Cuphodes habrophanes Turner, 1940

Prins, Jurate De, Hartley, Diana, Sruoga, Virginijus, Nicholls, James, Wallace, Jesse & Zwick, Andreas, 2025, Diversity of Australian Ornixolinae (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) with taxonomic and nomenclatural acts within the related taxa (Acrocercopinae and Gracillariinae) based on the evidence of museomics, bionomics, and mitogenomics, Zootaxa 5616 (1), pp. 1-340 : 56-58

Cuphodes habrophanes Turner, 1940

( Figs 51, 71, 92, 93, 105, 118, 126, 637)

Type locality: [ Australia], Queensland, Brisbane.

“ Cuphodes habrophanes n. sp. ”—Turner, A.J., 1940. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia 64 (1): 54. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41572670

Cuphodes habrophanes — Nielsen & Kumata 1996: 48; De Prins & De Prins 2005: 167.

Type specimens: 9 syntypes (♂ and ♀), (3 syntypes in ANIC (Canberra)). The six remaining syntypes are probably overseas. We have no data about their location .

Lectotype designation: Hereby we designate as the lectotype of the species Cuphodes habrophanes Turner, 1940 the female specimen ( Fig. 51) of which the full mitochondrial genome is available, belonging to the syntype series and carrying the following labels: [1] ‘Bundaberg/Q.[Queensland] 25-6-24‘(locality name printed on dark beige paper, Q.[ueensland] and date handwritten with black Indian ink), [2]’ Phrixosceles / habrophanes /TYPE Turn.’ (handwritten in black Indian ink on a beige paper), [3] ‘ HOLOTYPE /C uphodes / habrophanes Turn. ’ (the word Holotype printed, the species name handwritten in black Indian ink on a red hard carton paper), [4] ‘ ANIC /Image’ (printed on orange paper), [5] ‘ ANIC Database No./31 075714’ (printed on white paper), DNA sample NULT023587, genitalia slide ANIC 6277, in ANIC (Canberra).

Paralectotypes 2 specimens: Paralectotype specimen 1, without abdomen: [1] ‘ Bundaberg /Q.[Queensland] 29-9- 28‘(locality name printed on dark beige paper, Q.[ueensland] and date handwritten with black Indian ink), [2] ‘ Barcode of Life /DNA Voucher specimen/ Smple [sic] ID: 11 ANIC-16250 /BOLD Proc. ID: ANICY 250-11’(printed on yellow paper), [3] ANIC / Image’ (printed on orange paper), [4] ‘ SYNTYPE / Cuphodes habrophanes / Turner, 1940 / Type status assessed by T. Pleines, 2023’ (printed on red paper), [5] ‘ ANIC Database No. /31 053585’ (printed on white paper), in ANIC (Canberra) .

Paralectotype specimen 2 ( Fig. 71), without abdomen: [1] ‘ Brisbane /Q.[Queensland] 14-9-12‘(locality name printed on dark beige paper, Q.[ueensland] and date handwritten with black Indian ink), [2] ‘ Barcode of Life /DNA Voucher specimen/ Smple [sic] ID: 11 ANIC-16249 /BOLD Proc. ID: ANICY 249-11’(printed on yellow paper), [3] ANIC / Image’ (printed on orange paper), [4] ‘ SYNTYPE / Cuphodes habrophanes / Turner, 1940 / Type status assessed by T. Pleines, 2023’ (printed on red paper), [5] ‘ ANIC Database No. /31 053584’ (printed on white paper), in ANIC (Canberra) .

Additional specimen examined: Specimen 1(♂): Queensland, Rockhampton , 23.3786°S 150.5089°E, 04 January 1948, leg. I. F. B. Common, DNA sample NULT023462, genitalia slide ANIC 6276 , ANIC Acc. no 31 075715, in ANIC (Canberra) ( Figs 92, 93) .

Morphological diagnostic characterisation: This species is a sister species to Cuphodes maculosa . Wingspan 7.4–7.6 mm; length of the forewing 3.3–3.5 mm ( Fig. 51).

Head ( Fig. 71): vertex covered with short, piliform, tightly pressed scales, occiput with two lateral tufts of white, short, pressed piliform scales directed towards the mid of occiput; maxillary palpus short, slightly shorter that the basal palpomere of labial palpus, stout, shining white with sharp apex; labial palpus slender, distancing from each other, white, with sharp apices; antenna light beige, ca. 1/4 longer than the length of forewing, pedicel is ca. 2× larger than the following flagellomere, scape is enlarged basally and apically, partly covering eyes, white with lemon yellowish base, pecten not perceptible.

Thorax ( Fig. 51): white with light yellowish shading, tegula snowy white. Forewing shape slightly narrowing at sub-apex; forewing ground colour whitish creamy with golden shine, tiny ochreous spots, and dashes sprinkled all over the forewing without any geometrical pattern, a dark stripe is present on tornus; apical line short, very clearly defined, present only at termen; fringe line not perceptible. Hindwing very narrow, ochreous greyish, with bronze shine, apex sharp; mid legs very densely covered with long hanging or erect scales—species group diagnostic character; hind tibia and especially hind tarsomere I, covered with stout dense, sharply pointed spiculose scales—a diagnostic character for species-group; base of hind tarsus with dark ochreous ring—species-linked diagnostic character.

Abdomen ( Figs 118, 126): yellowish beige dorsally, tergites I–VI only top is pale yellow, while lateral sides and sternites ventrally white. Margins of abdominal opening on sternum II narrowly but strongly sclerotised, ventral crossing joint is very narrowly sclerotised, slightly concave, corners of abdominal opening angled, heavily sclerotised, sternal apodemes initiating at the corners of abdominal opening are well developed, rather long, reaching almost the mid part of segment II, straight, slightly distancing from each other, with sharp apices; tergal apodemes initiate at the margin on tergum I with broader bases, a short appendix is present at the basal part of tergal apodemes; tergal apodemes are slightly angulated/curved at the mid part, terminate beyond the mid of segment II with sharp apices. A melanised slightly bent fold is present on sternum III in males and in females; in males, sternum VII with a long narrow curved sclerotised bow, tergum VII with an area covered with tiny spiculae. Segment VI in females simple, without any specific markings, posterior margin of sternum VI in females with a narrow slightly stronger sclerotised margin.

Male genitalia ( Figs 92, 93). Tegumen narrow with glabrous but strongly developed uncus, forming a strongly sclerotised structure tegumen+uncus, that is longer than valva; anal tube clearly visible, blunt with tiny tuberculate sclerotisations; valvae rather simple, both margins costal and ventral run parallel each other, apex broadly rounded, ventral margin of valva with a broad, strong fold, covered with tubercules and strong, straight, erect, spiculose setae, the sub-apical part of ventral fold carries two rows short, thick, arrow-tip-like sclerotisations/appendages, the same type of sclerotisations/appendages are present at sub-apical ventral surface of the valva, valval basal apodemes long, reaching each other and even crossing each other, making a strong support of transvalval cavity; transtilla broad, complete as a bow with enlarged anterior part; another supportive trans- bow originates from joints of valva with vinculum that supports the dorsal part of male genital capsule; vinculum strongly developed, V-shaped, with broad lateral sides that become narrower at central suture; saccus short but well developed, as narrow short, digitiform appendage. Aedeagus long, ca. as long as valva, tubular with gently narrowing vesica, coecum as prolonged bulbed appendix, cornutus very broad, running along the entire length of vesica.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 105). Papillae anales flattened, fused by their internal lateral sides. Segment VIII very short reduced, weakly sclerotised; apophyses posteriores with broader that abruptly changes to smoothly narrowing apical part of apophyses posteriores; apices of apophyses posteriores reach the posterior margin of segment VII; apophyses anteriores almost 1.5× as long as apophyses posteriores, repeat in shape the apophyses posteriores, with broader basal part that abruptly changes to narrow apical part; segment VII strongly sclerotised with lighter trapezoid part at mid of sternum VII; ostium bursae opens at sub-anterior part of sternum VII; a short postvaginal suture present at sternum VII behind the antrum; antrum funnel-shaped, sclerotised. Ductus bursae long, of mid girth, melanised without any additional sclerotisations or markings. The distinction between ductus bursae and corpus bursae, which is oval, is strong; an irregular shaped narrow sclerotisation is present on the joint between corpus bursae and ductus bursae; corpus bursae with thick squamous wall; signum single, situated at mid part of corpus bursae, broad sclerotised oval patch in the mid of tuberculate area of corpus bursae wall; ductus seminalis enters ductus bursae at the joint of corpus bursae and ductus bursae.

BOLD data: https://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxon= Cuphodes+habrophanes &sea rchTax=Search+Taxonomy

GenBank data: No data.

Mitogenomic data: The DNA sequences of the lectotype and an additional specimen don’t differ, despite the specimens having been collected about 300 km apart. Cuphodes habrophanes is very strongly supported as sister to C. maculosa ( Fig. 637).

Bionomics: No data.

Distribution: Australia: Queensland ( Turner 1940: 54).