Eisenackitina causiata, Li & Yan & Wang & Maletz & Liang & Yao & Wu & Chen & Cheng & Fang & Wang, 2025
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-025-00364-7 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8E0B8787-5A37-2944-FC98-3D0CDF8DFD37 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Eisenackitina causiata |
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Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, 1999 ( Fig. 4J–M View Fig )
1999 Eisenackitina causiata sp. nov., Verniers, p. 375, pl. 1, fig. 10.
2001 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Mullins and Loydell , p. 745, pl. 4, figs. 1–6, 9.
2002 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Nestor and Nestor , p. 75, pl. 1, fig. 9.
2002 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Verniers et al. , p. 294, pl. 1, fig. 12.
2002 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Mullins and Loydell , p. 92, figs. 3, (i & j).
2003 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Loydell et al. , p. 224, fig. 16, (w).
2004 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Mullins and Aldridge , p. 755, pl. 1, figs. 1–4.
2005 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Loydell and Nestor , p. 373, fig. 4 (j).
2006 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Hints et al. , p. 136, pl. 1, fig. 5.
2010 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Loydell et al. , p. 271, fig. 13, (d).
2015 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Mӓnnik et al. , p. 233, fig. 6 (I).
2018 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Chen et al. , p. 1265, figs. 4 (2, 7).
2021 Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, Li et al. , p. 12, pl. V, figs. 13–14.
Material: Systematic study was performed based on 53 photomicrographs.
Description: Te vesicle is conical, the body length is slightly larger than its chamber width, with a L value and a L/Dp ratio of 67–128 μm and 1.09–1.55, respectively. Te flexure and neck are absent. Te body flanks are slightly convex, transitioning directly into a very short membranous collar at the aperture. Dp/Dc ratio is 1.11– 1.43. A coin-shaped operculum may be preserved, while its detail cannot be observed. Te basal region is inflexed or protrudes toward the aboral pole, but the detail of the basal scar is unclear. Te basal margin and basal region are transitional, and the basal margin is rounded. Te vesicle surface is densely covered with short spines, and the length of the spines is usually less than 1 μm.
Measurements: Measured data based on 28 specimens.
Comparison and remarks: Eisenackitina causiata Verniers, 1999 is a key element in the Telychian. Its vesicle surface is irregularly covered by verrucate ornaments ( Verniers, 1999). Tese specimens were also reported by Loydell and Nestor (2005), Loydell et al., (2003, 2010), Mӓnnik et al. (2015), Mullins and Loydell (2002), and Nestor and Nestor (2002) in the West Europe, all of them with conical vesicle and densely covered by verrucate ornaments, and consistent with the specimen obtained in this study. While fewer specimens with thicker verrucate ornaments were reported by Hints et al. (2006), Mullins and Loydell (2001), and Verniers et al. (2002).
Compared to E. causiata , Eisenackitina dolioliformis Umnova, 1976 has a protruding mucron, Eisenackitina ripae Soufiane & Achab, 2000 is slender, and Eisenackitina spongiosa Swire, 1990 is covered by spongy ornaments. Terefore, they are different from E. causiata .
Locality and stratigraphic horizon: E. causiata is abundant in the middle and upper Telychian (e.g., Loydell & Nestor, 2005; Loydell et al., 2003, 2010; Männik et al., 2015; Nestor & Nestor, 2002). It even extends into the Sheinwoodian in the West of Europe (e.g., Hints et al., 2006; Mullins & Aldridge, 2004; Mullins & Loydell, 2001, 2002). It was reported from the Tarannon Shales Formation of Banwy River and Buttington Brick Pit sections, Wales ( Mullins & Loydell, 2001, 2002), the Purple Shales and Buildwas formations of Shropshire, England ( Mullins & Aldridge, 2004), the Jūrmala ( Loydell & Nestor, 2005; Loydell et al., 2003) and Rumba ( Nestor & Nestor, 2002) formations and Adavere-Jaani stages ( Loydell et al., 2010) of Latvia, the Rumba and Velise formations of Estonia ( Hints et al., 2006), the Petit Roeulx, Corroy and Fallais formations of Ronquières-Monstreux region, Belgium ( Verniers et al., 2002), and the Adavere stage of Sweden ( Mӓnnik et al., 2015). In the Yangtze Platform, it was reported from the Telychian Shamao Formation of western Hubei Province by Chen et al. (2018) and Li et al. (2021). In this study, it was found from the lower Shenxuanyi Member of the Majia section.
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