Curculio alboscutellatus (Roelofs)

Frank W. Pelsue, Jr. & Zhang, Runzhi, 2000, A Review Of The Curculio From China With Descriptions Of New Taxa. Part II. The Curculio Alboscutellatus Group (Curculionidae: Curculioninae: Cyrculionini), The Coleopterists Bulletin 54 (4), pp. 467-496 : 468-475

Key to the Species of the Curculio alboscutellatus Group

1 Antennal club as long as or longer than funicular segments 1–7 combined ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

1' Antennal club not as long as funicular segments 4–7 combined 10

2(1) Segment two of funiculus equal to segment one ---------------------------------- 3

2' Segment two of funiculus subequal to or not as long as segment one ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8

3(2) Tooth on hind femur small, acute ( Fig. 2 ) ----------------------------------------------- 4

3' Tooth on hind femur medium to large ( Fig. 24 ) ----------------------------------- 5

4(3) Scape not as long as funicular segments one to six; meta­uncus lacking; rostrum broader than frons at base narrower at apex, lacking dorsal median carina to insertion of scape. Male 3.3–3.8 mm ( Figs. 1–2 ) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. jilinensis n. sp.

4' Scape longer than funicular segments 1–6; metauncus present; rostrum broader than frons at base to antennal insertion then tapering to width of frons at apex, with dorsal median carina from frons to insertion of scape. Male 4.1 mm ( Figs. 3–4 ) ------------- C. gressitti n. sp.

5(3') Hind femur lacking prominent proximolateral sulcus, at most feeble ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6

5' Hind femur with prominent proximolateral sulcus. Male 4.8 mm ( Figs. 5–6 ) ------------------------------------------------------------------ C. tonkinensis (Heller)

6(5) Rostrum longer than one half length of body ---------------------------------------- 7

6' Rostrum less than or one half as long as body; scape of male longer than funicular segments 1–4 combined. Male 4.8 mm ( Figs. 7–8 ) -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. krissiae n. sp.

7(6) Elytral intervals, 2, 6, and 7 with median macular fascia of cretaceous scales; hind femoral tooth acute with indication of secondary denticle and keel. Male 3.7–4.3 mm ( Figs. 9–10 ) --------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. alboscutellatus (Roelofs)

7' Elytral intervals 2, 3, 7, 8 and 9 with median macular fascia of cretaceous scales; hind femoral tooth acute may have secondary keel distad to tooth, but not dentate. Male 3.7–4.6 mm ( Figs. 11–12 ) ----- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. simius spretus (Heller)

8(2') Hind femoral tooth medium to large --------------------------------------------------------- 9

8' Hind femoral tooth small; female rostrum one half as long as body, broad from frons to antennal insertion, then narrows to width of frons at apex; mesosternal intercoxal process prominent. Female 3.4–4.0 mm ( Figs. 13–14 ) --------------------------------------------------------------------- C. lisae n. sp.

9(8) Hind femur robust from base to club ( Fig. 16 ); scape of male as long as funicular segments 1–7 combined. Male 3.8–5.8 mm ( Figs. 15–16 ) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. latusrostris n. sp.

9' Hind femur not robust from base to club ( Fig. 18 ); scape of male as long as funicular segments 1–7 combined. Male 5.2 mm ( Figs. 17– 18 ) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C. shopfneri n. sp.

10(1') Second segment of funiculus as long as first --------------------------------------- 11

10' Second segment of funiculus not as long as first; scape as long as funicular segments 1–6 combined. Male 3.6–3.7 mm ( Figs. 19–20 ) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. francisi n. sp.

11(10) Tooth on hind femur medium to large ---------------------------------------------------- 12

11' Tooth on hind femur small. Male 4.7–4.8 mm ( Figs. 21–22 ) ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C. scutellaris (Chevrolat)

12(11) Hind femur with feeble or lacking prominent proximolateral sulcus ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15

12' Hind femur with prominent proximolateral sulcus ----------------------------- 13

13(12') Hind femoral tooth medium to large, but not as long as tibia is broad laterally; scape as long or longer than funicular segments 1–6 ---- 14

13' Hind femoral tooth large, as long as tibia is broad laterally; scape as long as funicular segments 1–5. Male 2.6–3.0 mm ( Figs. 23–24 ) ---- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. matthewi n. sp.

14(13) Scape longer than funicular segments 1–6; metauncus bifid; dorsum of prothorax and elytra lacking defined macula; scutellum as long as broad with white scales. Male 5.20–5.70 mm ( Figs. 25–26 ) -------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. ochromaculata n. sp.

14' Scape as long as funicular segments 1–6, metatibia lacking uncus; dorsum of prothorax with basolateral cretaceous macula; elytra with fascia of cretaceous scales; scutellum as long as broad, piceous with small basocentral testaceous scales. Male 4.2–4.3 mm ( Figs. 27–28 ) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. chevrolati (Faust)

15(12) Scape longer than funicular segments 1–4; male with peg like meta­uncus, lacking in female; mesosternal intercoxal process prominent. Male 5.5 mm ( Figs. 29–30 ) --------------------------------------------- C. marioi n. sp.

15' Scape as long as funicular segments 1–6, antennal club as long as funicular segments 5–7; mesosternal intercoxal process feeble. Male 3.0 mm ( Figs. 31–32 ) ------------------------------------------------------ C. richardi n. sp.

Curculio alboscutellatus (Roelofs)

Figs. 9–10 , 47–49

Balaninus alboscutellatus Roelofs, 1874: 159 .

Recognition Characters. Elongate oval; derm fuscorufous; elytra with macular fascia at midpoint, of broad, clavate, cretaceous scales on intervals 2, 7, and 8; pronotum with basocentral triangular macula of clavate, cretaceous scales, with two small basolateral macula of clavate, cretaceous scales; hind femoral tooth large­sized, acute, with distal keel, sometimes with indication of dentition; mesosternal intercoxal process prominent.

Description. Male —Length: 3.7–4.3 mm (mean = 3.98). Width: 1.8–2.3 mm (mean = 2.11) Head: Moderate­sized, moderately convex; punctures small, with small, narrow, elongate, dirty white scales; cretaceous macula of short, clavate scales ventrad of eyes and rostrum. Frons, 0.19 as wide as head across eyes; few medium, narrow, elongate, testaceous scales, lacking interocular fovea. Rostrum: Length 2.2–2.7 mm (mean = 2.42); 0.61 as long as body; derm piceous to fuscorufous, usually darker basally, becoming lighter toward apex; robustly cylindrical, broad at base, slightly curving from base to insertion of scape, then tapering with broader arc to slightly expanded apex; with three median carinae from frons to insertion of scape; scrobe ventral; scape inserted in apical half. Antennae: Length: Scape 1.0– 1.2 mm (mean = 1.08) Funiculus: segment one 0.3 mm, two 0.25 mm, three 0.2 mm, four 0.15 mm, five 0.1 mm, six 0.1 mm, seven 0.15 mm, club 0.5 mm. funicle 1.1 mm; scape as long as funicle; clothed with narrow, elongate, cretaceous scales and erect, testaceous setae toward apex of each segment; club small, oval, compact, as long as funicular segments 4–7. Thorax: Length: 1.0– 1.5 mm (mean = 1.3); Width: 1.4–1.8 mm (mean = 1.62); 0.7 as long as broad; margins of disc dorsally angle toward constriction, broadly rounded; disc convex in lateral view, lacking median longitudinal carina; punctures small, shallow, with narrow, elongate, testaceous scales, with some larger, longer, broader white scales; base with median triangular macula of cretaceous, clavate scales anterior to scutellum, small macula of cretaceous scales on basolateral angle, anterior to elytral humeri; ventromedially with macula of short, broad, clavate, cretaceous scales; pleuron with punctures slit­like, with small, narrow, elongate, testaceous scales, with some bifid, white scales; mesosternal intercoxal process prominent, clothed with narrow, elongate, white scales; scutellum large, as long as broad, densely clothed with cretaceous scales; mesepimeron densely clothed with clavate, cretaceous scales; mesepisternum not as densely clothed as mesepimeron with clavate, cretaceous scales; metepisternum clothed with small, narrow, white scales, with macula of larger, broader, clavate cretaceous scales at distal angle; procoxae clothed with narrow, elongate, clavate, white scales; base of metasternum emarginate with short median sulcus at apex of emargination. Elytra: Length: 2.1–2.5 mm (mean = 2.3). Striae broad, deep, with short testaceous scales; basal declivity around scutellum; humeri feebly prominent, rounded; intervals broad, flat, clothed with short, narrow, elongate, testaceous and scattered longer, broader, cretaceous scales; midway with macular fascia of broad, clavate, cretaceous scales on intervals 2, 7 and 8; interval 1 with erect, long, piceous, some white, crosshatched setae, from posterior third to apex. Legs: Length of hind femur 1.9– 2.1 mm (mean = 1.99); tooth large, acute, keel distad to tooth with accessory dentation; pro­, and mesofemora with medium tooth; derm piceous basally, femoral club rubiginous with knee piceous, clothed with narrow, elongate, white scales from base to club, with testaceous scales on club; hind tibiae straight clothed with white scales pro­ and mesouncus large, longer than tarsal claw, metauncus lacking. Abdomen: Derm fuscous; sternite 2 longer than 1 behind coxal cavity; sternite 1 with broad median declivity; sternite 2 ascending to 3, not as long as 3 and 4 combined; sternite 5 almost as long as 3 and 4 combined, with truncate apex and 2 single elongate, erect, white seta; sternites 1 and 2 clothed with short, broad, cretaceous scales laterally, centrally scales narrower, same as on sternites 3, 4 and 5. Pygidium: Prominent , large­sized, with narrow, elongate, white seta­like scales. Genitalia: Median lobe of aedeagus 0.8 mm in length, 0.2 mm in width, dorsally sides even to arced apex, angular to blunt point, laterally somewhat thick, gradually arced to abruptly curved down apex; apodeme 0.9 mm in length ( Figs. 47– 49 );

Female: Length: 3.5 mm. Width: 1.9 mm. Rostrum: Length 2.5 mm, scape inserted at or just apical to midpoint. Legs: pro­ and mesofemoral tooth medium­sized, acute; pro­ and mesouncus large, metauncus medium. Pygidium: Visible , small­sized, with short white seta­like scales. Spermatheca: not dissected.

Distribution. China: Hupeh, Province, Lichuan District, Suisapa, 06 August 1948, Gressitt and Djou; Guangxi, Longshey, 840 m, 06 June 1963, Y. Shi; Yunnan Province , Jingdong, 02 April 1957, Z. Zhu. Japan. Seven specimens examined.

Remarks. This species closely resembles C. simius spretus . However, the number of elytral macula in fascia and male genitalia can be used to separate the two species. In C. alboscutellatus intervals 2, 7, 8, and 9 have abbreviated cretaceous macular fascia. In C. simius spretus , elytral intervals 2, 3, 7, 8, and 9, have well­defined, cretaceous macular fascia.

Figures

Figs. 1–6. 1–2) Curculio jilinensis male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 3–4) C. gressitti male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 5–6) C. tonkinensis male, dorsal and lateral habitus.

Figs. 19–24. 19–20) Curculio francisi male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 21– 22) C. scutellaris male, habitus dorsal and lateral views; 23–24) C. mathewi male, habitus dorsal and lateral views, holotype.

Figs. 7–12. 7–8) Curculio krissiae male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 9–10) C. alboscutellatus male, dorsal and lateral habitus; 11–12) C. simius spretus male, dorsal and lateral habitus.

Figs. 13–18. 13–14) Curculio lisae female, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 15– 16) C. latusrostris male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 17–18) C. shopfneri male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype.

Figs. 25–30. 25–26) Curculio ochromaculata male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype; 27–28) C. chevrolati male, dorsal and lateral habitus; 29–30) C. marioi male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype.

Figs. 31–32. Curculio richardi male, dorsal and lateral habitus, holotype.

Figs. 47–58. Curculio alboscutellatus 47) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 48) median lobe, lateral aspect; 49) median lobe, apex. Figs. 50–53. C. simius spretus 50) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 51) median lobe lateral aspect; 52) median lobe, apex; 53) spermatheca, lateral aspect. Figs. 54–56. C. latusrostris 54) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 55) median lobe, lateral aspect; 56) spermatheca, lateral aspect. Figs. 57–58. C. shopfneri 57) median lobe, dorsal aspect; 58) median lobe, lateral aspect.