeme elongate, slightly curved; basiphallus elongate, extended into a tapered epiphallus distally. Distiphallus stout, largely membranous with several upperlateral and lower supporting sclerites, lower sclerite with a knob-like ventral lobe.

FEMALE ABDOMEN. T7 divided into two lateral sclerites; T8 very small, triangular, divided into two parts. S6 rectangular and setose along posterior margin; S7 small and rectangular. Spermathecae stout, subcylindrical, stem very short and membranous. No other details of the female terminalia are given in Papp (2008).

Distribution

Indomalayan: Indonesia (new record), Singapore (new record), Thailand ( Papp 2008).

Remarks

The slightly reduced palpus of Pa. asiaticum is an autapomorphy of the species, rather than a generic synapomorphy as suggested by Papp’s generic description; other species of Parapterogramma have relatively well-developed palpi. Illustrations of the male genitalia are not provided here as Papp’s (2008) illustrations are detailed and adequate.

Figures

Fig. 2. Parapterogramma asiaticum Papp, 2008 (ZRC_BDP 0105476, LKCNHM). A. Male habitus, lateral view. B. Male head, anterodorsal view. Scale bars: A = 0.50 mm; B = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 40. Parapterogramma Papp, 2008, left wings, ventral views. A. Parapterogramma asiaticum Papp, 2008 (LKCNHM). B. Parapterogramma bicolor sp. nov., paratype (BPBM). C. Parapterogramma dentatum sp. nov., holotype (DEBU). D. Parapterogramma digitisternum sp. nov., paratype (DEBU). E. Parapterogramma gonitellum sp. nov., paratype (DEBU). F. Parapterogramma hieroglyphicum sp. nov., paratype (BPBM). G. Parapterogramma magnum sp. nov., paratype (QMBA). H. Parapterogramma matau sp. nov., paratype (DEBU). Scale bars: A–H = 0.50 mm.

Fig. 42. Distribution map of Parapterogramma Papp, 2008.